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Title
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Textes
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Crévilles
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Native place, city, and nation: Regional networks and identities in Shanghai, 1853-1937
Subject
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China, Chine, Shanghai, migration urbaine, histoire urbaine, emotion, émotion, société urbaine, social order, ordre social, identité, Goodman Bryna
Creator
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Bryna Goodman
Date
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1995
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University of California Press
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http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft0m3nb066/
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368
Description
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<div><b>Extract from the Introduction:</b></div>
</div>
This study explores social practices and rituals related to xxiangyi , also called xiangqing and ziyi , Chinese expressions for the sentiment that binds people from the same native place. This sentiment, and the social institutions which expressed it, profoundly shaped the nature and development of modern Chinese urban society. The two quotations which begin this chapter suggest twin aspects of urban social organization and behavior that correspond to native-place sentiment. The account in the 1907 Shanghai gazetteer describes organization by native place as a necessary, natural, specifically Chinese and indeed "morally excellent" response to the dangers posed by urban admixture and anomie. Daotai Intendment Wu XU's description of the city under his jurisdiction indicates a possible drawback to the "moral excellence" of native-place sentiment, suggesting that, when individuals from different native-place groups mixed together on a city street, they felt no common identity as Chinese. The chapters which follow address these themes—the prominence of native-place sentiment and organization in Chinese cities and the influence of such ideas and social formations on city life, social order and urban and national identity.<br />
<br />
The study is based on Shanghai and covers nearly a century, from the opening of the city to foreign trade in 1843 to the establishment of Guomindang dominance in the Nanjing decade (1927-37). Throughout this period immigrant groups from other areas of China dominated Shanghai's rapidly expanding urban population, which more than quadrupled in the nineteenth century. Shanghai's population in 1800 was between one-quarter and one-third million. By 1910 it was 1.3 million. It doubled again by 1927, to 2.6 million. Throughout the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, immigrants comprised at least 75 percent of the total figure. Some of these immigrants came to Shanghai to explore economic opportunities; others came in waves to flee war and famine in their native place.<br />
<br />
Combining forces to meet the imperatives of their new urban surroundings, these immigrants formed native-place associations, huiguan and tongxianghui. Such associations and the sentiments which engendered them were formative elements of Shanghai's urban environment throughout the late Qing and early Republican periods. Social, economic and political organization along lines of regional identity shaped the development of the city.</div>
</div>
<b>Contents:</b></div>
</div>
1. Introduction: The moral excellence of loving the group</div>
2. Foreign imperialism, immigration and disoder: Opium War aftermath and the Small Sword uprisong of 1853</div>
3. Community, hierarchy and authority: Elites and non-elites in the making of native-place culture during the late Qing</div>
4. Expansive practices: Charity, modern enterprise, the city and the state</div>
5. Native-place associations, foreign authority and early popular nationalism</div>
6. The native place and the nation: Anti-imperialist and republican revolutionary mobilization</div>
7. "Modern spirit," institutional change and the effects of warlord government associations in the early republic</div>
8. The native place and the state: Nationalism, state building and public maneuvering</div>
9. Conclusion: Culture, modernity and the sources of national identity</div>
</div>
<b>Bryna Goodman </b>is Professor and Director of Asian Studies in the Department of History, University of Oregon.</div>
</div>
Type
The nature or genre of the resource
Ouvrage
China
Chine
émotion
Goodman Bryna
histoire urbaine
identité
migration urbaine
ordre social
Shanghai
social order
société urbaine