Governing polarized cities
, collectivités locales, gouvernance, ségrégation urbaine, conflit urbain, politique de la ville, Bollens Scott, Brussels, Bruxelles, Johannesburg, Belfast, Sarajevo, Jerusalem, Jérusalem, Baghdad, Bagdad, Kirkuk, Kirkouk
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor : </b></div>
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This article provides a comparative analysis of different institutional approaches to dealing with antagonistic group identity claims on the city. I discuss Brussels, Johannesburg, Belfast, Sarajevo, Jerusalem, Baghdad, and Kirkuk. These cities are broken down into three categories—(1) cities that have utilized power sharing and forms of transitional democratization effectively enough that stability of the local and national state has occurred, (2) cities that have made some progress but are vulnerable to regression because local political arrangements are not sufficiently stabilizing, and (3) cities where power sharing is itself contested and a potential contributor to further instability. The case studies of local governance of polarized cites reported point to their institutional diversity, frequent fragility, and the evolutionary nature of even the “best case” examples. A difficult predicament is faced by local government reform in cities of inter-group conflict. Shared local governance arrangements need to produce measurable differences on the ground in the short term sufficient to allow institutional legitimacy. Yet, necessary power-sharing limitations on local democracy may make local government less effective in producing these needed tangible changes.</div>
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<b>Scott Bollens </b>is the Warmington Chair in Peace and International Cooperation and a Professor in the Department of Planning, Policy and Design at the University of California, Irvine.</div>
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available to download</a> from the University of Pennsylvania (scroll down or search for the PDF link).</div>
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Scott Bollens
28 October 2008
http://www.polisci.upenn.edu/ppec/sawyer/Speakers/Scott_Bollens.html
Reforming urban labor : Routes to the city, roots in the country
, histoire urbaine, travail, logement, politique du logement, politique urbaine, banlieue populaire, gestion locale, développement urbain, déplacement de population, histoire de l'urbanisme, Brussels, Bruxelles, London, Londres, nineteenth century, dix-neuvième siècle, Polasky Janet L.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>
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Reforming Urban Labor is a history of the nineteenth-century social reforms designed by middle-class progressives to domesticate the labor force. Industrial production required a concentrated labor force, but the swelling masses of workers in the capitals of Britain and Belgium, the industrial powerhouses of Europe, threatened urban order. At night, after factories had closed, workers and their families sheltered in the shadowy alleyways of Brussels and London. Reformers worked to alleviate the danger, dispersing the laborers and their families throughout the suburbs and the countryside. National governments subsidized rural housing construction and regulated workmen's trains to transport laborers nightly away from their urban work sites and to bring them back again in the mornings; municipalities built housing in the suburbs. On both sides of the Channel, respectable working families were removed from the rookeries and isolated from the marginally employed, planted out beyond the cities where they could live like, but not with, the middle classes.<br />
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In Janet L. Polasky's urban history, comparisons of the two capitals are interwoven in the context of industrial Europe as a whole. Reforming Urban Labor sets urban planning against the backdrop of idealized rural images, links transportation and housing reform, investigates the relationship of middle-class reformers with industrial workers and their families, and explores the cooperation as well as the competition between government and the private sector in the struggle to control the built environment and its labor force.</div>
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<b>Janet L. Polasky</b> is Presidential Professor of History and Women's Studies at the University of New Hampshire.</div>
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Janet L. Polasky
Cornell University Press
July 2010
264
Ouvrage
Towards undivided cities in Western Europe: New challenges for urban policy. Part 4: Brussels
conomie, politique urbaine, politique du logement, ségrégation urbaine, ségrégation résidentielle, logement, logement social, mixité sociale, Brussels, Bruxelles, Winter M. de, Musterd Sako
<div>See also the other books in this series:</div>
Part 1: The Hague (not available online)</div>
Part 2: Barcelona</a></div>
Part 3: Birmingham</a></div>
Part 5: Frankfurt</a></div>
Part 6: Lille</a></div>
Part 7: Comparative analysis</a></div>
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M. De Winter
S. Musterd
Delft University Press
1998
51
Ouvrage
http://repository.tudelft.nl/view/ir/uuid:14141c58-f137-47de-afcd-0c257b936da6