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                <text>Luc Cambrézy : Réfugiés et exilés, crise des sociétés, crise des territoires</text>
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                <text>Conditioned by the largely rejecting and discriminatory socio-political climates in the United States and the transplanted Chinese cultural traditions, the Chinese in metropolitan Chicago before WW II displayed striking occupation concentration and residential dispersion. The dispersion, however, had little bearing in assessing their incorporation into the mainstream as their primary group association was intricately connected to Chicago's Chinatown. More than half a century later, Asian population, Chinese being one of the largest components, in metropolitan Chicago has achieved substantial spatial integration. In comparison with blacks and Hispanics, Asians in general and Chinese in particular have demonstrated higher degree of residential integration, education attainment, and general socio-economic achievements. This is partly attributable to the changing composition of the Chinese population and the much improved pluralistic, cultural and socio-economic climates in the United States.</text>
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                <text>L'intégration spatiale des Chinois et des Asiatiques dans l'aire métropolitaine de Chicago.

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Un demi-siècle plus tard, la population d'origine asiatique de Chicago, dont les Chinois représentent une large part, est arrivée à un niveau substantielle d'intégration spatiale. Par rapport aux noirs et aux hispaniques, les Asiatiques en général et les Chinois en particulier montrent des niveaux élevés d'intégration résidentielle et de réussite scolaire et professionnelle. On peut en chercher les raisons dans les modifications de la composition de la population chinoise et dans un climat bien amélioré d'accueil aux immigrants</text>
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                <text>Wang Linda Q. Spatial Integration of Chinese and Asians in Metropolitan Chicago. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2003-1. Diversité des populations d'Amérique du Nord. pp. 153-165.</text>
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                <text>Spatial Integration ; Cook County ; Chinese ; Chinatown ; Chicago ; Asians ; Spatial Duo ; Niche Economy ; Ethnic Network</text>
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                <text>Intégration spatiale ; Asiatiques ; Économie de niche ; Chicago ; Chinatown</text>
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                <text>Gérard Baudin et Philippe Genestier (sous la dir. de) : Banlieues à problèmes. La construction d'un problème social et d'un thème d'action publique</text>
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                <text>Michelle Guillon et Nicole Sztokman (2000) : Géographie mondiale de la population</text>
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                <text>Isabelle Thomas</text>
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                <text>Laurence Broze</text>
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                <text>L'objectif de cet article est de faire un état de la question sur la discrimination des femmes dans l'espace et de l'illustrer par la situation de Bruxelles. Une revue de la littérature internationale conduit à la conclusion d'une très grande hétérogénéité des données, des méthodes et des résultats obtenus. L'analyse exploratoire sur Bruxelles témoigne de l'existence d'une forte ségrégation spatiale à l'intérieur de l'agglomération, à relier avec le statut socioéconomique et familial.</text>
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                <text>Women's Spatial Discrimination and Segregation on Labour Market : the Example of Brussels.

This paper aims at giving a state of the literature about spatial discrimination of the women and illustrating by the example of Brussels. A review of the literature concludes to a wide heterogeneity of the methods as well as the empirical results. The exploratory data analysis on Brussels confirms the existence of a strong spatial segregation related to the family and socio-economic situation.</text>
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                <text>Broze Laurence, Steinauer Mathilde, Thomas Isabelle. Discrimination spatiale des femmes et ségrégation sur le marché du travail : l'exemple de Bruxelles. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2002-3. Questions de genre. pp. 323-345.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2002_num_20_3_2043</text>
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                <text>Discrimination ; Gender ; Brussels</text>
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                <text>Genre ; Discrimination ; Bruxelles</text>
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                <text>Discrimination spatiale des femmes et ségrégation sur le marché du travail : l'exemple de Bruxelles</text>
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                <text>309-321</text>
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                <text>Florence Maillochon</text>
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                <text>Qu'elles s'exercent dans la vie de couple, au travail ou dans l'espace public, les violences interpersonnelles envers les femmes prises en compte par l'enquête Enveff se décomposent en quatre types : agressions verbales, pressions et harcèlement psychologiques, violences physiques et sexuelles. Leurs fréquences varient fortement avec l'âge des femmes, mais aussi en fonction de caractéristiques sociales, démographiques, économiques qui dépendent elles-mêmes des lieux de vie, en particulier de la taille des agglomérations. Cependant, des effets propres de l'habitat et du mode de vie qu'il implique se font jour, à travers l'organisation spatiale et l'importance des déplacements, la nature et la densité des réseaux relationnels. Si la fréquence des violences conjugales est assez constante dans l'espace, tous les types d'agressions au travail et plus encore les atteintes verbales et sexuelles qui se produisent dans l'espace public augmentent généralement avec la taille des communes de résidence.</text>
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                <text>Violence against Women, Place and Social Space.

The ENVEFF survey results enable us to distinguish four types of interpersonal violence against women, wherever this violence occurs, be it in the couple, at work or in public space. These types are: insults, emotional abuse or psychological violence, physical abuse and sexual abuse. Their rates vary considerably according to age of women, but also to demographic, social or economic characteristics which, in turn, vary according to the place of residence and, above all, to the size of the agglomeration. Nevertheless, there are particular effects of the type of place and of lifestyles typical in such places, linked to spatial organisation, types of daily mobility and the nature and density of relationship networks. If the frequency of intimate partner violence is fairly constant whatever the agglomeration size, all types of abuse at work, and, in particular, physical and sexual assaults or abuse in public space generally increase as agglomeration size increases.</text>
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                <text>Brown Elisabeth, Maillochon Florence. Espaces de vie et violences envers les femmes. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2002-3. Questions de genre. pp. 309-321.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2002_num_20_3_2042</text>
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                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2002.2042</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>fre</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Metropolitan Areas ; Physical and Sexual Abuse ; Age ; Town Size ; Urban Areas ; Intimate Partner Violence ; Violence at Work ; Violence in Public Space ; Insults ; Emotional Abuse ; Psychological Violence ; Social Interaction ; Relationship Networks ; Social and Economic Structures</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385380">
                <text>Âge ; Violences conjugales ; Violences au travail ; dans l'espace public ; Agressions verbales ; Pressions et harcèlement psychologiques ; Agressions physiques et sexuelles ; Taille des agglomérations ; Espace urbain ; Grandes villes ; Structures économiques et sociales ; Interactions ; Réseaux relationnels</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Espaces de vie et violences envers les femmes</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>103-115</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385320">
                <text>Frederick Douzet</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2003</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385322">
                <text>La question du logement permet d'éclairer de nombreux aspects des redistributions spatiales qui s'opèrent dans la Baie de San Francisco sous la pression d'une forte immigration asiatique et hispanique. À Oakland, la politique de logement du maire Jerry Brown vise à redynamiser une ville économiquement sinistrée en attirant des populations blanches et aisées dans le centre-ville, profitant de l'envolée des prix dans la région de la Baie. Les premières améliorations visibles de l'économie restent toutefois dues au contexte global de croissance, mais aussi peut être à la personnalité, voire l'appartenance à la « race » blanche de Jerry Brown. Le succès à long terme de cette politique est moins évident et risque d'avoir des conséquences importantes pour la population, poussant les plus pauvres hors de la ville et contribuant à la dilution, déjà largement amorcée, de l'électorat noir.</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Immigration and Urban Geopolitics: Housing Policy and Minorities in Oakland, CA.

The housing issue is an interesting window into the multiple spatial redistributions operating under the intense pressure of Asian and Hispanic immigration in the San Francisco Bay Area. In Oakland, mayor Jerry Brown's housing policy intends to revitalize an economically depressed city by attracting wealthy white populations into the city center thanks to skyrocketing housing prices in the Bay Area. The first signs of economic recovering in Oakland are certainly due to the global context of economic growth but probably also to Jerry Brown's personality if not to the fact he is white. The long term success of his policy is less certain and is likely to have tremendous consequences for the population like pushing the poor out of the city and participating to the already started dilution of Black electoral power.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385324">
                <text>Douzet Frederick. Immigration et géopolitique urbaine : la question du logement à Oakland, Californie. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2003-1. Diversité des populations d'Amérique du Nord. pp. 103-115.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385325">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2003_num_21_1_2067</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385326">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2003.2067</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385327">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385328">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385329">
                <text>California ; Housing ; Minorities ; Geopolitics ; Immigration ; Oakland</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385330">
                <text>Oakland ; Californie ; Logement ; Minorités ; Géopolitique ; Immigration</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385331">
                <text>Immigration et géopolitique urbaine : la question du logement à Oakland, Californie</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article</text>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385289">
                <text>205-205</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385290">
                <text>Barré Alain</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385291">
                <text>2003</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385292">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2003_num_21_1_2073_t1_0205_0000_1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385293">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385294">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385295">
                <text>Michèle Grosjean et Jean-Paul Thibaud (sous la direction de) : L' espace urbain en méthodes</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>compterendu</text>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385257">
                <text>341-350</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385258">
                <text>Francis Calcoen</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385259">
                <text>2001</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385260">
                <text>La structure et l'évolution du parc immobilier résidentiel de l'ancien bassin minier du Nord - Pas-de-Calais découlent de l'histoire du tissu socio-économique et de la conjonction des évolutions démographique et économique. Les mêmes interactions devraient continuer à se manifester avec l'accentuation de deux phénomènes : les conséquences des changements dans la structure démographique, et l'intégration dans l'espace régional.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385261">
                <text>Housing in the old mining Area in Nord - Pas-de-Calais. Between after-effects of the Past and Reorganization of the Space.

The structure and the evolution of the total number of the residential housing in the mining area of Nord - Pas-de-Calais follow from the history of the socio-economic structure and of the conjunction of the demographic and economic evolutions. The same interactions may continue with the accentuation of two phenomena : the consequences of changes in the demographic structure, and the integration in the regional space.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385262">
                <text>Calcoen Francis. L'habitat de l'ancien bassin minier du Nord - Pas-de-Calais. Entre séquelles du passé et réorganisation de l'espace. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2001-3. Les populations des bassins d'industries lourdes. pp. 341-350.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385263">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2001_num_19_3_2002</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385264">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2001.2002</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385265">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385266">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385267">
                <text>Housing ; Reconversion ; Mining Area</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385268">
                <text>Reconversion ; Habitat ; Bassin minier</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385269">
                <text>L'habitat de l'ancien bassin minier du Nord - Pas-de-Calais. Entre séquelles du passé et réorganisation de l'espace</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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                <text>137-152</text>
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                <text>Killian Ying</text>
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                <text>Dusan Drbohlav</text>
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                <text>This paper examines the problems and issues of Post-Soviet immigrants of Jewish origin, who came to the United States from European part of the former Soviet Union in the 1990s and currently live in the Los Angeles area, namely, in the City of West Hollywood. The basic results of the questionnaire survey carried out in April 2000 (N=92) on the immigration/adaptation experience of these immigrants are presented in light of some of the existing relevant theories.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385247">
                <text>Les immigrants post-soviétiques âgés à West Hollywood, Californie et leurs modalités d'intégration dans une société multiculturelle.

Cet article examine la question des immigrants post-soviétiques d'origine juive arrivés aux Etats-Unis dans les années 1990 et qui vivent dans la région de Los Angeles, en particulier à West Hollywood. Les résultats préliminaires d'une enquête menée en avril 2000 sur les expériences d'immigration/intégration de ces immigrants sont présentés en regard de plusieurs théories actuelles sur les mouvements migratoires.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385248">
                <text>Drbohlav Dusan, Ying Killian. Current Post-Soviet Immigrants in West Hollywood, California : Separated and Segregated Seniors . In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2003-1. Diversité des populations d'Amérique du Nord. pp. 137-152.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385249">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2003_num_21_1_2069</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385250">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2003.2069</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385251">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385252">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385253">
                <text>Adaptation Process ; Theories ; Separatism ; Social and Spatial Segregation ; Questionnaire Survey ; West Hollywood (California) ; Post-Soviet Jewish Refugees</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385254">
                <text>Enquête sur questionnaire ; Ségrégation socio-spatiale ; Processus d'adaptation ; West Hollywood (Californie) ; Réfugiés juifs post-soviétiques</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385255">
                <text>Current Post-Soviet Immigrants in West Hollywood, California : Separated and Segregated Seniors </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385256">
                <text>article</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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                <text>117-135</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385229">
                <text>Sonia Lehman-Frisch</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385230">
                <text>2003</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The Mission, the San Francisco « Barrio»: the Making of an Hispanic Neighborhood and its Commercial Street in the United States (1950-2000).

Today, the Mission neighborhood in San Francisco is identified as the Hispanic neighborhood of the city - the « barrio». It was not always the case : after World War II, it was still predominantly inhabited by white working class residents who immigrated from Europe a few decades ago. From the 1950s on, and increasingly in the 1960s and 1970s, the Mexican and Central American immigration deeply changed the neighborhood and its shopping street. However, at the turn of the century, the Mission residents are much more diverse than it is commonly believed. Analyzing the role of church, school and local organizations also shows that social ties in the neighborhood are weak. It shatters the myth of a strong coherent immigrant community.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385232">
                <text>Le quartier de la Mission, à San Francisco, est identifié aujourd'hui comme le quartier hispanique de la ville, le « barrio ». Or il n'en a pas toujours été ainsi, et au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il était encore peuplé de classes populaires blanches, issues de l'immigration européenne. L'immigration en provenance du Mexique et de l'Amérique Centrale a profondément transformé le quartier et sa rue commerçante, la 24ème Rue, à partir des années 1950, et surtout 1960 et 1970. Cependant, au tournant du siècle, la population de la Mission est beaucoup plus hétérogène que l'opinion ne veut le croire. L'examen du rôle de l'église, de l'école, des associations locales et de la rue commerçante dans la Mission révèle la faiblesse des liens sociaux à l'échelle du quartier et met à mal le mythe d'une communauté d'immigrants hispaniques aux fortes solidarités.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385233">
                <text>Lehman-Frisch Sonia. La Mission, "barrio" de San Francisco : l'hispanisation d'un quartier américain et de sa rue commerçante (1950-2000). In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2003-1. Diversité des populations d'Amérique du Nord. pp. 117-135.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385234">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2003_num_21_1_2068</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385235">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2003.2068</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385236">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385237">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385238">
                <text>Neighborhood ; Hispanic Community ; Immigration ; San Francisco ; Commercial Street</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385239">
                <text>Immigration ; Communauté hispanique ; Rue commerçante ; Quartier ; San Francisco</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385240">
                <text>La Mission, "barrio" de San Francisco : l'hispanisation d'un quartier américain et de sa rue commerçante (1950-2000)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385241">
                <text>article</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385146">
                <text>295-307</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385147">
                <text>Jacqueline Coutras</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385148">
                <text>2002</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385149">
                <text>Urban Violence and Male Spatial Identity.

The theme of urban violence has swept into the fields of politics, ethics, and is getting in the economic one. The authors of the damages seem well identified. When referring to the media, public authorities, politicians and to many research works, the main responsible of the muggings are namely and almost unanimously, youngsters from immigrant origin living in disadvantaged suburbs. Residential environment plays a complex part in the relationships these young people establish with others through their actions on space. Both men and women agree that leaving their neighbourhood is the best solution for them. It is indeed a "rotten area", symbol of boredom and social, exclusion. But, unlike women or girls, men also describe this area as their territory, where they feel at home and that they have appropriated as time go by. They belong to gangs and networks, which are short-term and precarious, but there they find friendship and solidarity as well as some financial income. When looking at their behaviour, it appears that these acts of violence in the public space show a (re)assertion of traditional values of feminity and masculinity, or even manliness.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385150">
                <text>Le thème des violences urbaines a envahi les champs du politique, de la morale, et prend même de l'importance dans celui de l'économique. Les auteurs de tels méfaits paraissent bien identifiés. À en croire les médias, les pouvoirs publics, les élus et beaucoup de travaux de recherche, les principaux responsables des agressions sont, explicitement et de façon quasi unanime, les « jeunes » appartenant à des familles issues de l'immigration et vivant dans les banlieues déshéritées des périphéries urbaines. La proximité résidentielle joue un rôle complexe dans la relation au monde que les « jeunes » de ces banlieues établissent à travers leurs actions sur l'espace. Elle est certes une « zone pourrie », symbole d'ennui et d'exclusion sociale : hommes et femmes estiment qu'en sortir est le seul moyen de s'en sortir. Mais à la différence des femmes, les hommes la décrivent aussi comme un territoire où ils sont chez eux, qu'ils se sont appropriés au fil du temps. Les « bandes » et réseaux dont ils font partie sont certes éphémères et fragiles, mais ils y puisent amitié et solidarité, souvent aussi des revenus financiers. En examinant les conduites des acteurs, il apparaît que les violences s 'exprimant « en public » sont une (ré)affirmation des traditionnelles valeurs de féminité et de masculinité, voire de virilité, qui identifient très fortement tout espace résidentiel dans la ville moderne.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385151">
                <text>Coutras Jacqueline. Violences urbaines et restauration de l'identité spatiale masculine. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2002-3. Questions de genre. pp. 295-307.</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385152">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2002_num_20_3_2041</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385153">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2002.2041</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385154">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385155">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385156">
                <text>Gendered Spaces ; Neighbourhood ; Spatial Identities ; Suburbs ; Urban Violence ; Men/Women</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385157">
                <text>Identités spatiales ; Violences urbaines ; Banlieues ; Quartier ; Espaces sexués ; Hommes/femmes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385158">
                <text>Violences urbaines et restauration de l'identité spatiale masculine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385159">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="22978" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385130">
                <text>415-418</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385131">
                <text>Anne Von Streit</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385132">
                <text>Michaela Schier</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385133">
                <text>Verena Meier</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385134">
                <text>2002</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385135">
                <text>Labour markets are changing dramatically. Our research group at the Department of Geography at the University of Munich is especially interested in the gendered dimensions within the context of economic and social processes of labour market restructuring. Starting with reflections on concepts of regional development, the social division of work and the meaning of work, we would like to present our central ideas and possible routes of further enquiry in the research of gendered aspects of labour market transformation. These concern theoretical as well as methodological aspects of our research.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385136">
                <text>Développement régional et questions de genre sur le marché de l'emploi.

Les marchés du travail se transforment radicalement. Notre groupe de recherche du Département de Géographie de l'Université de Munich s'intéresse particulièrement, dans le contexte économique et social, aux dimensions du genre dans les processus de restructuration du marché du travail. À partir de réflexions sur les concepts de développement régional, de division du marché du travail et de signification du travail, nos aimerions présenter les idées maîtresses de nos travaux et les voies possibles de nos futures investigations de recherche sur les questions de genre. Elles concernent à la fois les aspects théoriques et méthodologiques de notre recherche.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385137">
                <text>Meier Verena, Schier Michaela, Von Streit Anne. Regional Development and Gendered Labour Markets. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2002-3. Questions de genre. pp. 415-418.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385138">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2002_num_20_3_2051</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385139">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.2002.2051</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385140">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385141">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385142">
                <text>Work ; Methodology ; Theory ; Labour Markets ; Gender</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385143">
                <text>Théorie ; Travail ; Géographie du genre ; Marché du travail ; Méthodologie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385144">
                <text>Regional Development and Gendered Labour Markets</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385145">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="22977" public="1" featured="0">
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385116">
                <text>263-275</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385117">
                <text>Claire Lévy-Vrœlant</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385118">
                <text>1998</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385119">
                <text>Diverses enquêtes récentes ont attiré l'attention sur le caractère flou, voire réversible, de la notion de «passage à l'âge adulte» qui s'effectuerait aujourd'hui plus tardivement, à cause notamment d'un marché du travail moins accueillant. La référence au passé, fréquente sur les grandes questions de société, gagne à être affinée et surtout confrontée à des données précises. Nous proposons ici d'analyser les situations familiales, professionnelles et résidentielles des jeunes demeurant dans la ville de Versailles sous la Monarchie de Juillet, à partir des registres de mariage et de la presse locale, et surtout des listes nominatives du recensement de 1837 (observation d'un échantillon de 854 jeunes de 15 à 30 ans). Il s'agit d'une enquête impossible à mener pour Paris, où les sources équivalentes ont disparu. On rencontrait les situations suivantes : résider chez le(s) parent(s), être chef de ménage ou conjoint de chef de ménage, être hébergé par une famille, être logé en garni, enfin être logé chez le patron. L'importance de cette dernière catégorie, en particulier chez les filles (entre 20 et 30%) et la faible intensité du mariage et son caractère tardif révèlent la difficulté des jeunes à accéder à l'indépendance. Mais ces dispositions qui aboutissaient à allonger la période de latence étaient peut-être une de ces «ruses de la famille», un moindre mal en tous cas par rapport à la condition des jeunes à la campagne et à l'usine.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385120">
                <text>Family, professional and residential status of young urban people during the July Monarchy (1830-1848): study from nominal rolls of a 1837 census 

The concept of "transition to adult status" has been shown as vague or reversible in recent surveys. Furthermore, increasing difficulties on the labour market would imply a later instance of such a transition in our societies. 
The frequent reference to the past used in debates on society issues should be further specified and confronted to accurate data. The purpose of this paper is to analyse family, professional and residential status for young people living in the city of Versailles during the July Monarchy (1830-1848), by using marriage registers, local press and nominal rolls from the 1837 census, which allowed us to observe a sample of 854 15- 30 young people. This kind of survey could not be carried out in Paris where equivalent sources have disappeared. At that time, young people either : lived in the parental home, or were head of a household, or were taken in by a family, or were living in a furnished room, or were housed by their employer. The great importance of the last category, particularly among girls (20-30 %), the low marriage frequency, as well as its postponement, were all factors which revealed young people difficulties to emancipate. Such arrangements, which lend to a longer latency period, could be seen as "family tricks", as lesser harm anyway in comparison with the young people condition in rural areas or in factories.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385121">
                <text>Lévy-Vroelant Claire. Profession, résidence et situation familiale des jeunes urbains sous la Monarchie de Juillet. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1998-2. Les jeunes - The young People. pp. 263-275.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385122">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1998_num_16_2_1840</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385123">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1998.1840</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385124">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385125">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385126">
                <text>Apprenticeship ; "Life Cycle Servant" ; Life Cycle ; Housed by the Employer ; Residential Status ; 15-30 young People ; Family Status ; Occupation Status ; Differences according to Gender ; Domestic Service</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385127">
                <text>15-30 ans ; Situation résidentielle ; Situation professionnelle ; «Logé chez le patron» ; Situation familiale ; Cycle de vie ; «Life Cycle Servant» ; Apprentissage ; Domesticité ; Différences selon le sexe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385128">
                <text>Profession, résidence et situation familiale des jeunes urbains sous la Monarchie de Juillet</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385129">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22975" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385098">
                <text>119-119</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385099">
                <text>Thumerelle Pierre-Jean</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385100">
                <text>1998</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385101">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1998_num_16_1_1827_t1_0119_0000_1</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385102">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385103">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385104">
                <text>Aubert France, Tripier Maryse, Vourc'h François (sous la direction de.») : Jeunes issus de l'immigration, de l'école à l'emploi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385105">
                <text>compterendu</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22967" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385014">
                <text>147-164</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385015">
                <text>Pierre-Jean Thumerelle</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385016">
                <text>1998</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385017">
                <text>More than a Thousand Million young People 

The question of youth has not been much studied as well by geographers as by demographers, particularly the differences at the world scale. Concepts are vague and difficult to transpose from a part of the world to an other, and the limits of the subject are indistinct. Just confining to the 15-24 young people and to demographic indicators we can observe a great diversity of situations that will strengthen in the future. To this diversity add differences inside the nations and differences in schooling, labour, marriage, sexuality, relationships, culture... all depending on gender and place, and that cannot be cut off from the social, demographic and political environment. Never we are faced to a youth but to "youths".</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385018">
                <text>La géographie, comme la démographie, a peu investi la question des jeunes, en particulier dans leurs différenciations à l'échelle mondiale. Les concepts sont flous et difficilement transposables d'une partie du monde à l'autre et les limites vagues. Rien qu'en s'en tenant aux 15-24 ans et aux indicateurs démographiques, on observe une extraordinaire diversité de situations, qui vont encore se renforcer dans l'avenir. À cela s'ajoutent les différences à l'intérieur des pays, aussi bien en ce qui concerne l'école, le travail, le mariage, la sexualité, la vie de relations, la culture, etc., très dépendantes du sexe et du lieu et qu'on ne peut isoler de l'environnement social, démographique et politique. On n'a jamais affaire à la jeunesse mais à « des jeunesses ».</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385019">
                <text>Thumerelle Pierre-Jean. Plus d'un milliard de jeunes. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1998-2. Les jeunes - The young People. pp. 147-164.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385020">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1998_num_16_2_1832</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385021">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1998.1832</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385022">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385023">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385024">
                <text>Youth ; World ; Prospect ; Schooling ; Emancipation ; Family Formation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="385025">
                <text>Jeunes ; Monde ; Perspectives ; Scolarisation ; Emancipation ; Formation des familles</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385026">
                <text>Plus d'un milliard de jeunes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385027">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22963" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384967">
                <text>83-96</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384968">
                <text>Nayiré Evariste Poda</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384969">
                <text>1998</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384970">
                <text>Space, Natural Resources and Social Needs in Burkina Faso: what Future for the Environment ? 

The article analyses population-environment relationships in a country of the Sahel region which is partly affected by aridity. The situation is serious in Burkina Faso through the fast population growth and rapid process of desertification. The environment has a strong influence on population, particularly in the North where soils are poor and droughts are frequent. The population has also a strong influence on the environment; cultivated lands are growing, slash and burn agriculture is destructive, wood is largely used for building huts and houses; many other activities and customs contribute to the degradation of vegetal cover. Since the independence, various policies have tried to save natural resources.</text>
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                <text>L'article analyse les rapports population-environnement dans un pays du Sahel partiellement touché par l'aridité. La situation est sérieuse en raison de la forte croissance démographique et du rapide processus de désertification. L'environnement a une influence marquée sur la population, particulièrement dans les régions du nord où les sols sont pauvres et les sécheresses fréquentes. Inversement, la population a une forte influence sur l'environnement; les surfaces cultivées s'accroissent, l'agriculture itinérante sur brûlis est destructrice, le bois est largement utilisé pour la construction de cases et de maisons; enfin, diverses activités et coutumes contribuent à la dégradation du couvert végétal. Depuis l'indépendance du pays, diverses politiques ont essayé de sauvegarder les ressources naturelles.</text>
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                <text>Poda Nayiré Evariste. Espace, ressources naturelles et demandes sociales au Burkina Faso: quel avenir pour l'environnement?. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1998-1. Populations et environnement dans le monde aride - Populations and the Environment in Arid Countries. pp. 83-96.</text>
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                <text>Population ; Environment ; Aridity ; Slash and Burn Agriculture ; Degradation of Vegetal Cover ; Protection Policy ; Sahel ; Burkina Faso</text>
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                <text>Burkina Faso ; Sahel ; Politique de protection ; Dégradation du couvert végétal ; Agriculture sur brûlis ; Sécheresse ; Environnement ; Population</text>
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                <text>Vieillard-Baron Hervé : Les banlieues</text>
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                <text>Beguin Michèle, Pumain Denise : La représentation des données géographiques. Statistique et cartographie</text>
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                <text>Socialization and Marginalization of Youth in Brussels disadvantaged neighbourhoods, segre-gation at school 

This paper looks at the socio-spatial processes of exclusion of youth in Brussels and starts with the strong relation between concentration of young immigrants and neighbourhood poverty measures. These neighbourhoods concentrate the future generation of the urban population, but are at the same time the core of polarisation and social exclusion processes. The first results of a research on social exclusion and deliquency of youngsters in Brussels show that segregation in the schools, independently of school location, is a strong lever of marginalization for the youth of these neighbourhoods.</text>
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                <text>Mistiaen Pascale, Kesteloot Christian. Socialisation et marginalisation des jeunes de la zone défavorisée de Bruxelles, un accès différencié à l'école. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1998-2. Les jeunes - The young People. pp. 249-261.</text>
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