Urban transformation : Controversies, contrasts and challenges
, histoire de l'urbanisme, histoire urbaine, mutation urbaine, espace urbain, gouvernance, société urbaine, occupation du sol, économie, environnement, politique urbaine
Organisers' description : 14th International Planning History Society Conference will take place in Istanbul between the dates July 12-15, 2010. The conference will address the theme of “Urban Transformation: Controversies, Contrasts and Challenges”. The conference theme seeks to provide a window not only for a broad investigation of urban transformation aspects in Planning History across the world, but also for sharing professional and academic knowledge and expertise in Istanbul, in the European Capital of Culture 2010. During the recent globalisation period, Istanbul has become the focus for a number of urban transformation initiatives, which have brought an unprecedented level of challenges in planning, urban governance, cultural and social structure, historic preservation and other areas. Proposals will preferably address one or more of the following sub-themes: * Urban transformation in the planning history * Urban transformation strategies, policies, tools, urban management and governance, * Urban transformation and the urban space * Urban transformation and land use: housing and squatter settlements, commercial and industrial districts, transportation and infrastructure, * Urban transformation and the society * Urban transformation and the economy * Urban transformation and the environment conference website for a full list of papers available as full text.
International Planning History Society (IPHS)
Futures of cities : 51st IFHP world congress
, planification, développement durable, développement urbain, aménagement urbain, aménagement de l'espace, infrastructures, logement
Organisers' description : The year 2007 marks a shift to an urban era, an era in which more than half of the world’s population lives in cities. This fact is making many headlines. But what are its implications? How will this impact the futures of cities? Over a century ago, the Danish journalist and photographer Jacob A. Riis gave us How the Other Half Lives, shedding light on the plight oftenement dwellers — people who had moved to the city in search of a better life. Today, we again need to address how this urban half lives. How are we to plan, build, budget, negotiate, develop, promote, govern, service, use, embrace and secure a myriad of different sustainable urban futures? We now call upon policy-makers, practitioners and researchers from the public, private and academic sectors to share their predictions and proposals for the futures of cities! As our urban numbers increase, so do the questions: What are the impacts? On the cityscape, on the countryside, on the built environment,on where we work, where you live, and where Peter plays? What are the indicators? Recent findings, current trends! Hard facts, future figures! What is the measure of urban quality, of adequate housing? What are current construction rates? What are theforecasts for 2030? What implementations are being made? What is being done to tackle rising urbanization? What policies, plans, and programs are being enacted? Who is doing it, and how are things getting done? Session topics : Planning for climate change Space and demographic changes Housing and welfare Public realm and mobility Planning for healthy cities Building green cities Welfare policies in a global perspective Why large scale projects? Housing and planning between state and market Urban liveability Art in cities and planning The art of creative city making Dutch dilemma : Expanding housing in a shrinking world Impacts, indicators, implementations in a Danish context Sustainable futures for megacities Construction of urban identity Affordable housing Challenges for large-scale housing estates Nature in the city Shrinking cities Urban land policy Multifunctional intensive land use
International Federation for Housing and Planning (IFHP)
Urban ethnography : Its traditions and its future
ethnographie, ethnologie, délinquance, emploi, société urbaine, sociologie urbaine, immigration, migrant, Anderson Elijah
From the introduction by Elijah Anderson : The articles collected in this special issue are based on papers presented at the Yale Urban Ethnography Conference, ‘Urban Ethnography: Its Traditions and Its Future’, held at Yale University in the spring of 2008. The ethnographic ﬁeld study is founded on the observation and rendering of nuance, texture, and the lives of the subjects.Informed by sociological theory, the ethnographer employs a careful, bottom-up approach to ﬁeld observations and representations of how people are actually living their everyday lives, interacting with others, making decisions, and understanding their own social situations (Junker and Hughes, 1960). This research yields qualitative data which then enriches our understanding of existing theories and provides the groundwork for the development of new concepts, informing future study. Sustained ethnographic ﬁeldwork aims at accumulating a store of ‘local knowledge’ (Geertz, 1983) and takes seriously the study of the ways in which ordinary people make sense of their social worlds, and navigate within them. These basic ethnographic questions persist and guide us: how do city dwellers go about meeting the exigencies of their everyday lives; what is their interpretation and ‘deﬁnition of the situation’; and how ultimately do they make sense of their social worlds? In addressing these concerns, exciting newresearch by accomplished younger ﬁeldworkers and reﬂections by established ethnographers are brought together in this special issue. Contents : Elijah Anderson - Introduction Gerald D. Jaynes, David E. Apter, Herbert J. Gans, Ruth Horowitz, William Kornblum and James F. Short Jr - The Chicago School and the roots of urban ethnography James F. Short Jr and Lorine A. Hughes - Urban ethnography and research integrity: Empirical and theoretical dimensions Waverly Duck - ‘Senseless’ violence: Making sense of murder Colin Jerolmack - Primary groups and cosmopolitan ties: The rooftop pigeon ﬂyers of New York City Jacob Avery - Taking chances: The experience of gambling loss Jooyoung Lee - Open mic: Professionalizing the rap career Esther Chihye Kim - ‘Mama’s family’: Fictive kinship and undocumented immigrant restaurant workers Carol Cleaveland and Leo Pierson - Parking lots and police: Undocumented Latinos’ tactics for ﬁnding day labor jobs Robert M. Emerson - Ethnography, interaction and ordinary trouble William Julius Wilson and Anmol Chaddha - The role of theory in ethnographic research Elijah Anderson is William K. Lanman, Jr. Professor of Sociology at Yale University.
The new urban question : Urbanism beyond neo-liberalism
, néolibéralisme, urbanisation, culture urbaine, croissance urbaine, développement urbain, économie, société urbaine, développement durable, forme urbaine, métropolisation, gouvernance, aménagement urbain
Organisers' description : “The New Urban Question – Urbanism beyond Neo-liberalism” is the title of the 4th Conference of the International Forum on Urbanism (IFoU) that will take place from November 26th to 28th, 2009 at Zuiderkerk in Amsterdam and Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). The theme of the conference is about the recovery of the discipline of Urbanism under the conditions of urbanization and urban transformation, ecological threats and economical crises. More than 35 years after the publication of La Question Urbaine by Manuel Castells the urban question has to be asked anew. In the meantime the world is experiencing the fastest urbanization in history of man. Never before has human society gone through a comparable process of urban growth, nor have cities expanded as today. Within a few decennia new mega-cities or even meta-cities arose that are confronting the world with new urban cultures, with increasing social contradictions and with new and unknown environmental threats. On the other hand, more than half of the urban population worldwide is living in middle-sized cities up to 500.000 inhabitants that have become the major catchment areas for future population growth. For decennia urban development has been dominated by a globalizing economy and almost unlimited market demands. While economic power more and more became concentrated in global command centers, the influence of public planning decreased in the framework of governmental decentralization. However, the recent economical crisis has shown the limits of growth under the conditions of neo-liberalism. New models for urban development, new concepts for urban design and new approaches for planning and management are demanded that are able to guide the processes of extension and transformation of cities and regions, to bridge social contradictions, to combat segregation and fragmentation and to face the ecological challenges. With other words: The discipline of Urbanism has to be rediscovered. Sub-themes : A.The new urban Economy B. The Urbanized Society C. Urban Technologies and Sustainability D. The New Urban Form E. The New Metropolitan Region F. Changing Planning Cultures and Governance conference website for a full list of papers and to download the PDF files.
European city in comparative perspective
, histoire urbaine, gouvernance, commerce, migration urbaine, ville portuaire, espace public, mémoire, représentations, culture urbaine, périphéries, infrastructures, guerre, identité, pauvreté, sauvegarde, patrimoine, centre historique
Papers presented at the 2004 European Association for Urban History (EUAH)'s conference 'European city in comparative perspective : Seventh international conference on urban history' are available for download as full-text PDF files. 144 papers are available, the majority of which are in English (the remainder being in French). Session topics : Eastern Mediterranean Cities compared: Urban Government in Greece, the Balkans and the Ottoman Empire (1820-1925) Living in the city: Urban Elites and their residences Urban Stability and Civic Liberties: Two Fundamental Concepts and the Practice of Crime Control in Early Modern European Cities (1450-1850) Cats and Cities Another (hi)story of modernity: Urban everyday life in the 19th century, Europe West - Europe East Retailers and Consumer Changes in Medieval and Early Modern Europe Villes de Flandre et d’Italie: rélectures d’une comparaison traditionnelle The Ancient City in a European Perspective: Feeding the ancient city Green spaces in Cities since 1918: politics, ideologies, and perceptions Public Utilities, Local Resources and Politics Trade, Migration and Urban Networks in European Port-cities (17th-20th centuries) Constructing Urban Memories: The Role of Oral Testimony Methods and problems in Comparative Urban History: Searching for New Indicators of Success and Backwardness of Towns Urban Images and Representations in Europe and beyond during the 20th century Cities and Creative Milieus Wars, Bastions, and Towns: The Impact of Fortifications upon the Civic Community in the Early Modern Europe Périphéries et espaces périphériques dans les villes européennes du moyen age et de l’époque Moderne (XV - XIV siècles): les transformations induites par l’économie Urban Historiography in Comparative Perspective Power and Water problem in European Cities in XV and XVI centuries Cadastres and representations of the cities (XVIII-XIX centuries) Cultural Styles of Provincial Towns in the 18th Century: The Influence of the Metropolis? The Urban Experience of Modern War: European Cities and Aerial Warfare in World War II Identity Politics and the Construction of the Metropolitan Region: European and North American Perspectives Beggars in Modern Cities: Inclusion and Exclusion of Begging Paupers during the Formation Period of Urban Welfare Politics, 1830s - 1930s Historians' values in urban preservation in the 20th Century Clean and Decent Towns: Social, Economical and Political Aspects of Urban Sanitation (Early Modern Period) Urban Social Movements for Shelter and the Environment: A Comparison among Cities across European Space and Time Planning and Urban Transformation in the Balkans in the 19th and 20th Centuries Maintenance and Projection of the Cultural Legacy within the Historical Centres of European Cities L'architecture et les institutions portuaires des cités maritimes de la Mediterrannee (Ixe - XIIIe siècles) The Urban and Local History of Social Policy since the Second World War Industrial and Modern (Special) Teaching Urban history from medieval to modern Panteion University institutional repository. NB : Documents and metadata are in mostly in English (some are in French), but the site infrastructure is in Greek. Papers are in alphabetical order by title - browse by clicking on the Roman characters to jump to papers beginning with that letter, or click Προηγούμενη σελίδα to go to previous records, or Επόμενη σελίδα for the next page of records. Click on the title to view further information and download papers in PDF format by clicking Προβολή/Άνοιγμα next to where "Adobe PDF" is written.
Panteion University European Association for Urban History (EUAH)
Area-based initiatives in contemporary urban policy : EURA conference
, politique de la ville, politique urbaine, gouvernance, gestion locale, insertion, immigration, emploi, rénovation urbaine, participation
Organisers' description : Many contemporary European urban policy initiatives emphasise an area-based approach, which also aims to involve the community in planning and implementation of projects. There is a recognised need to strengthen the democratic element, further social inclusion, integrate social, employment, cultural, and physical regeneration components, and to promote urban renewal for the existing residents, rather than to gentrify. Does this signal a break with previous more sector-organised initiatives and the birth of a new coherent and integrated urban policy better suited to tackle the complex social and economic challenges of the city of the 21 Century? What challenges and barriers confront efforts to rethink city governance? Do participatory methods and partnerships in community involvement render superfluous the traditional democratic models of urban government? Are they better or do they pose new problems in terms of lack of legitimate democratic representation? The aim of the conference is to bring forward recent European and international research and experience regarding the effects of the new generation of urban policy initiatives both emphasising theoretical debate and empirical findings. Session topics : Workshop 1. Participation and community involvement in planning and implementation of urban policy projects and programmes Workshop 2: Challenge to policy and administration of an integrated and comprehensive approach in urban policy Workshop 3: EU Urban Policy vis à vis the development of new practices in the urban policy of European towns and cities Workshop 4: Employment issues, immigration and social inclusion in the neighbourhood. Stigmatisation, image of deprived neighbourhoods, the role of business in the neighbourhood Workshop 5: Models of partnerships and collaborative planning efforts Workshop 6: Methodological issues related to the measurement and evaluation of the effects of urban improvement programmes. Learning processes in the development of urban policies
European Urban Research Association (EURA) Danish Building Institute (SBi)
, renouvellement urbain, lien social, mixité sociale, environnement urbain, dynamiques urbaines, voisinage, gouvernance, démocratie participative, innovation, politique publique, aménagement urbain, immobilier, logement, forme urbaine, transport, développement durable, éducation
Organisers' description : This major conference on the theme of The Vital City was held under the auspices of the European Urban Research Association (EURA). EURA brings together an inter-disciplinary network of urban researchers from across Europe and beyond. It provides a forum for cross-national debate on urban policy and acts as a bridge between research and policy in this rapidly urbanising world. The conference, which attracted an audience of over 260 delegates and featured over 180 papers, celebrated EURA's 10th Anniversary. The event provided an opportunity for urban researchers and policy makers to engage in lively debate and exchange knowledge and ideas about the challenges involved in achieving 'The Vital City' in different European settings. Session themes : Resurgent European Cities Diversity, Cohesion and the Richness of Cities Branding the Distinctive City The Urban Environment and 'Quality of Place' Neighbourhood Dynamics and Urban Vitality Strategies for Viable and Vital Neighbourhoods Urban Governance Community Activism and Civic Innovation Health and Public Policy Real Estate Development and City Planning Housing Organisation and Finance Urban Form, Transport and Sustainability The Role of Higher Education in Cities and Regions
European Urban Research Association (EURA) University of Glasgow
, logement, développement urbain, logement social, économie, planification, gouvernance, politique urbaine, cadre de vie, équité sociale, aménagement de l'espace, aménagement urbain, mutation urbaine, mondialisation
Organisers' description : An important international conference on globalism and urban change took place in Chicago from July 8-10, 2004. The aim of the City Futures conference was to boost the quality of international dialogue about urban issues by: * Creating an entire conference focused on strengthening international exchange, * Engaging different disciplinary perspectives and approaches, and * Welcoming papers that address local, regional, national and international policy concerns. Session topics : Session 1.1 -- Future of city finances Session 1.2 -- Comparative urban economic development Session 1.3 -- Comparative land use planning Session 1.4 -- Planning and affordable housing Session 2.1 -- Divided cities and new responses Session 2.2 -- Public housing debates: decline, revitalization and gentrification Session 2.3 -- Social exclusion in comparative perspective Session 2.4 -- Regional economic development patterns and policies Session 2.5 -- Digital development and the urban future Session 3.1 -- Infrastructure, land and development in a globalizing world Session 3.2 -- Divided cities and urban vulnerability Session 3.3 -- Urbanization and sustainability Session 3.4 -- Urban data and policy analysis in a global world Session 3.5 -- Urban inequality - race, class, caste and gender Session 3.6 -- Cultural heritage and urban development Session 4.1 -- Un-marginalizing marginalized space Session 4.2 -- The global-local nexus Session 4.3 -- Travel to work Session 4.4 -- Urban sprawl(ing) Session 4.5 -- Changing urban space Session 4.6 -- A new spatial order? Session 5.1 -- Constructing new urban space Session 5.2 -- History, culture and planning Session 5.3 -- Competition and cooperation in shaping urban futures Session 5.4 -- Crossing Boundaries Session 5.5 -- Spatial structure and development Session 5.6 -- Change space...space change Session 6.1 -- Community led development Session 6.2 -- Public participation Session 6.3 -- Improving Survey research methods for planning Session 6.4 -- Approaches to urban economic development Session 6.5 -- Diversity in the modern city Session 6.6 -- The rise of the entertainment city Session 7.1 -- Ways of framing urban governance debates Session 7.2 -- Linking levels of governance Session 7.3 -- The governance of 'global' cities Session 7.4 -- Metropolitan governance Session 7.5 -- Comparing models of urban governance Session 7.6 -- Mediterranean Capitals Session 8.1 --Trends in urban leadership and governance Session 8.2 -- Leadership and local democracy Session 8.3 -- Perspectives on urban politics and policy choices Session 8.4 -- Local democracy and community involvement Session 8.5 -- Managerial innovation in the modern city Session 8.6 -- Improving the quality of life in cities Note : Not all papers presented are available as full text.
European Urban Research Association (EURA) Urban Affairs Association (UAA)
City futures 2009 : City futures in a globalising world
, mondialisation, changement climatique, développement durable, ville durable, cadre de vie, développement urbain, économie, migration urbaine, insertion, logement, démographie, gouvernance, aménagement urbain, planification, sécurité, innovation
Organisers' description : Aims of City Futures in a Globalising World The central aim of the Madrid Conference in 2009 is to lift the quality of international dialogue about urban issues by: * Creating a whole conference sharply focussed on international exchange. * Engaging different disciplinary perspectives and approaches. * Welcoming papers that address policy concerns – local, regional, national and international – that speak to the impact of policy on the ground. Conference Themes This conference calls for papers relating to one or more of the following themes. We welcome scholars from diverse disciplines as well as practitioners. * Climate change, resource use, and urban adaptation. How sustainable are modern cities? What policies are being introduced to tackle climate change? * Knowledge and technology in urban development. How are cities harnessing knowledge and technology to increase the quality of life for their citizens? Whither local economic development in a rapidly changing world? * Community development, migration and integration in urban areas. How are cities coping with rapid population movements – both into and out of cities? What are the implications for housing, urban regeneration and community building of international population shifts? * Urban governance and city planning in an international era. Sound city governance and urban planning are critical to urban success. What are the implications of current trends for political and managerial leadership? How should cities position themselves internationally? * Architecture and the design of the public realm. The quality of architecture and urban design affects the quality of life in cities. What innovations are taking place in urban design and planning at street level? Are cities redesigning themselves to cope with new challenges relating to, for example, public safety?
, aménagement urbain, mixité sociale, ségrégation sociale, ségrégation urbaine, voisinage, conflit urbain, interaction sociale, intégration, Beirut, Beyrouth
Abstract from the author : Reconciliation through reintegration? : a study on spatial proximity and social relations in two post-civil war Beirut neighborhoods. Although the Lebanese Civil War ended in 1991 and Beirut became a reunified city, much of it remains divided between a Christian East and a Muslim West. Beyond certain parts of the capital, many of its residential neighborhoods remain almost entirely religiously homogeneous. This study takes an in-depth look at two neighborhoods undergoing sectarian integration. Relying on neighborhood observations and face-to-face interviews with over 30 residents, it highlights the reasons that residents have chosen to reside in non-co-religious neighborhoods. Factors facilitating sectarian residential integration seem to include a past history in the neighborhood, historical ownership of assets in the area, appealing neighborhood attributes, affordability, and location (vis a vis other destinations and activities). Mixing appears to be a function of larger dynamics as well, such as the rising price of real estate that excludes many groups from other desirable areas. This study reveals that rising real estate prices in and around Beirut are driving people to reside in more affordable, yet non-co-religious neighborhoods. I analyze the extent to which and under what conditions spatial proximity actually leads to social relations between non-co-religionists. Integration alone does not seem to guarantee interaction. Factors limiting cross-sectarian interaction within the same neighborhood appear to include an absence of neighborhood attachment and identification, high levels of personal activity in other locations, involuntary or temporary relocation, and co-religious clustering. Factors facilitating the production of cross-sectarian social relations within a neighborhood include high levels of neighborhood engagement and activity, experience growing up in a mixed neighborhood, attendance at a religiously-mixed school, and weak political party affiliation. I speculate that a relatively apolitical, secular, and non-polarizing environment facilitates integration. Alternatively, the presence of polarizing political and religious images and symbols can act as barriers, essentially keeping non-co-religionists out. I also speculate that with rising real estate prices, more families may be forced to live in non-co-religious or polarized neighborhoods and this may introduce increasing tension. Public policies should thus focus on improving relations between non-co-religionists living in mixed neighborhoods. Enhancing civic engagement of all the groups in such integrated environments may head-off tensions and instability and strengthen collective community identification. Zeina Saab received her Master in City Planning (MCP) degree from Massachussetts Institute of Technology and is currently working in Beirut as a Project monitor and evalutor for USAid. Users outside MIT may view a full-text PDF copy of this thesis, in order to access a printable version an MIT login in required.
, renouvellement urbain, infrastructures, économie, ségrégation urbaine, mixité sociale, sécurité, culture urbaine, gestion locale, ville durable, aménagement urbain, habitants, interaction sociale
The majority of the papers presented at the 2004 conference 'The resurgent city', held at the London School of Economics, are available for download as PDF files. Organisers' description : This Leverhulme-funded international symposium aims to engender a new debate about: * the implications of the much heralded resurgence of cities in advanced societies, and * what is actually required to realise this goal on a sustained basis, in different kinds of places. Its starting point is the widespread consensus across academic and policy communities that globalisation, more intense quality-based competition and the rise of the knowledge economy are restoring the economic role of face-to-face contact - and thus of cities, as offering the richest possibilities for such interaction. Behind this consensus, different views about the key characteristics of successfully resurgent cities, point to real tensions in the ways that cities may develop, and many unanswered questions about how such resurgence is to be achieved in practice. The focus of this meeting is on addressing these unanswered questions through interaction between researchers and practitioners from different disciplines and perspectives. The aim is to build the basis for more productive co-operative work on these issues across the academic and policy communities, rather than to achieve instant fixes for either the intellectual or practical problems. List of papers : The argument for resurgence - Pierre Veltz The Resilience of US cities: Decline and Resurgence in the late 20th Century - Robert A Beauregard A tale of two Victorian cities: Glasgow & Melbourne - Duncan Maclennan Explaining urban resurgence: can our theories do any better? - Michael Storper How better to use existing infrastructure resources - lessons from charging and transport infrastructure management - Stephen Glaister Infrastructure and the Path-Dependant City - Eran Ben-Joseph Reauthorization: Getting Transportation Right for Metropolitan America - Bruce Katz Service provision in a metropolitan context: institutional challenges and responses - Andrew Davies Financing urban resurgence - a view from the EIB - Gianni Carbonaro Urban Development - EIB in the Cities - Gianni Carbonaro Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy - Michael Storper The communication advantage of cities: What is it made of? Does it matter? Will it survive? - Gilles Duranton What makes big cities tick? A look at New York - Vernon Henderson Face-to face Contact and Earnings Polarisation in Successful Cities - Diane Coyle Cities and Social Capital - Ed Glaeser Spatial segregation of ethnic groups in the Stockholm Region - Bjorn Harsman Segregation and the Attractive City: a Complicated Match - Sako Musterd Cities and Diversity: Should we want it? Can we plan for it? - Susan Fainstein Why don't men rebel more often? The Unanswered Questions - Sophie Body-Gendrot Crime, Fear and Barricaded Cities: Prospects of Resurgence in South African Cities - Nina Foster Guns and Gangs - Jan Stockdale Terrorism and future urbanism - Jon Coaffee Supporting the Resurgence of Former Industrial Cities: The Role of Distinctive and Ordinary Assets - Ivan Turok The Distinctive City: Evidence From Artists and Occupational Profiles - Ann Markusen Boom Towns and Cool Cities: The Perils and Prospects of Developing a Distinctive Urban Brand in a Global Economy - John Hannigan 'Good local government' and the 'communal city' - Hellmut Wollmann Achieving Resurgent Cities: Community within/against/ beyond Empire - Bob Catterall Disciplining the Sustainable City: Moving Beyond Science, Technology or Society? - Simon Marvin & Robert Evans The environmentally sustainable city: learning from best practice? - Harriet Bulkeley The role of data in urban sustainability in the South - Roberta Miller Convulsive Beauty in the Provisional City - Dana Cuff Some recent projects - Alejandro Zaero-Polo Whose habitable city? - Peter Hall Age of Anxiety - Eric Klinenberg The City as an Open System - Richard Sennett What people want from cities now and in the future - Professor Robert Worcester Taking the agenda forward - Ed Glaeser London - the Resurgent City - Hamish Macrae Resurgent Cities - Geoff Mulgan
Disconnected from society? Gated communities : their lifestyle versus urban governance
, ségrégation résidentielle, ségrégation sociale, gated communities, interaction sociale, sécurité, , fragmentation sociale, gouvernance, identité, citadin, délinquance, sociologie urbaine, société urbaine, Smets Peer
Abstract from the publisher : Today there is a widespread fear of crime on a global scale. This can be seen as a response to social inequalities, social polarisation and the fragmentation of cities, which has to a large extent been caused by neo-liberalism. Worldwide, an increasing number of middle and high-income groups have looked to security measures, such as cameras, fences, walls and gates, to separate themselves from other people in the city. These physical measures, in combination with hired guards, replace the ‘older’ social control mechanisms, which are based on social cohesion within the community concerned. One may question whether those living in gated ‘communities’ indeed feel responsible for other urbanites. In other words, will such a hard closure (physically-marked segregation) lead to soft closure, reflected in social-cultural and political segregation? What is the impact of the lifestyle(s) of those living in gated communities on the dynamics of the city, urban identity and urban governance? Peer Smets is assistant professor at the department of sociology, VU University Amsterdam and has recently co-edited the special issue ‘Countering Urban Segregation’ of Urban Studies. Nowadays, he publishes on neighbourhood dynamics in Amsterdam and interethnic contacts at the neighbourhood level.
Berlin, culture, aménagement urbain, reconstruction, rénovation urbaine, architecture, urbanisme, espace public, politique urbaine, mémoire
A l’occasion de l’anniversaire de la chute du Mur, le 9 novembre 1989, Le Mensuel de l’Université consacre son dossier du mois de novembre à Berlin. Articles : Berlin, capitale alternative Le processus est long qui mène de la destruction et du démantèlement de la capitale du IIIe Reich à l’émergence d’une capitale culturelle au rayonnement mondial. A Berlin, ce rayonnement ne se produit pas à l’endroit où on l’attend dans les autres capitales européennes. Il s’appuie sur des pratiques culturelles dites "alternatives", ailleurs considérées comme secondaires ou ne relevant pas d’une "vraie culture", puériles. Potsdamer Platz : l’envers du décor De no man’s land pendant la Guerre froide, la Potsdamer Platz est redevenue une centralité majeure dans l’espace berlinois. Mais derrière le symbole que représente cette place, les objectifs qui ont présidé à l’aménagement du quartier et la façon dont ce dernier a été produit doivent être interrogés. En quoi ces choix pèsent-ils aujourd’hui sur les usages de l’espace public ? Musée juif et Mémorial de l’Holocauste : deux réalisations architecturales majeures à Berlin Le Musée juif et le Mémorial pour les Juifs d’Europe assassinés, s’imposent comme deux réalisations architecturales majeures à Berlin en ce début de millénaire. Les Berlinois : experts urbanistes ? Dans les années 1980, avec la « rénovation douce » du centre de Berlin-Ouest, la participation des habitants devient un leitmotiv des politiques urbaines berlinoises. Cette tradition a-t-elle fait des Berlinois des experts en urbanisme ? "Berlin ou la difficulté d’être capitale turque" Entretien avec Gilles Duhem, directeur d’une association de quartier, qui revient sur l’immigration turque dans la capitale allemande. Berlin, capitale européenne du cinéma ? Entre la Berlinale, festival international de cinéma, les studios de Babelsberg situés aux portes de la ville et l’école de Berlin, plus connue en France sous la dénomination de "nouvelle vague allemande", un point commun : la capitale allemande. Berlin, vitrine de l’urbanisme européen ? Berlin a été, à plusieurs reprises depuis 1945, le lieu d’une expérimentation urbaine originale et un modèle à l’échelle du continent européen. Berlin, ville des artistes La côte artistique de la capitale allemande ne cesse de grimper et fait de celle-ci l’un des plus puissants pôles d’attraction culturels européens. Que se cache-t-il derrière cette image d’Epinal ? En quoi l’art participe-t-il des transformations de l’espace urbain berlinois ? Le modèle humboldtien reste au coeur des débats sur l’Université en Allemagne La "République de Berlin"
Amérique latine, Brésil, Vénézuela, Mexique, Chili, Santiago du Chili, démocratie, gouvernance, territoire, collectivités locales
Les articles du numéro 104, volume 5 de la revue EURE sont en ligne. Sommaire : Artículos - La democracia en el filo de la navaja : límites y posibilidades para la implementación de una agenda de reforma urbana en Brasil - ROLNIK, RAQUEL - Dispersión urbana y nuevos desafíos para la gobernanza (metropolitana) en América Latina : el caso de Santiago de Chile - HEINRICHS, DIRK ; NUISSL, HENNING ; RODRÍGUEZ SEEGER, CLAUDIA - Diretrizes para a gestão metropolitana no Brasil - GUIMARÃES GOUVÊA, RONALDO - Estrategias territoriales recientes en Venezuela : ¿ reordenación viable de los sistemas territoriales o ensayos de laboratorio ? ROJAS LÓPEZ, JOSÉ ; PULIDO, NUBIS - La gobernabilidad metropolitana de Santiago : la dispar relación de poder de los municipios - ORELLANA, ARTURO Otros Temas Los tres Méxicos : análisis de la distribución espacial del empleo en la industria y los servicios superiores, por tamaño urbano y por región - ANGOA, ISABEL ; PÉREZ-MENDOZA, SALVADOR ; POLÈSE, MARIO Eure Reseñas - Lo urbano en su complejidad : una lectura desde América Latina - Villarruel, Antonio - Impactos territoriales de la globalización. Una perspectiva macro-sectorial - Riffo, Luis
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
, territoire, métropole, mobilité, économie, Paris, bassin parisien, DIACT
Présentation par l'éditeur : En 2007, la Diact publiait « Une région de projets : l’avenir de Paris » de Paul Chemetov et Frédéric Gilli. Cette étude explorait la question du centre de la métropole parisienne dans le contexte de profondes mutations économiques en cours à l’échelle de la planète. Ce travail s’inscrivait dans une réflexion plus générale nourrie par un ensemble d’études aujourd’hui disponibles dans leur intégralité et synthétisées. Une première partie des travaux porte sur l’existence et l’intensité d’éléments caractéristiques d’un fonctionnement métropolitain au sein du Bassin parisien dans trois domaines : les différentes formes de mobilités des personnes et des entreprises ; les partenariats scientifiques et les mises en réseau d’établissements d’enseignement supérieur et de recherche ; les espaces spécialisés du Bassin parisien et la localisation d’éventuelles filières économiques. Dans une autre partie des travaux, on se demande si la région capitale peut, sans conséquences sur son attractivité, rester à l’écart du mouvement de constitution de très grandes régions urbaines en réseaux observé en différents points de la planète ; et en quoi la constitution de tels ensembles modifie les termes de la concurrence entre les métropoles de rang mondial. L’objectif est de mieux comprendre la nature des enjeux à relever pour permettre à Paris de rester au plus haut niveau d’excellence et d’attractivité, ainsi que les réponses à élaborer pour y parvenir. Etudes et synthèses à télécharger : • Le fonctionnement métropolitain du bassin parisien. Du bassin parisien à la région économique de Paris. (Sandrine Berroir, Nadine Cattan, Frédéric Gilli, Timothée Giraud, Hakim Hammadou, Hubert Jayet, Thérèse Saint-Julien) • Paris, une métropole dans le monde. (Frédéric GILLI) • Partenariats scientifiques et mises en réseaux du Bassin parisien. (Sandrine Berroir, Nadine Cattan, Thérèse Saint-Julien) • Fonctionnement métropolitain du Bassin parisien. Une analyse de la mobilité des populations. (Sandrine Berroir, Nadine Cattan, Timothée Giraud, Thérèse Saint-Julien ) • Fonctionnement métropolitain du Bassin parisien. L’Intégration régionale des mobilités résidentielles et professionnelles. (Frédéric Gilli, Hubert Jayet, Hakim Hammadou) • Fonctionnement métropolitaine du Bassin parisien. Des espaces spécialisés dans le Bassin parisien. Les filières localisées au service de l'aménagement du territoire. (Frédéric Gilli)
Urban boundaries and margins : Urban History Group 2008 conference
boundary, limite, espace urbain, histoire urbaine, exclusion, société urbaine
From the conference report : The fortieth meeting of the Urban History Group was held in Rutland Hall at the University of Nottingham on 27–28 March 2008. With over seventy delegates attending, the conference featured two days of seminars, discussion and socialising, all focussed on the subject of ‘Urban Boundaries and Margins’. Papers available as full text : M. Abraham - The summary courts and attitudes towards non lethal violence during the period 1887 - 1931 in Northampton and Nottingham B. Anderson - The Manchester Ramblers' Federation and urban/rural interaction, c1929 - 1936 Philip Baker - Parishes, parishiones and peripheries : Residence and status in early modern London Laura Balderstone - Semi-detached Britain? An analysis of social networks in outer fringe suburbia 1950 - 2005 V. Bickford-Smith - Creating South African green zones : Antiquarian history and the creation of urban boundaries in white South African imagination, 1940s to 1970s B. Bonomo - A shifting boundary : Domestic and public space in middle-class Rome, c1945 - 1973 A. Brown May - Lock up your roosters : City noises, public spaces, urban boundaries A. Buffa - Images of the Bronx and Naples : The media, the margins, and urban struggles, 1970s - 1980s C. Casson - Forgery in the market place : A study of six medieval English towns M. Dorey - Lewd, idle people selling corrupt, unwholesome food? The construction of street hawkers as the corruptive other in 17th century London records M. Flanagan - Pushing women to the margins in the patriarchal city : Chicago, Toronto, Dublin, and London, 1870s - 1940s J. Furnee - Ballots and boundaries. Social clubs and cultural associations in nineteenth-century The Hague B. Heller - Perception and practice of boundaries in London recreation, 1760 - 1820 Z. Kiss - Boundaries of the public scene : The case of Hungray in the 1860s R. Laitinen - The toll border and defining the urban in a seventeenth-century Swedish town C. LeThomas - Beyond the margins : Picasso and company in Montmartre R. Reichard - Curbs : Environmental control, social control M. Storey - Rural life and urbanisation in nineteenth century America : Urbanism beyond the city R. Verbruggen - Globalisation and city networks in late medieval and early modern Europe Ian West - Dawn on our darkness : Shining artificial light on early 19th century urban life V. Wolcott - Violence and racial boundaries : Recreation riots in post-WWII U.S. cities
Ambiance(s). Ville, architecture, paysages
Présentation de l'éditeur : Qu’est-ce qu’une ambiance ? Nous sommes tous sensibles à la perception immédiate d’un lieu, parfois "saisis" par son ambiance : lumières, sons, matières, flux, présences, échelle, volumes… nous partageons ces expériences sensibles sans difficulté, et pourtant la notion d’ambiance échappe à toute définition formelle. Depuis plus de 15 ans, la recherche architecturale et urbaine s’intéresse aux ambiances, domaine aujourd’hui en plein essor interdisciplinaire et international. Car "faire une ambiance", n’est-ce pas une finalité pour tout projet architectural et nombre de projets culturels ?
Picon-Lefebvre Virginie, Chabard Pierre, Le Défense, trente Glorieuses, quartier d'affaires, opération d'urbanisme, CNIT, histoire urbaine, cartographie, politique de la ville
Présentation par l'éditeur : Sur une idée de l’Etablissement Public d’Aménagement de La Défense Seine Arche, les Editions Parenthèses ont décidé de publier un Dictionnaire et un Atlas de La Défense dont le but est de retracer l’histoire de l’Opération d’Intérêt National depuis ses origines en 1951 à nos jours. La construction du CNIT en 1958 marquant dans les esprits les débuts du projet. Ces ouvrages sont le fruit d'un travail scientifique et cartographique mené sous la direction de Pierre Chabard, architecte et historien, docteur en architecture, enseignant à l’Ecole nationale supérieure d’architecture, de la ville et des territoires, Marne-la-Vallée, directeur de l’Observatoire de la condition suburbaine (OCS), membre de l’UMR Ausser, et de Virginie Picon-Lefebvre, architecte-urbaniste, docteur en histoire, enseignant à l’Ecole nationale supérieure d’architecture Paris-Malaquais, membre fondateur du laboratoire Infrastructure, Architecture, Territoire (Liat) et de l’agence ARAV. Créée il y a plus d’un demi-siècle, La Défense se trouve durablement inscrite dans la métropole francilienne. Fruit des ambitions de l’après-guerre, elle a traversé les Trente Glorieuses et a évolué au rythme de la société française. A travers cent vingt-huit notices illustrées, le Dictionnaire retrace l’histoire de ce territoire exceptionnel qui d’une rive à l’autre de la Seine prolonge l’axe majeur de Paris. Historiens, architectes, urbanistes, ingénieurs, sociologues, économistes… quarante-trois auteurs analysent La Défense sous trois angles principaux : architectural et urbain, social et culturel, politique et économique. Au moyen d’une collection de documents et photographies, d’une frise chronologique et d’une série de cartes historiques et thématiques, l’Atlas synthétise, quant à lui, cette histoire en un récit visuel.
Pierre Chabard et de Virginie Picon-Lefebvre (dir.)
Franges urbaines et confins territoriaux. La Gaule dans l'empire
archéologie, frange urbaine, périphérie, périurbain
Présentation par l'éditeur : "Périphérie", "périurbain", "suburbain", "franges", "confins" ... sont autant de termes désignant ce qui borde, entoure, cerne, une entité spatiale comme l'agglomération urbaine ou un territoire de cité. Nous nous interrogerons sur la validité de tels termes, sur ce qu'ils supposent et définissent : comment caractériser ces espaces périphériques et quelle réalité recouvrent-ils ? Les modalités de description sont-elles objectives, que cherche-t-on ainsi à isoler d'un " centre " a priori mieux défini ? Si nous partons d'un schéma centrifuge avec un point focal et sa périphérie, fait-on nécessairement appel à la notion de " limites " pour distinguer ces deux espaces ? Comment se caractérisent alors ces limites et qu'impliquent-elles en retour, influent-t-elles concrètement sur l'espace/les espaces et la perception que nous en avons ? En filigrane, il s'agira aussi de mieux appréhender le rôle de l'archéologie dans la fabrique de ces différents concepts spatiaux, ainsi que dans l'acquisition et l'interprétation de données concrètes. Cet ouvrage constitue les actes d'un colloque international qui s'est tenu, à Versailles, du 29 février au 03 mars 2012. Bertrand Triboulot est ingénieur d’études en archéologie au Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, en poste au service régional d’archéologie d’Ile-de-France.
Les pratiques artistiques et culturelles des habitants de la Métropole lilloise
culture, politique culturelle, pratiques artistiques, mobilité, Lille, Le Quéau Pierre, Guillon Vincent
Les pratiques artistiques et culturelles des habitants de la Métropole lilloise : les territoires de la culture de Lille Métropole. Présentation par l'éditeur : Dans le contexte actuel d'interrogations sur le sens des politiques culturelles publiques, de nombreuses collectivités territoriales souhaiteraient mieux connaître les publics de l'offre culturelle qu'elles soutiennent, et au-delà, mieux appréhender les pratiques artistiques et culturelles de leurs populations afin d'orienter leur intervention plus justement. Il existe cependant très peu de données sur ce sujet (en dehors des chiffres de fréquentation produits par les équipements culturels, et des enquêtes nationales sur les pratiques culturelles). C'est dans cette perspective de travail que la Communauté urbaine de Lille Métropole et la Direction régionale des affaires culturelles du Nord-Pas-de-Calais se sont associées à l'Observatoire des politiques culturelles pour mener une enquête sur les pratiques et les représentations des habitants de ce territoire dans le domaine de l'art et de la culture. L'étude porte sur l'ensemble du champ culturel (spectacle vivant, expositions, cinéma, médiathèques…). Elle s'intéresse tout particulièrement aux questions d'accessibilité géographique et symbolique de l'offre culturelle et au thème de la (non) mobilité choisie ou subie des populations dans ce domaine. L’étude fait apparaître des dynamiques culturelles remarquables sur le territoire de Lille Métropole. Elle vise à doter les acteurs du territoire de repères sur les pratiques artistiques et culturelles de ses habitants, dans un contexte institutionnel, social et économique en profond bouleversement, et alors que le champ culturel et artistique doit répondre à de nouveaux enjeux. Pierre Le Quéau est maître de conférences en sociologie à l’université Pierre Mendès France – PACTE-CNRS (Grenoble). Vincent Guillon est politologue, chercheur associé à PACTE-CNRS (Grenoble).
Pierre Le Quéau et Vincent Guillon