Spectacular reconstructions: Ways of seeing and the politics of recovery in American urban disasters
catastrophe, disaster, reconstruction, renouvellement urbain, ville durable, aménagement urbain, Chicago, San Francisco, histoire urbaine, histoire de l'urbanisme
Abstract from the distributor :
Kevin Rozario uses the two most devastating urban catastrophes in American history, the Chicago fire of 1871 and the San Francisco earthquake of 1906, to explore how extraordinary recovery from sudden ruination can be both compelling and inspiring. He discusses industrialization and cultural responses to disaster, with analysis of narrative accounts of disaster as well as performative accounts that have served to reassure Americans that new and improved urban environments can come of disaster. He further explores how the "mass consumer culture" of America has shaped American responses to events of September 11th.
Kevin Rozario is Assistant Professor in the American Studies program at Smith College. He holds a Ph.D. in history from Yale University, and has previously taught at Oberlin and Wellesley colleges.
Kevin Rozario
MIT Video
2002-03-04
01:22:03
EN
Enregistrement vidéo
http://mit.tv/xdAed8
Wounded cities
violence urbaine, conflit urbain, catastrophe, exclusion, ethnologie, ségrégation urbaine, lien social, mémoire, Till Karen
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor:</b></div>
</div>
In contrast to theorizing cities that have experienced disaster or trauma as systems that need to become more resilient, in this talk Karen Till argues that cities marked by past structures of violence and exclusion should be understood as both wounded places and as environments that offer its residents care. The talk draws upon her book in progress and ethnographic research in Bogota, Cape Town and Roanoke, Virginia -- cities in which settlement clearances have produced spaces so steeped in oppression that the geographies of displacement continue to structure urban social relations. She will introduce her concepts of 'wounded city', 'memory-work' and a 'place-based ethics of care' as a means of retheorizing the city. She argues that the memory-work of artists, activists and residents offer alternative models to imagine more socially just urban futures. A deeper appreciation of the lived and place-based experiences and expertise of these urban inhabitants would enable planners, policy makers and urban theorists to consider more ethical and sustainable forms of urban change.<br />
<br />
Karen Till's book in progress, Wounded Cities, is based on more than ten years of ethnographic research and examines cities scarred by difficult national histories (Berlin, Germany, Cape Town, South Africa, Bogotá, Colombia, and Minneapolis and Roanoke, USA). The book engages recent debates about divided, resilient and resurgent cities by incorporating ethnographic and residents' insights, as well as relevant interdisciplinary discussions about heritage and memory; rights and cosmopolitics; and collaborative governance and civil society.<br />
Her talk is based on her just published article 'Wounded Cities' in Political Geography 31 (1) (January 2012): 3-14, that includes responses by Rob Shields, Jeff Garmany, and Kevin Ward, with Dr. Till's reply, and outlines some of the major concepts in a preliminary fashion that will be discussed in depth in the book.<br />
<br />
<b>Karen Till</b> is Lecturer in Geography at the National University of Ireland Maynooth and Director of the Space & Place Research Collaborative.</div>
</div>
Karen E. Till
7 February 2012
http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1217540;jsessionid=F2F0A0F3BFC82CAAE07D7CCFECBD16EF
How cities cope with obduracy and vulnerability
, forme urbaine, catastrophe, mutation urbaine, innovation, aménagement urbain, reconstruction, Hommels Anique
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor:</b></div>
</div>
City planning initiatives and redesign of urban structures often become mired in debate and delay. Despite the fact that cities are considered to be dynamic, innovative and flexible spaces, never finished but always under construction, it is very difficult to change existing urban structures. Cities become fixed, obdurate, securely anchored in their own histories as well as in the histories of their surroundings. Yet, if cities fall victim to a disaster, change of urban structures is sudden, unexpected and often seen as undesirable. At the same time, it is argued that urban disasters can bring about urban innovation and that cities can even benefit from them. The talk will discuss how cities cope with obduracy and vulnerability. Why is it so difficult to bring about urban innovation once urban structures are in place? How do cities respond to urban disasters? How can we explain the ‘rhetoric of innovation’ in cases of urban disaster? These issues will be discussed in relation to theories of obduracy and vulnerability in cities and illustrated with empirical cases.<br />
<br />
<b>Anique Hommels</b> is associate professor at the Department of Technology & Society Studies, Maastricht University, the Netherlands. In her PhD thesis she concentrated on the resistance to change (‘obduracy') in urban sociotechnical transformation processes. A book (Unbuilding Cities - Obduracy in Urban Sociotechnical Change (2005). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press), based on her thesis, has been published by MIT Press in 2005 (paperback edition Fall 2008).</div>
</div>
Anique Hommels
22 November 2011
http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1190757;jsessionid=94A3CE96435BB22545AAE9F1D7AD7F7E
Jeffrey H. Jackson, "Paris under water" : New books in history
Paris, flood, inondation, catastrophe, société urbaine, Jackson Jeffrey H., Poe Marshall
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor : </b></div>
</div>
In the late 19th century, French sociologist Émile Durkheim warned the world about spreading “normlessness” (anomie). He claimed that modern society, and particularly life in concentrated urban-industrial areas like Paris, left people without the sense of belonging that characterized “traditional” life. Durkheim was not alone in thinking that there was something fundamentally sick-making about modernity. Marx called the modern malady “alienation” (Entfremdung), Weber called it “disenchantment” (Entzauberung), and Freud called it “discontent” (Unbehagen). The more general term used in fin de siècle Europe was “neurasthenia,” a condition of nervous exhaustion caused by the frenetic pace of modern life.<br />
<br />
The theory that modernity was pathological was put to the test on several occasions in the early twentieth century. One of the earliest was the Paris flood of 1910. It’s the subject of Jeffrey H. Jackson‘s wonderfully told tale Paris Under Water: How the City of Light Survived the Great Flood of 1910 (Palgrave-MacMillan, 2010). By Jackson’s revealing lights, social science did not fare very well. When the Seine river literally rose up out of the ground and over its banks, things in Paris did not fall apart as Durkheim, Marx, Weber, and Freud might have predicted. Far from it: the Parisians generally pulled together, fought the rising waters, and helped one another. They were not “normless,” “alienated,” “disenchanted,” or “discontented.” They knew just who they were: French citizens. They knew just what to do: lend a hand. And they knew just why they did it: national duty. This isn’t to say that some sort of ideal democracy magically emerged out of the flood waters. It didn’t. As is always the case, people in desperate situations do desperate (and often stupid) things. The deluge ripped the veneer of normalcy from daily life and revealed underlying conflicts. But more than anything else the Paris flood revealed the remarkable strength of modern republican nation-states. Unlike their much praised “traditional” counterparts—the monarchies of early modern Europe—they did not fall apart when put under significant strain. They cohered and even grew stronger.<br />
<br />
We shouldn’t think, however, that this solidarity was an entirely good thing. National unity had a much darker side, as would be shown only a few years later. Nations are often very good at helping themselves, as the Paris flood demonstrated. But they are also very good (if “good” is the right word) at fighting other nations, as was demonstrated with horrible clarity in World War I and World War II.</div>
</div>
<b>Marshall Poe </b>is Associate Professor and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of History at the University of Iowa.</div>
<b>Jeffrey H. Jackson </b>is Associate Professor of History at Rhodes College.</div>
</div>
Marshall Poe,
Jeffrey H. Jackson
13 August 2010
http://newbooksinhistory.com/2010/08/13/jeffrey-h-jackson-paris-under-water-how-the-city-of-light-survived-the-great-flood-of-1910/
Résiliences urbaines. Les villes face aux catastrophes
résilience, catastrophe
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b><br />
<br />
De Pompéi à Fukushima, les villes sont confrontées de manière récurrente à des catastrophes. Elles y font face, chacune à leur manière, rares étant celles qui disparaissent. Depuis les attentats du 11 septembre 2001 à New York, la catastrophe urbaine est entrée dans une ère mondialisée et est de plus en plus pensée en termes de résilience. Omniprésent dans les organisations internationales et aux États-Unis, le concept se diffuse désormais en France.<br />
<br />
Cet ouvrage, issu du séminaire de recherche "Résilience urbaine", organisé à l'École normale supérieure, propose une analyse croisée de cas historiques et contemporains, pour illustrer, mais aussi critiquer et déconstruire la résilience : Pompéi, Rome, Berlin, Bucarest, Phnom-Penh, La Nouvelle-Orléans, Londres et Paris.<br />
<br />
<b>Géraldine Djament-Tran</b> est maître de conférences en géographie à l'université de Strasbourg. Ses recherches portent sur la pérennité urbaine, les dynamiques métropolitaines et les processus de patri-monialisation.<br />
<br />
<b>Magali Reghezza-Zitt</b> est maître de conférences en géographie à l'École normale supérieure. Ses recherches portent sur les risques et la vulnérabilité des espaces urbains et métropolitains.</div>
</div>
Géraldine Djament-Tran,
Magali Reghezza-Zitt,
(Dir.)
Le Manuscrit
Septembre 2012
364
Ouvrage
Paradoxes de l'urbanisation : pourquoi les catastrophes n'empêchent-elles pas l'urbanisation ?
urbanisation, catastrophe, résilience, développement durable
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b><br />
<br />
Comment peut-on comprendre que l'urbanisation contemporaine s'intensifie en dépit de la multiplication des catastrophes et des limites des efforts de gestion ?<br />
<br />
Répondre à cette question, qui constitue un défi majeur pour la compréhension et la gestion des peuplements actuels tant elle est paradoxale, impose de revenir sur les définitions des catastrophes comme sur leur contribution à la structuration des peuplements humains. La lecture critique de la question mobilise des études de cas. par exemple celle de la catastrophe de La Faute-sur Mer, avec une approche principalement géographique<br />
<br />
Ce livre montre l'intérêt et les limites du développement durable et de la résilience pour éclairer ces problèmes fondamentaux. Tant le développement durable que la résilience représentent des efforts visant à trouver des solutions au paradoxe de l'urbanisation qui s'intensifie en dépit de la démultiplication statistiquement accrue des catastrophes<br />
<br />
<b>Patrick Pigeon</b> est professeur à l'université de Savoie.</div>
</div>
Patrick Pigeon
L'Harmattan
Juillet 2012
280
Ouvrage
Flammable cities: Urban conflagration and the making of the modern world
catastrophe, fire, incendie, modernisation, histoire urbaine, Bankoff Greg, Lübken Uwe, Sand Jordan
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> In most cities today, fire has been reduced to a sporadic and isolated threat. But throughout history the constant risk of fire has left a deep and lasting imprint on almost every dimension of urban society. This volume, the first truly global study of urban conflagration, shows how fire has shaped cities throughout the modern world, from Europe to the imperial colonies, major trade entrepôts, and non-European capitals, right up to such present-day megacities as Lagos and Jakarta. Urban fire may hinder commerce or even spur it; it may break down or reinforce barriers of race, class, and ethnicity; it may serve as a pretext for state violence or provide an opportunity for displays of state benevolence. As this volume demonstrates, the many and varied attempts to master, marginalize, or manipulate fire can turn a natural and human hazard into a highly useful social and political tool.<br /> <br /> <b>Greg Bankoff </b>is professor of history at the University of Hull, UK. <br /> <b>Uwe Lübken</b> is “Disaster Migration” project director, Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society, LMU Munich. <br /> <b>Jordan Sand</b> is associate professor of Japanese history and culture at Georgetown University.</div> </div>
NC
The University of Wisconsin Press
January 2012
368
Ouvrage
Habiter les territoires à risques
risque, catastrophe, résilience, mémoire, prévention, territoire, habiter, November Valérie, Penelas Marion, Viot Pascal
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
</div>
Depuis quelques années émerge, au-delà des frontières disciplinaires des sciences sociales, un nouvel intérêt pour la question de l’impact territorial des risques. Rester, fuir, résister au déplacement ou être contraint à l’immobilité, comment réagissent les habitants de ces territoires ? Après une catastrophe, comment trouvent-ils les ressources pour se ré-agencer autour d’un projet commun ? Quelle place accorder à l’expérience du risque et à sa potentielle résurgence ?</div>
</div>
Cet ouvrage retrace les processus d’identification des risques, leur saisie par les collectivités et leur résilience post-catastrophe. Il vise à donner des clés de compréhension sur les logiques territoriales à l’oeuvre dans des zones dites "à risque" et veut offrir une compréhension globale des risques et de leurs conséquences sur les territoires qu’ils affectent. Ce livre réunit pour la première fois des contributions orientées vers l’examen de la relation "risques- territoires", selon plusieurs horizons de recherche (anthropologie, architecture, géographie, sociologie des sciences et techniques et urbanisme).<br />
<br />
Avec les contributions de : Marie Augendre, Mathilde Gralepois, Julien Grisel, Stuart N. Lane, Julien Langumier, Emmanuel Martinais, François Mélard, Valérie November, Marion Penelas, Julien Rebotier, Sandrine Revet, Jacques Roux, Pascal Viot, Sarah J. Whatmore.</div>
</div>
<b>Contenu :</b></div>
</div>
<b>Introduction </b></div>
Questionner la relation risques-territoires<br />
<br />
<b>Lieux et activités humaines : frottements, mutations et mise en tension du risque</b><br />
L’empreinte des risques : éléments de compréhension de la spatialité des risques<br />
Le lieu en tant que source d’événements<br />
Peut-on se fier à l’air des villes ? L’expertise profane du risque de pollution atmosphérique dans une agglomération urbaine, Saint-Etienne, France<br />
<br />
<b>Saisie du risque et effets sur les territoires touchés</b> <br />
Habiter les territoires et construire les risques : entre empreintes spatiales et logiques sociales<br />
L’emprise du risque sur les espaces industriels <br />
Négociation et controverse des périmètres de prévention des risques<br />
Connaissances controversées : exploration dans les sciences et les politiques des risques d’inondation<br />
<br />
<b>Processus de mise en mémoire de la catastrophe</b> <br />
Mémoire et oubli, peur et déni : dynamiques du risque sur un territoire sinistré<br />
Risques et catastrophes volcaniques au Japon : enseignements pour la géographie des risques<br />
Catastrophe, risques et production de localité : habiter à Vargas (Vénézuela) après les coulées de boue de 1999<br />
Gestion des risques et projet d’architecture : la reconstruction du village de Gondo</div>
</div>
Valérie November,
Marion Penelas,
Pascal Viot,
(dir.)
PPUR
6 octobre 2011
264
Ouvrage
Crucibles of hazard: Mega-cities and disasters in transition
, mégapole, catastrophe, risque, risk, disaster, urbanisation, planification, politique urbaine, environnement urbain, Mitchell James K.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> As a result of repeated experiences with devastating earthquakes, storms, floods, and wildfires, places like Tokyo, Mexico City, San Francisco, and Los Angeles are already identified with catastrophe in both scientific literature and popular culture. Similar prospects face less obvious urban candidates like Dhaka, Miami, London, Lima, Seoul, and Sydney. In this collaborative study of environmental risks in ten of the world's major cities, geographers, planners, and other experts examine the hazard experiences of case study cities and analyze their future risks. The authors conclude that the natural disaster potential of the biggest cities is expanding at a pace which far exceeds the rate or urbanization. In addition to tracing hazard trends and arguing in support of management reforms that can be implemented quickly, Crucibles of Hazard directs attention to long-term issues of safety and security that must be resolved to sustain urban areas. Opportunities for such innovative policymaking include: capitalizing on the role of hazards as agents of urban diversification; broadening the scope for employing hazard-based contingency planning models in other urban governance contexts; and mobilizing hazard myths and metaphors as unifying sources of inspiration for diverse and sometimes fractious metropolitan constituencies.</div> </div> <b>Contents:</b></div> </div> James K. Mitchell - Introduction</div> James K. Mitchell - Natural disasters in the context of mega-cities</div> Yoshio Kumagai and Yoshiteru Nojima - Urbanization and disaster mitigation in Tokyo</div> Kwi-Gon Kim - Flood hazard in Seoul: A preliminary assessment</div> Saleemul Huq - Environmental hazards in Dhaka</div> John Handmer - Natural and anthropogenic hazards in the Sydney sprawl: Is the city sustainable?</div> Dennis J. Parker - Disaster response in London: A case of learning constrained by history and experience</div> Anthony Oliver-Smith - Lima, Peru: Underdevelopment and vulnerability to hazards in the city of the kings</div> Sergio Puente - Social vulnerability to disasters in Mexico City: An assessment method</div> Rutherford H. Platt - Natural hazards of the San Francisco Bay mega-city: Trial by earthquake, wind, and fire</div> Ben Wisner - There are worse things than earthquakes: Hazard vulnerability and mitigation capacity in Greater Los Angeles</div> William D. Solecki - Environmental hazards and interest group coalitions: Metropolitan Miami after hurricane Andrew</div> James K. Mitchell - Findings and conclusions</div> James K. Mitchell - Postscript: The role of hazards in urban policy at the millennium</div> </div> <b>James K. Mitchell </b>is Professor of Geography at Rutgers University.</div> </div>
NC
United Nations University Press
1999
535
Ouvrage
http://books.google.com/books?id=SB-7aHLUIp8C&lpg=PR7&ots=5tzl2xhu_Q&dq=cities%20floods&lr&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false
Cities: The international journal of urban policy and planning (Vol. 29, Supplement 1)
research, recherche, United States, États-Unis, urbanisation, démographie, catastrophe, occupation du sol, Kirby Andrew
<div><b>Extract from the Editorial:</b></div> </div> You are reading the first issue of <i>Current Research on Cities</i>... The first four issues will all be supplements to the journal <i>Cities</i>, prior to an independent launch in 2014.</div> </div> Although <i>Current Research on Cities </i>has much in common with <i>Cities: the international journal of urban policy in planning</i>..., it is also a departure in terms of its aims and content. It is designed to be the first meta-journal in the field of urban studies, and in much the same way that meta-analysis draws on existing research to synthesize and project what is known on a topic, a meta-journal pulls together what we know about a field and keeps researchers up to date.</div> </div> <b>Contents:</b></div> </div> Andrew Kirby - Introduction to a new meta-journal in urban studies</div> Andrew Kirby - <i>Current Research on Cities </i>and its contribution to urban studies</div> Michael Batty - Building a science of cities</div> Brian J. L. Berry and Adam Okulicz-Kozaryn - The city size distribution debate: Resolution for US urban regions and megalopolitan areas</div> Alexander C. Vias - Micropolitan areas and urbanization processes in the US</div> Richard Morrill - Fifty years of population change in the US 1960-2010</div> Naim Kapucu - Disaster and emergency management systems in urban areas</div> Ralph B. McLaughlin - Land use regulation: Where have we been, where are we going?</div> </div> <b>Andrew Kirby </b>is Professor of Social Science at Arizona State University West.</div> </div>
NC
Elsevier
March 2012
S1 - S56
Revue
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02642751/29/supp/S1
Cities under siege: September 11th and after. City (Vol. 5, No. 3)
New York, September 11, 11 septembre, 9/11, urbicide, catastrophe, terrorism, terrorisme, sécurité, Catterall Bob
<div><b>Extract from the section introduction by Bob Catterall:</b></div> </div> The image of a siege suggested itself as we first began on the 13th of September to explore with others the meanings of the attacks, and their implications for policy and action, on New York and Washington on the 11th...</div> </div> The inquiry started in Newcastle-upon-Tyne in England and is being edited in San Francisco in late November. The bulk of the contributions were written for this issue and are from Canada, Greece and Mexico as well as the US and Britain. We have also included immediate responses in the form of a sermon from Newcastle and Mike Davis' contribution to a US teach-in. Eric Darton's strangely prescient discussion of his 1999 book on the World Trade Center preceded September 11th. We end this feature with Haleh Afshar's thoughts about the nature of Islamic fundamentalism, or, rather, renewal and return.</div> </div> <b>Section contents:</b></div> </div> Bob Catterall - Cities under siege: September 11th and after: Introduction</div> Nicholas Coulton - 'Wiser than the calculations of rulers...'</div> Mike Davis - The future of fear</div> John Rennie Short - New York, September 11</div> John Friedmann - Cities under siege?</div> Mark Gottdiener - Thoughts on Tuesday's events</div> Peter Marcuse - Reflections on the events: Urban life will change</div> Eduardo Mendieta - The space of terror, the utopian city: On the attack on the World Trade Center</div> Lila Leontidou - Attack on the landscape of power: An anti-war elegy to New York inspired by Whitman's verses</div> Stephen Graham - In a moment: On glocal mobilities and the terrorised city</div> Michael Safier - Confronting "urbicide": Crimes against humaniaty, civility and diversity and the case for a civic cosmopolitan response to the attack on New York</div> Divided we stand: A conversation with Eric Darton</div> Gustavo Esteva - Embracing the otherness of the other</div> Haleh Afshar - Terrorism and the Middle East</div> </div>
NC
Routledge
2001
383-438
Revue
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/ccit20/5/3