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                <text>(Re)reading the African urban landscape : Postamble (Vol. 4, No. 2)</text>
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                <text>, paysage urbain, littérature, film, photographie, espace urbain, santé, Africa, Afrique, O'Shaughnessy Emma Vivian</text>
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University of Cape Town Centre for African Studies

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                <text>&lt;b&gt;From the editorial by Emma Vivian O'Shaughnessy : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
We hope that this edition of postamble presents avenues through which readers can imagine a different type of urban language, one that accommodates the differences between all the world&amp;rsquo;s cities and one that has the capacity to deconstruct or dismantle the bifurcations traditionally established within the discourse of &amp;lsquo;the west&amp;rsquo; and &amp;lsquo;the rest.&amp;rsquo; This language must enable us to access and understand African cities, in all their manifestations. We do not seek to dismiss the harsh realities of most of Africa&amp;rsquo;s urban centres, the suffering of many of its peoples, nor the ways in which the distribution of power and wealth in African cities and states reflects the dominant world order. However, what we do seek to do here is to prompt an engagement with African urban discourse, to portray the routes that many have taken as they try to assess and redefine the potentials, as well as the pitfalls, of the African urban landscape. At the same time, we hope to contribute to this moment in urban history, where a new form of urban discourse and a powerful response to established world orders is emerging from spaces like Africa.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Contents : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
(Re)reading the African urban landscape - Emma Vivian O'Shaughnessy&lt;/div&gt;
African urban discourse : Invisible and reflexive practice in African cities - Emma Vivian O'Shaughnessy&lt;/div&gt;
Walking the city : Movement and space in Peter Abrahams' 'Mine Boy' - Megan Jones&lt;/div&gt;
Recreating the African city in Zakes Mda's Ways of Dying - Megan Cole Paustian&lt;/div&gt;
'Diseased dystopias'? HIV/AIDS and the South African city in 'Yesterday' and 'Tsotsi' - Rebecca Hodes&lt;/div&gt;
Crisis averted - Clare Butcher&lt;/div&gt;
Twin town - Svea Josephy&lt;/div&gt;
Soft city - Emma O'Shaughnessy&lt;/div&gt;
Book reviews&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Emma O'Shaughnessy &lt;/b&gt;is a graduate student in English language and literature at the University of Cape Town.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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We hear a lot about the poverty and chaos of African cities, but in this edition of Amsterdam Forum, urbanist Abdoumaliq Simone argues that there is also a ferment of resourcefulness that makes cities vibrant places. It takes many forms and needs to be understood, as it could well form an essential basis for urban development in Africa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Abdoumaliq Simone is an urbanist at Goldsmiths College, University of London. His career has encompassed both academia and social activism.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Professor Simone prefers to go &amp;quot;beyond alarmist discourses of impending slum wars, geopolitical instabilities, resource rushes and intensified impoverishment&amp;quot; and focus on the &amp;quot;efficacy&amp;quot; of African cities, particularly at survival strategies of people &amp;quot;below the radar&amp;quot; of social sciences.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;AbdouMaliq Simone &lt;/b&gt;is an urbanist and Professor of Sociology at Goldsmiths College, University of London.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Program in Urbanization and Migration, Princeton University
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In June 2003, PUM presided over a symposium that evaluated migration and urbanization in developing African countries in light of comparative evidence from Asia and Latin America. &lt;br /&gt;
Organizing the conference also brought into keen focus a significant gap in the field of migration research, namely the relationship between migration and environmental change.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Papers (only papers related to urban studies are listed) :  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Marcela Cerruti - Urbanization and internal migration patterns in Latin America&lt;/div&gt;
Bryan Roberts - Comparative systems : An overview&lt;/div&gt;
Abdou Maliq Simone - Moving towards uncertainty : Migration and the turbulence of African urban life&lt;/div&gt;
Peter Marcuse - Migration and urban spatial structure in a globalizing world : A comparative look&lt;/div&gt;
Graeme Hugo - Urbanization in Asia : An overview&lt;/div&gt;
Alejandro Portes - Urbanization in comparative perspective&lt;/div&gt;
C. Elisa Florez - Migration and the urban informal sector in Columbia&lt;/div&gt;
Patricia Fernandez-Kelly - The State and internal migration in Guadalajara and West Baltimore&lt;/div&gt;
Michel Garenne - Migration, urbanisation and child health in Africa : A global perspective&lt;/div&gt;
Burt Singer and Marcia Castro - Migration, urbanization and malaria : A comparative analysis of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Machadino, Rond&amp;ocirc;nia, Brazil&lt;/div&gt;
Mark VanLandingham - Impacts of rural to urban migration on the health of young adult migrants in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Africa is the fastest urbanising region in the world, and has become the focus of increasing attention from architects and planners, academics, development agencies and urban think-tanks. Professor Edgar Pieterse argues for a new way of thinking about African cities to accompany this surge of interest and to replace traditional views of African cities as sites of absence and neglect. Rapid urbanisation along with impressive economic growth rates for much of the Continent represents an interesting moment to take stock of how academic discourses capture and animate African urbanism.&lt;/div&gt;
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Capital cities today remain central to both nations and states. They host centres of political power, not only national, but in some cases regional and global as well, thus offering major avenues to success, wealth and privilege. For these reasons capitals simultaneously become centres of 'counter-power', locations of high-stakes struggles between the government and the opposition.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This volume focuses on capital cities in nine sub-Saharan African countries, and traces how the power vested in them has evolved through different colonial backgrounds, radically different kinds of regimes after independence, waves of popular protest, explosive population growth and in most cases stunted economic development. Starting at the point of national political emancipation, each case study explores the complicated processes of nation-state building through its manifestation in the 'urban geology' of the city &amp;ndash; its architecture, iconography, layout and political use of urban space. Although the evolution of each of these cities is different, they share a critical demographic feature: an extraordinarily rapid process of urbanisation that is more politically than economically driven. Overwhelmed by the inevitable challenges resulting from this urban sprawl, the governments seated in most of these capital cities are in effect both powerful &amp;ndash; wielding power over their populace &amp;ndash; and powerless, lacking power to implement their plans and to provide for their inhabitants.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In its concentration on urban forms of multi-layered power, symbolic as well as material, Capital Cities in Africa cuts a new path in the rich field of studies related to African cities and politics. It will be of interest to scholars in a wide range of disciplines, from political history, to sociology, to geography, architecture and urban planning.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Contents:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Simon Bekker and G&amp;ouml;ran Therboro - Introduction&lt;/div&gt;
Odile Goerg - Conakry&lt;/div&gt;
Amadou Diop - Dakar&lt;/div&gt;
Phillippe Gervais-Lambony - Lom&amp;eacute;&lt;/div&gt;
Laurent Fouchard - Lagos&lt;/div&gt;
Wale Adebanwi - Abuja&lt;/div&gt;
Gabriel Tati - Brazzaville&lt;/div&gt;
Samuel Owuor and Teresa Mbatia - Nairobi&lt;/div&gt;
Paul Jenkins - Maputo and Luanda&lt;/div&gt;
Alan Mabin - South African capital cities&lt;/div&gt;
G&amp;ouml;ran Therborn and Simon Bekker - Conclusion&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Simon Bekker&lt;/b&gt; is a South African sociologist who has served as Professor of Development Studies at Rhodes University, and as Director of the Centre for Social and Development Studies at the (then) University of Natal. He is currently Emeritus Professor in Sociology at the University of Stellenbosch.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;G&amp;ouml;ran Therborn&lt;/b&gt; is an international Swedish sociologist who has served as Professor of Sociology at Cambridge and Uppsala Universities, as Professor of Politics in Nijmegen Netherlands, and as co-Director of the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study in the Social Sciences. He has launched a globally comparative project on Cities of Power, focusing on capital cities.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par le diffuseur :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;15 janvier 2011&lt;/b&gt; :&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Comment lutter contre l&amp;rsquo;invasion des d&amp;eacute;chets ?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Plastiques, organiques ou informatiques, les d&amp;eacute;chets sont le reflet de  notre consommation : ils envahissent les villes qui n&amp;rsquo;ont souvent pas  les moyens de les collecter et de les traiter. Pourtant, il existe de  nombreuses solutions pour les recycler et cr&amp;eacute;er des emplois.&lt;br /&gt;
Reportages de nos correspondants &amp;agrave; Lom&amp;eacute;, Niamey, N&amp;rsquo;Djamena et Dakar.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;16 janvier 2011 :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;1 et 2 - Valoriser les d&amp;eacute;chets : une opportunit&amp;eacute; &amp;eacute;conomique pour l&amp;rsquo;Afrique ?&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Recycler les sacs plastiques en v&amp;ecirc;tements ou en pav&amp;eacute;s, remonter des ordinateurs &amp;agrave; partir de d&amp;eacute;chets &amp;eacute;lectroniques, r&amp;eacute;cup&amp;eacute;rer le carton ou le m&amp;eacute;tal pour leur donner une deuxi&amp;egrave;me vie&amp;hellip;Les d&amp;eacute;chets envahissent les m&amp;eacute;gapoles africaines parce que les autorit&amp;eacute;s politiques ne s&amp;rsquo;y int&amp;eacute;ressent pas. Pourtant, avec un peu d&amp;rsquo;ing&amp;eacute;niosit&amp;eacute;, beaucoup de technique et une bonne &amp;eacute;tude de march&amp;eacute; : il y a de l&amp;rsquo;or dans les poubelles !&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Invit&amp;eacute;s :&lt;br /&gt;
Marie-Dominique de Suremain, charg&amp;eacute;e de mission &amp;agrave; Enda Europe&lt;br /&gt;
Elieth Eyebiyi, sociologue et ing&amp;eacute;nieur &amp;agrave; l&amp;rsquo;Universit&amp;eacute; d&amp;rsquo;Abomey Calavi et auteur de G&amp;eacute;rer les d&amp;eacute;chets m&amp;eacute;nagers en Afrique, le B&amp;eacute;nin entre local et global chez L&amp;rsquo;Harmattan&lt;br /&gt;
Amadou Diallo, coordinateur de Enda Ecopole &amp;agrave; Dakar.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Ces &amp;eacute;missions peuvent &amp;ecirc;tre &amp;eacute;cout&amp;eacute;es en ligne ou t&amp;eacute;l&amp;eacute;charg&amp;eacute; au format mp3 sur le site de RFI :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Comment lutter contre l&amp;rsquo;invasion des d&amp;eacute;chets ?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
1 - Valoriser les d&amp;eacute;chets : une opportunit&amp;eacute; &amp;eacute;conomique pour l&amp;rsquo;Afrique ?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2 - Valoriser les d&amp;eacute;chets : une opportunit&amp;eacute; &amp;eacute;conomique pour l&amp;rsquo;Afrique ?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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L'Harmattan

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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Au-del&amp;agrave; de la C&amp;ocirc;te d'Ivoire, l'&amp;eacute;tude explore des r&amp;eacute;alit&amp;eacute;s identiques qu'on peut observer sur le continent africain, o&amp;ugrave; les villes, au carrefour de plusieurs paradoxes, posent la probl&amp;eacute;matique de la pertinence des techniques d'am&amp;eacute;nagement utilis&amp;eacute;es et des outils de planification retenus.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Comment trouver un juste &amp;eacute;quilibre entre la modernit&amp;eacute; n&amp;eacute;cessaire et l'authenticit&amp;eacute; africaine indispensable au remodelage du tissu urbain du continent ?&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Paterne Y. Mambo&lt;/b&gt; est docteur en droit public de l'universit&amp;eacute; de Nantes et de Cocody (C&amp;ocirc;te d'Ivoire).&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Africa-Europe Group for Interdisciplinary Studies (AEGIS)

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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Organisers' description : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;List of papers (click on the panel name to access the full-text papers from that panel): &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Panel 140 : Navigating urban space&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Gabriella Korling - Negotiating rights to the city: the development of neighbourhoods in peri-urban Niamey, Niger&lt;/div&gt;
Maciej Kurcz - How to Survive in an African City? A Migrant in the Face of Urbanization Processes in the South Sudanese Juba&lt;/div&gt;
Ulrika Andersson - The Wrong Clothes: Reinterpreting Spaces in a Nigerian City&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Panel 56 : Fragmented and fluid urbanities&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Christine Hentschel - Navigating crime and the making of instant space, Durban South Africa&lt;br /&gt;
Edgar Pieterse - Exploratory Notes on African Urbanisms&lt;br /&gt;
Garth Myers - What if the Postmetropolis is Lusaka?&lt;br /&gt;
Laura Wenz - The rise of the creative economy in Cape Town/South Africa and its implications for urban development&lt;br /&gt;
Stephen Marr - No one can see if your belly is empty : The politics and performance of insurgent consumption in Gaborone, Botswana&lt;br /&gt;
William Freund - Kinshasa - The Congolese elite and the fragmented city&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Panel 51 : Spatial transformations in African towns&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Karin Pallaver - A second Zanzibar . Some notes on the history of precolonial and early colonial Tabora, Tanzania (1840-1912).&lt;br /&gt;
Kristina Helgesson Kjellin - Relating to the Durban Urban Space. Experiences of Spatial Transformations Among South African Pentecostals&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Karthala

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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
La croissance de la population urbaine est un trait majeur de l'Afrique contemporaine. Les villes millionnaires y sont de plus en plus nombreuses. Cette urbanisation entra&amp;icirc;ne de profondes mutations sociales et spatiales. Elle est difficilement ma&amp;icirc;tris&amp;eacute;e malgr&amp;eacute; les tentatives des pouvoirs publics d'apporter les investissements n&amp;eacute;cessaires et de mettre en place des cadres l&amp;eacute;gislatifs et r&amp;eacute;glementaires.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Aboutissement d'une enqu&amp;ecirc;te de terrain demand&amp;eacute;e par l'&lt;a href="http://www.uemoa.int" target="_blank"&gt;UEMOA&lt;/a&gt;, cet ouvrage nous livre une situation pr&amp;eacute;cise de la crise urbaine en m&amp;ecirc;me temps qu'il &amp;eacute;claire sur les d&amp;eacute;fis &amp;agrave; relever et sur les solutions &amp;agrave; mettre en oeuvre.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Les textes r&amp;eacute;unis dans cet ouvrage collectif s'attachent &amp;agrave; d&amp;eacute;cortiquer la notion &amp;quot;d'espace public&amp;quot;, en laissant appara&amp;icirc;tre, du Nord au Sud, de Barb&amp;egrave;s &amp;agrave; Ouagadougou, des interpr&amp;eacute;tations et des mani&amp;egrave;res diff&amp;eacute;rentes de l'utiliser. Il est urgent de s'interroger sur les modalit&amp;eacute;s de construction des espaces &amp;quot;en commun&amp;quot; et de se munir de nouveaux outils de projet.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
LAA&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Monica Coralli&lt;/b&gt; est architecte-urbaniste et g&amp;eacute;ographe, chercheure associ&amp;eacute;e au LAA.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par l'&amp;eacute;diteur :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le continent africain conna&amp;icirc;t le plus fort taux de croissance urbaine de la plan&amp;egrave;te. Les villes d'Afrique sub-saharienne &amp;agrave; elles seules vont accueillir plus de 300 millions d'habitants suppl&amp;eacute;mentaires dans les vingt prochaines ann&amp;eacute;es. Dans la plupart des pays du continent, la productivit&amp;eacute; &amp;eacute;conomique des villes et les conditions de vie des habitants sont d&amp;eacute;j&amp;agrave; aujourd&amp;rsquo;hui gravement affect&amp;eacute;es par les dysfonctionnements et le sous-&amp;eacute;quipement. Or, dans la majorit&amp;eacute; des cas, il semble que le retard des investissements urbains r&amp;eacute;alis&amp;eacute;s par rapport aux consid&amp;eacute;rables besoins induits par la croissance d&amp;eacute;mographique ne diminue pas mais, au contraire, s&amp;rsquo;aggrave. Un changement d&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;chelle dans les montants d&amp;rsquo;investissements s&amp;rsquo;impose pour que la ville puisse r&amp;eacute;ellement &amp;ecirc;tre le moteur de croissance et de cr&amp;eacute;ation d&amp;rsquo;emplois qu&amp;rsquo;elle a &amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute; pour les pays &amp;eacute;mergents en Asie. Parall&amp;egrave;lement &amp;agrave; la poursuite des efforts pour augmenter la solvabilit&amp;eacute; et am&amp;eacute;liorer la gouvernance des collectivit&amp;eacute;s, les modalit&amp;eacute;s et syst&amp;egrave;mes de financement sont &amp;agrave; repenser.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Le sujet du financement de l&amp;rsquo;investissement local s&amp;rsquo;inscrit dans les vastes ensembles des syst&amp;egrave;mes financiers nationaux et des finances des collectivit&amp;eacute;s territoriales. Ce dernier renvoie lui-m&amp;ecirc;me &amp;agrave; une s&amp;eacute;rie de th&amp;egrave;mes, comme la d&amp;eacute;centralisation, la fiscalit&amp;eacute; locale, l&amp;rsquo;encadrement de l&amp;rsquo;endettement sous-souverain, la gouvernance urbaine, ainsi qu&amp;rsquo;&amp;agrave; des politiques sectorielles, en particulier celles du foncier, de l&amp;rsquo;am&amp;eacute;nagement et de l&amp;rsquo;habitat.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Ce livre propose une synth&amp;egrave;se et une mise en perspective &amp;ndash; rarement effectu&amp;eacute;es &amp;ndash; de ces diff&amp;eacute;rents sujets. Il offre un &amp;eacute;clairage m&amp;eacute;thodologique de la probl&amp;eacute;matique de l&amp;rsquo;investissement local &amp;agrave; l&amp;rsquo;usage des d&amp;eacute;cideurs et des op&amp;eacute;rationnels. En s&amp;rsquo;appuyant sur une s&amp;eacute;rie d&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;tudes de cas africains et sur un grand nombre d&amp;rsquo;exemples dans d&amp;rsquo;autres parties du monde, il propose des pistes concr&amp;egrave;tes pour moderniser les syst&amp;egrave;mes de financement de l&amp;rsquo;investissement, promouvoir l&amp;rsquo;implication du secteur priv&amp;eacute;, le recours &amp;agrave; des solutions endog&amp;egrave;nes et mobiliser de nouvelles sources de financement.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; La crise financi&amp;egrave;re r&amp;eacute;cente a mis en &amp;eacute;vidence l&amp;rsquo;imbrication profonde des finances des collectivit&amp;eacute;s territoriales et des politiques de l&amp;rsquo;habitat avec l&amp;rsquo;ensemble des syst&amp;egrave;mes financiers et de l&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;conomie. De ce point de vue, le financement de l&amp;rsquo;investissement local peut &amp;ecirc;tre vu comme un fil rouge dans la lecture d&amp;rsquo;un syst&amp;egrave;me complexe de questions devenues essentielles pour les soci&amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute;s du continent africain.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Sommaire&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; 1. Le financement de l'investissement local : rappel de quelques fondamentaux&lt;br /&gt; 2. Le contexte de l'urbanisation et les politiques sectorielles&lt;br /&gt; 3. La d&amp;eacute;centralisation, les services de base et la gouvernance locale&lt;br /&gt; 4. Le cadre du financement de l'investissement, les nouveaux financements&lt;br /&gt; 5. Horizon 2030-2050 : quelle(s) feuille(s) de route ?&lt;br /&gt; 6. &amp;Eacute;tudes de cas : huit ensembles pays-outils de financement&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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Elieth P. Eyebiyi</text>
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D&amp;eacute;cembre 2010

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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
L'incapacit&amp;eacute; des Etats africains &amp;agrave; g&amp;eacute;rer leurs d&amp;eacute;chets m&amp;eacute;nagers au  lendemain de la d&amp;eacute;mocratisation a ouvert la voie &amp;agrave; l'intervention des  collectivit&amp;eacute;s locales.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dans l'ar&amp;egrave;ne sociale cr&amp;eacute;&amp;eacute;e par le nouveau  contexte de la d&amp;eacute;centralisation, force est de constater qu'au-del&amp;agrave; d'une  simple &amp;eacute;conomie des d&amp;eacute;chets, des logiques de r&amp;eacute;seaux se mettent en  marche. Les interactions auxquelles elles donnent lieu &amp;eacute;clairent des  processus de structuration o&amp;ugrave; perceptions anthropologiques et recours  modernes entrent en n&amp;eacute;gociation. A partir de travaux effectu&amp;eacute;s au B&amp;eacute;nin  sur les dynamiques locales g&amp;eacute;n&amp;eacute;r&amp;eacute;es par un enjeu global, l'auteur expose  dans une posture sociologique l'essence des relations sociales qui  animent et vivifient le microcosme des d&amp;eacute;chets m&amp;eacute;nagers.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il explicite  les rapports strat&amp;eacute;giques engendr&amp;eacute;s par des logiques d'acteurs, de  n&amp;eacute;gociations et de conflits, ainsi que les savoirs et les r&amp;ocirc;les. Avec  rigueur et sensibilit&amp;eacute;, cet ouvrage confirme que les dynamiques locales,  endog&amp;egrave;nes et exog&amp;egrave;nes, sont le moteur du changement social. L'auteur  offre ici une nouvelle lecture des interactions humaines dans le  processus du d&amp;eacute;veloppement local en Afrique.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Elieth P. Eyebiyi&lt;/b&gt; est ing&amp;eacute;nieur des t&amp;eacute;l&amp;eacute;communications, sociologue sp&amp;eacute;cialiste du d&amp;eacute;veloppement, doctorant &amp;agrave; l'Universit&amp;eacute; d'Abontey-Calavi au B&amp;eacute;nin.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>, urbanisation, croissance urbaine, planification, mondialisation, pays en développement, developing countries, Asia, Asie, Africa, Afrique, mégapole, Birch Eugenie L., Wachter Susan M.</text>
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                <text>NC</text>
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                <text>December 2010 </text>
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                <text>University of Pennsylvania Press </text>
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                <text>384</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; For the first time in history, the majority of the world's population lives in urban areas. Much of this urbanization has been fueled by the rapidly growing cities of the developing world, exemplified most dramatically by booming megacities such as Lagos, Karachi, and Mumbai. In the coming years, as both the number and scale of cities continue to increase, the most important matters of social policy and economic development will necessarily be urban issues. Urbanization, across the world but especially in Asia and Africa, is perhaps the critical issue of the twenty-first century.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Global Urbanization surveys essential dimensions of this growth and begins to formulate a global urban agenda for the next half century. Drawing from many disciplines, the contributors tackle issues ranging from how cities can keep up with fast-growing housing needs to the possibilities for public-private partnerships in urban governance. Several essays address the role that cutting-edge technologies such as GIS software, remote sensing, and predictive growth models can play in tracking and forecasting urban growth. Reflecting the central importance of the Global South to twenty-first-century urbanism, the volume includes case studies and examples from China, India, Uganda, Kenya, and Brazil.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; While the challenges posed by large-scale urbanization are immense, the future of human development requires that we find ways to promote socially inclusive growth, environmental sustainability, and resilient infrastructure. The timely and relevant scholarship assembled in Global Urbanization will be of great interest to scholars and policymakers in demography, geography, urban studies, and international development.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;b&gt;Eugenie L. Birch&lt;/b&gt; is Lawrence C. Nussdorf Professor of Urban Research and Education, Department of City and Regional Planning, PennDesign. &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Susan M. Wachter&lt;/b&gt; is Richard B. Worley Professor of Financial Management and Professor of Real Estate and Finance at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and Professor of City and Regional Planning at PennDesign.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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                <text>Ouvrage</text>
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        <name>Wachter Susan M.</name>
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