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                <text>Bilan et réflexion sur l'expérience de planification urbaine au Caire au cours des 30 dernières années à travers l'étude des schémas directeurs de 1953, 1970 et 1981, tels sont les deux thèmes abordés par l'article. Pour chacun des 3 schémas directeurs sont analysés le contexte politique, économique et social de leur élaboration, les procédures d'élaboration, les options prises et les modalités de mise en oeuvre qui reflètent la nature de l'Etat et des alliances de classe.</text>
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                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:30093</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:30093</text>
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                <text>El Kadi Galila. Trente ans de planification urbaine au Caire. In : Abdel-Fadil M. (ed.), Roussillon A. (ed.)  Egypte : années 80 : éléments pour un bilan de l'"ouverture". Revue Tiers-Monde, 1990, 31 (121), p. 185-207. </text>
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                <text>ANALYSE MULTIVARIABLE</text>
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                <text>Systèmes d'information pour l'environnement</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:35111</text>
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                <text>Aubertin Catherine, Peluso M.L. Du symbole au lot semi-urbanisé : les politiques de l'habitat dans le District Fédéral (Brasilia D.F.). Cahiers des Sciences Humaines, 1990, 26 (4), p. 731-747. </text>
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                <text>CEPED</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>MARIAGE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359927">
                <text>CELIBAT</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359928">
                <text>FEMME</text>
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                <text>MILIEU URBAIN</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359930">
                <text>STATUT SOCIOECONOMIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359931">
                <text>COMPORTEMENT</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359932">
                <text>CHANGEMENT SOCIAL</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359933">
                <text>GROUPE D'AGE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359934">
                <text>La montée du célibat féminin dans les villes africaines : trois cas : Pikine, Abidjan et Brazzaville</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>SENEGAL</text>
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                <text>DAKAR</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359886">
                <text>COTE D'IVOIRE</text>
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                <text>ABIDJAN</text>
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                <text>MAURITANIE</text>
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                <text>NOUAKCHOTT</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359891">
                <text>Savané, L.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>L'urbanisation rapide est une des caractéristiques majeures des pays du Tiers-Monde. L'Afrique Noire, au taux de croissance démographique élevé, est la région du monde où le taux d'urbanisation croit actuellement le plus rapidement, passant de 12 a 30 % entre 1950 et 1980. Certes la région reste encore peu urbanisée, au regard de l'Europe et de l'Amérique latine, mais le rythme de la croissance urbaine qui a été observé ces dernières décennies pose des problèmes graves et complexes qu'il faut étudier et résoudre. Cette croissance urbaine résulte d'une accélération des flux migratoires à partir des années 60. Dans cette communication on s'efforcera de dégager les grandes caractéritiques de l'urbanisation en Afrique, et l'on examinera plus particulièrement le cas de trois villes ouest-africaines : Dakar, Abidjan et Nouakchot ; enfin, on proposera, à partir de l'examen des tentatives observées à ce jour, des stratégies nouvelles pour aborder les problèmes de l'urbanisation en Afrique</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359894">
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359895">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:35234</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359896">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:35234</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359897">
                <text>Antoine Philippe, Savané L. Urbanisation et migration en Afrique. In :   The role of migration in African development : issues and policies for the 90s. Dakar : UEPA, 1990, p. 55-81. The Role of Migration in African Developpement : Issues and Policies for the 90S, Nairobi (KEN), 1990/02/24-28</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359898">
                <text>FR</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359899">
                <text>UEPA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359900">
                <text>URBANISATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359901">
                <text>MIGRATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359902">
                <text>CROISSANCE DEMOGRAPHIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359903">
                <text>CROISSANCE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359904">
                <text>SOCIETE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359905">
                <text>POLITIQUE DEMOGRAPHIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359906">
                <text>Urbanisation et migration en Afrique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359907">
                <text>The role of migration in African development : issues and policies for the 90s</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359908">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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  <item itemId="21349" public="1" featured="0">
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      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359854">
                <text>SENEGAL</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359855">
                <text>Antoine, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359856">
                <text>Bocquier, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359857">
                <text>Fall, Abdou Salam</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359858">
                <text>Guisse, Youssouf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359859">
                <text>1990</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359860">
                <text>Cette étude pluridisciplinaire consiste à voir comment, dans un contexte d'aggravation de la crise économique ont évolué les conditions et les modalités de l'insertion urbaine, et se sont modifiés des relations des migrants avec leur milieu d'origine. Pour réaliser cet objectif, plusieurs investigations ont été menées : une enquête ménage légère, une enquête biographique et des études sociologiques et anthropologiques afin de mieux saisir les autres composantes de la sociabilité urbaine ainsi que les relations entre migration et évolution des statuts féminins</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359861">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359862">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:35232</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359863">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:35232</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359864">
                <text>Antoine Philippe, Bocquier Philippe, Fall Abdou Salam, Guisse Youssouf. Etude de l'insertion urbaine des migrants, approche biographique et réseaux sociaux : présentation de la méthodologie de l'enquête menée à Dakar (Sénégal). In :   The role of migration in African development : issues and policies for the 90s. Dakar : UEPA, 1990, p. 813-831. The Role of Migration in African Development : Issues and Policies for the 90S, Nairobi (KEN), 1990/02/24-28</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359865">
                <text>FR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359866">
                <text>UEPA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359867">
                <text>ENQUETE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359868">
                <text>MIGRATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359869">
                <text>SOCIETE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359870">
                <text>ENTRAIDE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359871">
                <text>URBANISATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359872">
                <text>BIOGRAPHIE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359873">
                <text>MENAGE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359874">
                <text>RAPPORTS SOCIAUX</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359875">
                <text>INDICATEUR SOCIOECONOMIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359876">
                <text>METHODE D'ANALYSE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359877">
                <text>VILLE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359878">
                <text>INSERTION URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359879">
                <text>RECHERCHE PLURIDISCIPLINAIRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359880">
                <text>RESEAU SOCIAL</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359881">
                <text>Etude de l'insertion urbaine des migrants, approche biographique et réseaux sociaux : présentation de la méthodologie de l'enquête menée à Dakar (Sénégal)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359882">
                <text>The role of migration in African development : issues and policies for the 90s</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359883">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="21348" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="32">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359837">
                <text>BOLIVIE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359838">
                <text>LA PAZ</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359839">
                <text>Franqueville, André</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359840">
                <text>1990</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359841">
                <text>L'histoire du système urbain bolivien reflète étroitement celle de l'exploitation minière qui fit, jusqu'à ces dernières années, la réputation du pays. Au début du 18ème siècle, Potosi était, grâce à ses célèbres mines d'argent, l'une des plus grandes villes du monde de l'époque; elle déclina ensuite rapidement, rattrapée par Oruro, qui devint au cours du 18ème siècle le grand centre de production de l'étain. Au 19ème siècle s'affirme la prééminence de La Paz devenue capitale, suivie de Cochabamba dont la place de seconde lui est ensuite ravie par Santa Cruz, en plein essor aujourd'hui. La colonisation agricole de l'Oriente remplace à présent l'exploitation minière dans sa fonction urbanisante. Avec plus d'un million d'habitants sur les six et demi que compte la Bolivie, La Paz demeure cependant la plus grande ville du pays. Le site étroit sur lequel elle est née, celui de la vallée du rio Chukiyapu à 3600 m d'altitude, ne pouvait cependant pas suffire longtemps à l'accueil d'une population dont le taux de croissance annuel se situe actuellement entre 4 et 5 %. Une fois occupés les flancs raides de la vallée, le développement de la Paz consiste en un double mouvement de descente vers la zone sud et de remontée vers l'amont, d'abord vers la bordure de l'Altiplano, puis sur l'Altiplano lui-même où El Alto, à 4000 m d'altitude, constitue aujourd'hui, avec ses quelques 600 000 habitants, un dédoublement de la ville originelle. (Résumé d'auteur)</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359842">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359843">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:31243</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359844">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:31243</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359845">
                <text>Franqueville André. Villes et réseau urbain de Bolivie. Cahiers d'Outre-Mer, 1990, 43 (171), p. 273-288. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359846">
                <text>FR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359847">
                <text>VILLE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359848">
                <text>ARMATURE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359849">
                <text>CROISSANCE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359850">
                <text>URBANISME</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="359851">
                <text>SEGREGATION SOCIALE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359852">
                <text>Villes et réseau urbain de Bolivie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="359853">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
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      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>CENTRE URBAIN SECONDAIRE</text>
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                <text>EVOLUTION</text>
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                <text>CONCEPT</text>
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                <text>Pour une approche non fonctionnaliste du milieu urbain africain</text>
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                <text>Croissance démographique et urbanisation : politiques de peuplement et aménagement du territoire</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <name>Format</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359792">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:30432</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359793">
                <text>Dureau Françoise. Indications bibliographiques. In : Dureau Françoise (ed.).  Dossier sur la télédétection urbaine à l'ORSTOM. Villes et Citadins du Tiers-Monde.Cahiers, 1990, p. 97-108. </text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>MILIEU URBAIN</text>
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                <text>BIBLIOGRAPHIE</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:30430</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359777">
                <text>Cherel Jean-Philippe, Chaume Régine. Utilisation de la télédétection dans le programme urbanisation et santé à Pikine (Dakar). In : Dureau Françoise (ed.).  Dossier sur la télédétection urbaine à l'ORSTOM. Villes et Citadins du Tiers-Monde.Cahiers, 1990, p. 77-82. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="359780">
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              <elementText elementTextId="359781">
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                <text>SANTE</text>
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                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:30429</text>
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                <text>Eberhard Jean-Michel. Analyse de la croissance urbaine de Mexico sur images satellitaires. In : Dureau Françoise (ed.).  Dossier sur la télédétection urbaine à l'ORSTOM. Villes et Citadins du Tiers-Monde.Cahiers, 1990, p. 69-75. </text>
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                <text>CROISSANCE URBAINE</text>
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                <text>TELEDETECTION SPATIALE</text>
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                <text>PROGRAMME DE RECHERCHE</text>
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                <text>Analyse de la croissance urbaine de Mexico sur images satellitaires</text>
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                <text>Dossier sur la télédétection urbaine à l'ORSTOM</text>
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