After the factory : Reinventing America's industrial small cities
, ville en déclin, désindustrialisation, économie, renouvellement urbain, histoire urbaine, développement durable, développement urbain, United States, États-Unis, Connolly James J., mondialisation
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> </div> The most pressing question facing the small and mid-sized cities of America's industrial heartland is how to reinvent themselves. Once-thriving communities in the Northeastern and Midwestern U. S. have decayed sharply as the high-wage manufacturing jobs that provided the foundation for their prosperity disappeared. A few larger cities had the resources to adjust, but most smaller places that relied on factory work have struggled to do so. Unless and until they find new economic roles for themselves, the small cities will continue to decline.<br /> <br /> Reinventing these smaller cities is a tall order. A few might still function as nodes of industrial production. But landing a foreign-owned auto manufacturer or a green energy plant hardly solves every problem. The new jobs will not be unionized and thus will not pay nearly as much as the positions lost. The competition among localities for high-tech and knowledge economy firms is intense. Decaying towns with poor schools and few amenities are hardly in a good position to attract the "creative-class" workers they need. Getting to the point where they can lure such companies will require extensive retooling, not just economically but in terms of their built environment, cultural character, political economy, and demographic mix. Such changes often run counter to the historical currents that defined these places as factory towns.<br /> <br /> After the Factory examines the fate of industrial small cities from a variety of angles. It includes essays from a variety of disciplines that consider the sources and character of economic growth in small cities. They delve into the history of industrial small cities, explore the strategies that some have adopted, and propose new tacks for these communities as they struggle to move forward in the twenty-first century. Together, they constitute a unique look at an important and understudied dimension of urban studies and globalization.</div> </div> <b>Contents : </b></div> </div> Can They Do It? The Capacity of Small Rust-Belt Cities to Reinvent Themselves in a Global Economy - James. J. Connolly <br /> Model Cities, Mill Towns, and Industrial Peripheries: Small Industrial Cities in Twentieth-Century America - S. Paul O'Hara <br /> From Satellite City to Burb of the 'Burgh: DeIndustrialization and community Identity in Steubenvill, Ohio - Allen Dieterich-Ward <br /> Creating an "Image Center": Reimagining Omaha's Downtown and Riverfront, 1986-2003 - Janet R. Daly Bednarek <br /> The Gravity of Capital: Spatial and Economic Transformation in Muncie, Indiana, 1917-1940 - LaDale Winling <br /> Curing the Rustbelt?: Neoliberal Health Care, Class, and Race in Mansfield, Ohio - Alison D. Goebel <br /> Do Economic Growth Models Explain Midwest City Growth Differences? - Michael J. Hicks <br /> Explaining Household Income Patterns in Rural Midewestern Counties: The Importance of Being Urban - Thomas E. Lehman <br /> Small, Green, and Good: The Role of Neglected Cities in a Sustainable Future - Catherine Tumber</div> </div> <b>James J. Connolly </b>is professor of history and director of the Center for Middletown Studies at Bell State University.</div> </div>
NC
Lexington Books
October 2010
254
Ouvrage
America's shrinking cities
census, recensement, Detroit, décroissance, démographie, économie, États-Unis, United States, Rehm Diane, Chinni Dante, Hollander Justin, Schwarz Terri, Groves Robert
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor : </b></div>
</div>
New census results show Detroit has lost twenty-five percent of its population over the last decade. It's one of many cities adjusting to fewer residents. Diane and her guests discuss the reasons for the loss in population and the transitioning options for America's shrinking cities.</div>
</div>
<b>Diane Rehm </b>is an award-winning broadcaster who began her radio career in 1973.</div>
<b>Dante Chinni </b>is Director of the Jefferson Institute's Patchwork Nation project.</div>
Sunburnt Cities : The Great Recession, Depopulation and Urban Planning in the American Sunbelt</a>.</i></div>
<b>Terry Schwarz </b>is Director of Kent State University's Cleveland Urban Design Collaborative and Shrinking Cities Institute.</div>
<b>Robert Groves </b>is Director of the US Census Bureau.</div>
</div>
Diane Rehm,
Dante Chinni,
Justin Hollander,
Terry Schwarz,
Robert Groves
28 March 2011
http://thedianerehmshow.org/shows/2011-03-28/americas-shrinking-cities
American city planning since 1890
, aménagement urbain, histoire urbaine, histoire de l'urbanisme, États-Unis, United States, twentieth century, vingtième siècle, politique urbaine, Scott Mel
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>
</div>
City planning is an ancient activity but a modern profession. The city planning profession in the United States arose from the urban reform movements of the 1890s and early years of this century. Here, in a volume commissioned to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the American Institute of Planners, the author examines the beginnings of urban planning and traces its gradual emergence as a guiding influence in all levels of government. The book is remarkably comprehensive and includes a wealth of detail gleaned from hundreds of original documents and extensive interviews with pioneers of the profession. Mr Scott describes the political movements, the persons and institutions, the civic crises, the legislative struggles, and the sometimes serious reverses that comprise the principal elements in the planning story; perhaps more importantly, he gives much attention to the intellectual history of planning.</div>
</div>
The late <b>Mel Scott </b>was a planner, writer, lecturer and a research associate at the Institute of Governmental Studies, University of California, Berkeley.</div>
</div>
Mel Scott
University of California Press
1971
745
Ouvrage
http://www.ucpress.edu/op.php?isbn=9780520020511
American urban architecture : Catalysts in the design of cities
, aménagement urbain, aménagement, forme urbaine, développement urbain, United States, Etats-Unis, Attoe Wayne, Logan Donn
<div><b>From the preface : </b></div>
</div>
In pre-twentieth-century Europe, cities often reflected common ideas about the design of urban buildings. Typically the form of cities was cohesive, and public spaces were clearly defined because each building played a part in an ensemble. The individual structures on Kramgasse in Bern, Switzerland, were conceived in sympathy with their neighbors and in consideration of their role in defining an outdoor public room. The issue here is not whether these design gestures were spontaneous and purposeful or were required by public policy; rather, it is the common agreement that each building played an important part in continuously generating and regenerating urban places.<br />
<br />
In the twentieth century, urban form has derived more often from theory than from such a consensus. Contemporary European urban design theorists have tried to create a new consensus based on different attitudes toward urban form, attitudes often characterized by the terms functionalist, townscape, structuralist, and neo-rationalist (or rationalist). Our concern here is not the application of these attitudes in Europe but rather our belief that European urban design theory in the twentieth century has not provided a sound basis for American urban design. An appropriate urbanism for America must grow out of the inherent characteristics and conditions of American cities, not out of theories derived from an alien experience.<br />
<br />
Much recent urban development in the United States has been based on a pragmatic picking and choosing among European theories and precedents, with a few homegrown techniques thrown in. But the European theories are unconvincing in American contexts. Instead of the appliqué of imported ideas and homegrown methods, we need an urban design theory that is appropriate to American circumstances and allows architects, urban designers, and planners to develop a consensus about our own urban values.<br />
<br />
This book presents such a theory, which we call catalytic architecture. It describes the positive impact an individual urban building or project can have on subsequent projects and, ultimately, the form of a city. It encourages designers, planners, and policymakers to consider the chain-reactive potential of individual developments on civic growth and urban regeneration. It advocates design control as part of a catalytic strategy for urban design.</div>
</div>
</div>
Wayne Attoe
Donn Logan
University of California Press
1989
190
Ouvrage
http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft5k4006v5/
American urban form: A representative history
forme urbaine, histoire de l'urbanisme, histoire urbaine, États-Unis, United States, Warner Sam Bass, Whittemore Andrew H.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div>
</div>
American urban form--the spaces, places, and boundaries that define city life--has been evolving since the first settlements of colonial days. The changing patterns of houses, buildings, streets, parks, pipes and wires, wharves, railroads, highways, and airports reflect changing patterns of the social, political, and economic processes that shape the city. In this book, Sam Bass Warner and Andrew Whittemore map more than three hundred years of the American city through the evolution of urban form. They do this by offering an illustrated history of “the City”--a hypothetical city that exemplifies the American city’s transformation from village to merchant seaport, industrial city, multicentered metropolis, and, finally, regional metropolis that participates in both the local and the global. The book thereby offers a yardstick against which readers can measure the history of their city.<br />
<br />
Warner and Whittemore have constructed their hypothetical City from the histories of Boston, Philadelphia, and New York, focusing on commonalities that make up key patterns in American urban development. In an engaging text accompanied by Whittemore’s detailed, meticulous drawings, they chart the City’s changing boundaries, densities, building styles, transportation infrastructures, and population patterns. Planning for the future of cities, they remind us, requires an understanding of the forces that shaped the city’s past; these are the tools of urban change. The city’s protean, ever-changing nature offers each generation a fresh chance to reform (and re-form) it.<br />
<br />
<b>Sam Bass Warner</b> is a noted urban historian and Visiting Professor of Urban History at MIT.<br />
<b>Andrew H. Whittemore</b> is Assistant Professor in the Department of City and Regional Planning at the University of Texas Arlington.</div>
</div>
Sam Bass Warner
Andrew H. Whittemore
The MIT Press
March 2012
176
Ouvrage
Beyond privatopia : Rethinking residential private government
, gouvernance, coopérative d'habitants, privatisation, gated communities, logement, sciences politiques, politique du logement, États-Unis, United States, McKenzie Evan
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> </div> The rise of residential private governance may be the most extensive and dramatic privatization of public life in U.S. history. Private communities, often called common interest developments, are now home to almost one-fifth of the U.S. population—indeed, many localities have mandated that all new development be encompassed in a CID governed in a homeowners association (HOA). The ubiquity of private communities has changed the nature of local governance. Residents may like closer control of neighborhood services but may also find themselves contending with intrusions an elected government would not be allowed to make, like a ban on pets or yard decorations. And if things go wrong, the contracts residents must sign to purchase within the community give them little legal recourse.<br /> <br /> In Beyond Privatopia: Rethinking Residential Private Government, attorney and political science scholar Evan McKenzie explores emerging trends in private governments and competing schools of thought on how to operate them, from state oversight to laissez-faire libertarianism. The most common analyses see CIDs from a neoclassical economic, positive point of view. HoAs, this strain of analysis maintains, are more efficient and frugal than municipalities. And what could be more democratic than government of the neighbors, by the neighbors? But scholars coming from institutional analysis, communitarian, and critical urban theory frameworks see possible repercussions. These include a development’s failure leaving residents on the hook for crippling sums, capture or extension of the local state, and convergence of public and private local governments.<br /> <br /> “This is a human institution that involves millions of people, so we need to think about not just what it is but how it functions in our system of social organization,” McKenzie writes. Acknowledging the tug between regulating CIDs to prevent abuses and leaving them alone to ease burdens on neighborhood volunteer governance, McKenzie evaluates proposed reforms and thinks through their implications.</div> </div> <b>Evan McKenzie </b>is a lawyer, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Adjunct Instructor at The John Marshall Law School, Chicago and author of <i>Privatopia : Homeowner Associations and the Rise of Residential Private Governments </i>(1994 : Yale University Press).</div> </div>
Evan McKenzie
Urban Institute Press
May 2011
164
Ouvrage
Century of the city : No time to lose
, urbanisation, développement durable, développement urbain, croissance urbaine, aménagement urbain, pays en développement, États-Unis, United States, infrastructures, planification, vingt-et-unième siècle, twenty-first century, Peirce Neal R., Johnson Curtis W., Peters Farley M.
<b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>
</div>
One in every ten people lived in urban areas a century ago. Now, for the first time ever, most people live in cities. By 2050, the United Nations projects, almost three-quarters of the world's population will call urban areas home. The majority of this growth is centered in struggling, developing countries of the Global South, but cities in developed (or Global North) countries face increasingly complex challenges as well.<br />
<br />
Around the world, unplanned urban expansion is multiplying slums, overburdening housing, transportation and infrastructure systems, stifling economic growth, and leaving millions vulnerable to new environmental and health threats.<br />
<br />
To help manage and plan for this accelerating urbanization, the Rockefeller Foundation convened an exceptional group of urbanists--leading policy makers and government officials, finance experts, urban researchers, members of civil society organizations, and other innovators--for a Global Urban Summit at the Rockefeller Foundation Bellagio Center. This book shares their diverse perspectives, creative approaches, and urgent agenda for harnessing the vast opportunities of urbanization for a better world.</div>
</div>
<b>Neal R. Peirce </b>is a journalist and the author of such books as <i>The book of America : Inside 50 states today </i>(1983).</div>
<b>Curtis W. Johnson </b>is a public servant and analyst and the co-author of books including <i>Disrupting Class </i>(2008).</div>
<b>Farley M. Peters </b>is Manager and Vice-President of The Citistates Group.</div>
</div>
<b>NB : </b>The freely-available online version is text-only (i.e. without photographic images). The full print version with images may be ordered free of charge from the Rockefeller Foundation.</div>
</div>
Neal R. Peirce
Curtis W. Johnson
Farley M. Peters
Rockefeller Foundation
2009
447
Ouvrage
http://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/news/publications/century-city-no-time-lose
Cities and citizenship at the U.S.-Mexican border : The Paso del Norte metropolitan region
Paso del Norte, Ciudad Juárez, El Paso, États-Unis, Mexique, United States, Mexico, border, frontière, violence urbaine, économie, mondialisation, sécurité, espace urbain, service public, pauvreté, immigration, éducation, gouvernance, Staudt Kathleen, Fuentes César M., Monárrez Fragoso Julia E.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> </div> At the center of the 2,000 mile U.S.-Mexico border, a sprawling transnational urban space has mushroomed into a metropolitan region with over two million people whose livelihoods depend on global manufacturing, cross-border trade, and border control jobs. Our volume advances knowledge on urban space, gender, education, security, and work, focusing on Ciudad Juárez, the export-processing (maquiladora) manufacturing capital of the Americas and the infamous site of femicide and outlier murder rates connected with arms and drug trafficking. Given global economic trends, this transnational urban region is a likely paradigmatic future for other world regions.</div> </div> <b>Contents : </b></div> </div> Preface: Living and Working in a Global Manufacturing Border Urban Space: A Paradigm for the Future? - Kathleen Staudt <br /> THE GLOBAL ECONOMIC MODEL <br /> Globalization, Trans-border Networks, and Mexico-U.S. Border Cities - César M. Fuentes and Sergio Peña <br /> SECTION I: SECURITY AND SAFETY IN THE BORDER REGION <br /> Death at the Border - Julia Monárrez Fragoso <br /> The Disarticulation of Justice: Precarious Life and Cross-Border Feminicides in the Paso del Norte Region - Julia Monárrez Fragoso and Cynthia Bejarano <br /> Surviving Domestic Violence in the Paso del Norte Region - Kathleen Staudt and Rosalba Robles Ortega <br /> SECTION II: GLOBALIZED PRODUCTION, URBAN SPACE, AND PUBLIC SERVICES <br /> Globalization and its Effects on Urban Socio-Spatial Structure in a Transfrontier Metropolis: El Paso, TX - Ciudad Juárez, CHIH - Sunland Park, NM - César M. Fuentes and Sergio Peña<br /> Global Production and Precarious Labor: Harness Production in Ciudad Juárez - Martha Miker Palafox <br /> SECTION III: LIVING WITH GLOBALIZED RISKS: POVERTY, IMMIGRATION, AND EDUCATION <br /> Centering the Margins: The Transformation of Community in Colonias at the U.S.-Mexico Border - Guillermina Nuñez-Mchiri and Georg Klamminger<br /> Schooling for Global Competitiveness in the Border Metropolitan Region - Kathleen Staudt and Zulma Méndez<br /> Alianza para la Calidad de la Educación and the Production of an Empty Curriculum - Zulma Méndez <br /> TOWARD NEW GOVERNANCE? <br /> Good Governance in a Globalizing Tri-state Bi-National Region - Tony Payan</div> </div> <b>Kathleen Staudt</b>, <b>César M. Fuentes </b>and <b>Julia E. Monárrez Fragoso </b>are authors of recent publications focused on the US-Mexican border region.</div> </div>
NC
Palgrave Macmillan
September 2010
272
Ouvrage
Cities: The international journal of urban policy and planning (Vol. 29, Supplement 1)
research, recherche, United States, États-Unis, urbanisation, démographie, catastrophe, occupation du sol, Kirby Andrew
<div><b>Extract from the Editorial:</b></div> </div> You are reading the first issue of <i>Current Research on Cities</i>... The first four issues will all be supplements to the journal <i>Cities</i>, prior to an independent launch in 2014.</div> </div> Although <i>Current Research on Cities </i>has much in common with <i>Cities: the international journal of urban policy in planning</i>..., it is also a departure in terms of its aims and content. It is designed to be the first meta-journal in the field of urban studies, and in much the same way that meta-analysis draws on existing research to synthesize and project what is known on a topic, a meta-journal pulls together what we know about a field and keeps researchers up to date.</div> </div> <b>Contents:</b></div> </div> Andrew Kirby - Introduction to a new meta-journal in urban studies</div> Andrew Kirby - <i>Current Research on Cities </i>and its contribution to urban studies</div> Michael Batty - Building a science of cities</div> Brian J. L. Berry and Adam Okulicz-Kozaryn - The city size distribution debate: Resolution for US urban regions and megalopolitan areas</div> Alexander C. Vias - Micropolitan areas and urbanization processes in the US</div> Richard Morrill - Fifty years of population change in the US 1960-2010</div> Naim Kapucu - Disaster and emergency management systems in urban areas</div> Ralph B. McLaughlin - Land use regulation: Where have we been, where are we going?</div> </div> <b>Andrew Kirby </b>is Professor of Social Science at Arizona State University West.</div> </div>
NC
Elsevier
March 2012
S1 - S56
Revue
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02642751/29/supp/S1
Colin Gordon, "Mapping decline : St. Louis and the fate of the American city" : New books in history
St Louis, États-Unis, United States, ville en déclin, histoire urbaine, décroissance, centre-ville, SIG, race, Gordon Colin, Poe Marshall
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor : </b></div>
</div>
This week we have Professor Colin Gordon of the University of Iowa on the show talking about his new book Mapping Decline: St. Louis and the Fate of the American City (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008). Professor Gordon is the author of two previous monographs, Dead on Arrival: The Politics of Health Care in Twentieth Century America (Princeton University Press, 2004) and New Deals: Business, Labor, and Politics in America, 1920-1935 (Cambridge University Press, 1994). Mapping Decline breaks new ground not only in our understanding of the decay of the American inner-city, but also in its use of quantitative data in combination with GIS mapping technologies. The book is full of beautiful maps that paint a vivid, if somewhat depressing, picture of American urban history. Philip J. Ethington of the University of Southern California calls Mapping Decline “a searing indictment of policymakers, realtors, and mortgage lenders for deliberate decisions that sacrificed their own city of St. Louis on the altar of race.” That it is.</div>
</div>
<b>Marshall Poe </b>is Associate Professor and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of History at the University of Iowa.</div>
<b>Colin Gordon </b>is a Professor and Chair of the Department of History at the University of Iowa.</div>
</div>
available online</a>.</div>
</div>
Colin Gordon,
Marshall Poe
9 May 2008
http://newbooksinhistory.com/2008/05/09/colin-gordon-mapping-decline-st-louis-and-the-fate-of-the-american-city/
Company town : The industrial Edens and satanic mills that shaped the American economy
, ville ouvrière, urbanité, capitalisme, économie, aménagement urbain, États-Unis, United States, Green Hardy
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> </div> Company town: The very phrase sounds un-American. Yet company towns are the essence of America. Hershey bars, Corning glassware, Kohler bathroom fixtures, Maytag washers, Spam—each is the signature product of a company town in which one business, for better or worse, exercises a grip over the population. In The Company Town, Hardy Green, who has covered American business for over a decade, offers a compelling analysis of the emergence of these communities and their role in shaping the American economy, beginning in the country’s earliest years. From the textile mills of Lowell, Massachusetts, to the R&D labs of Corning, New York; from the coal mines of Ludlow, Colorado, to corporate campuses of today’s major tech companies: America has been uniquely open to the development of the single-company community. But rather than adhering to a uniform blueprint, American company towns represent two very different strands of capitalism. One is socially benign—a paternalistic, utopian ideal that fosters the development of schools, hospitals, parks, and desirable housing for its workers. The other, “Exploitationville,” focuses only on profits, at the expense of employees’ well-being. Adeptly distinguishing between these two models, Green offers rich stories about town-builders and workers. He vividly describes the origins of America’s company towns, the living and working conditions that characterize them, and the violent, sometimes fatal labor confrontations that have punctuated their existence. And he chronicles the surprising transformation underway in many such communities today. With fascinating profiles of American moguls—from candyman Milton Hershey and steel man Elbert H. Gary to oil tycoon Frank Phillips and Manhattan Project czar General Leslie B. Groves—The Company Town is a sweeping tale of how the American economy has grown and changed, and how these urban centers have reflected the best and worst of American capitalism.</div> </div> <b>Hardy Green</b> is a former Associate Editor at BusinessWeek, where he was responsible for the magazine’s book review coverage. Green has taught history at Stony Brook University, from which he holds a Ph.D. in U.S. History.</div> </div>
Hardy Green
Basic Books
September 2010
248
Ouvrage
Downtown : Its rise and fall, 1880-1950
centre-ville, histoire urbaine, aménagement de l'espace, analyse spatiale, culture urbaine, United States, États-Unis
Abstract from the distributor :
"Downtown" is the first history of what was once viewed as the heart of the American city. It tells the fascinating story of how downtown--and the way Americans thought about downtown--changed over time. By showing how business and property owners worked to promote the well-being of downtown, even at the expense of other parts of the city, this book gives a riveting account of spatial politics in urban America.
Robert M. Fogelson is a Professor of Urban Studies and History in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning at MIT.
Robert M. Fogelson
MIT World
2001-11-15
01:07:34
EN
Enregistrement vidéo
http://videolectures.net/mitworld_fogelson_drf/
Eric Schneider, "Smack : Heroin and the American city" : New Books in History
drugs, drogue, heroin, héroïne, histoire urbaine, États-Unis, United States, délinquance, Poe Marshall, Schneider Eric
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor :</b></div>
</div>
When I arrived at college in the early 1980s, drugs were cool, music was cool, and drug-music was especially cool. The coolest of the cool drug-music bands was The Velvet Underground. They were from the mean streets of New York City (The Doors were from the soft parade of L.A….); they hung out with Andy Warhol (The Beatles hung out with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi…); they had a female drummer (The Grateful Dead had two drummers, but that still didn’t help…); and, of course, they did heroin. Or at least they wrote a famous song about it. We did not do heroin, but we thought that those who did–like Lou Reed and the rest–were hipper than hip. I imagine we would have done it if there had been any around (thank God for small favors).<br />
<br />
We thought we had discovered something new. But as Eric C. Schneider points out in his marvelous Smack: Heroin and the American City (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), the conjunction of music, heroin, and cool was hardly an invention of my generation. The three came together in the 1940s, when smack-using bebop players (think Charlie Parker) taught the “Beat Generation” that heroin was hip. Neither was my generation the last to succumb to a heroin fad. The triad of music, heroin, and cool united again in the 1990s, when drug-addled pop-culture icons such as Jim Carroll (The Basketball Diaries), Kurt Cobain (Nirvana), and Calvin Klein (of “heroin chic” fame) taught “Generation X” the same lesson. History, or at least the history of heroin, repeats itself.<br />
<br />
For white, middle-class folks like me heroin chic was an episode, a rebellious moment in an otherwise “normal” American life. But as Schneider makes clear, the passage of heroin from cultural elites to the population at large was not always so benign, particularly in the declining inner-cities of the 1960s and 1970s. Here heroin had nothing to do with being cool and everything to do with earning a living and escaping reality. For millions of impoverished, hopeless, urban-dwelling hispanics and blacks, heroin was a paycheck and a checkout. The drug helped destroy the people in the inner-city, and thus the inner-city itself.<br />
<br />
In response to the “heroin epidemic” of the 1960s and 1970s, the government launched the first war on drugs, focusing its energy on “pushers.” But there were no “pushers” because–and this is the greatest insight in a book full of great insights–pushing was not the way heroin use spread, either among middle-class college kids or the down-and-out of New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia. No one pushed heroin on anyone. Rather, users taught their friends how to use; in turn, those friends–now users–taught their friends, and so on. Heroin stealthily spread through personal networks. The only part of the process that was visible was the result: in the case of suburban college kids, bad grades and rehab; in the case of poor urban hispanics and blacks, crime and incarceration.<br />
<br />
Not surprisingly, when the heroin “epidemic” ended, it was not due to the war on drugs. Heroin simply fell out of fashion, in this case being replaced by another fashionable drug, powder and crack cocaine. Today we are fighting cocaine just as we fought heroin, and, by all appearances, with similar success.</div>
</div>
<b>Marshall Poe </b>is Associate Professor and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of History at the University of Iowa.</div>
Smack : Heroin and the American city</a> </i>(2008: University of Pennsylvania Press).</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Marshall Poe,
Eric Schneider
15 June 2011
http://newbooksinhistory.com/2011/06/15/eric-c-schneider-smack-heroin-and-the-american-city-university-of-pennsylvania-press-2008/
Fragments of cities: The new American downtowns and neighborhoods
, centre-ville, aménagement urbain, renouvellement urbain, voisinage, urbanité, interaction sociale, gentrification, community, communauté, États-Unis, United States, Bennett Larry
<b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> Larry Bennett's <i>Fragments of Cities: The New American Downtowns and Neighborhoods</i> examines the social consequences of both the new approaches to downtown design and the physical upgrading of residential neighborhoods.</div> </div> Bennett draws upon lively case studies - ranging from Detroit's Renaissance Center to New York City's SoHo to Chicago's Wrigley Field - to relate physical redevelopment and urban social life. He demonstrates that a small, well-located delicatessen can bring people together while clusters of multi-million-dollar office centers in renovated downtowns can drive them apart.</div> </div> Bennett's evaluation of contemporary urban rebuilding, which is unique in giving equal attention to the political, economic, and social impact of urban design and rebuilding, is frequently pessimistic. He finds that the gentrification of many big-city neighborhoods and the design strategies chracterizing new downtowns do little to promote street life, unplanned social encounters, or public life in general. Bennett also contends some advocates and practitioners of the much-praised neighborhood movement have chosen isolation and local security as their primary goals, thus echoing in their concerns the physical plans developed by urban designers. In contrast, Bennett argues, both groups should embrace a vision that encompasses the entire city, or they will risk losing some of the best things cities encourage - surprise, tolerance, innovation, and democratic participation.</div> </div> Bennett does find cause for optimism in the designs of some particularly innovative architects and planners, and he praises the broadening initiatives taken by many residents acting independently to give life to their cities. American cities face a crossroads, he says, and must choose between becoming genuine communities or a series of isolated zones.</div> </div> <b>Contents:</b></div> 1. The new American city</div> 2. The downtown renaissance</div> 3. Neighborhood or enclave?</div> 4. Three visions of the prospective American city</div> 5. The environmental politics of neighborhood</div> 6. The future of the new American city</div> </div> <b>Larry Bennett </b>is Associate Professor of Political Science at DePaul University.</div> </div>
Larry Bennett
The Ohio State University Press
1990
171
Ouvrage
http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6208
From Sun Cities to The Villages : A history of active adult, age-restricted communities
community, communauté, gated communities, retirement, retraite, maison de retraite, urbanité, cadre de vie, logement, États-Unis, United States, Trolander Judith Ann
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> <br /> Youngtown, Arizona, opened in 1954 and was the first development community to have a minimum age requirement (then 65) and to ban underage children as permanent residents. Developer Del Webb unveiled Sun City six years later. Adjacent to Youngtown, it offered modest homes abutting a golf course. In the ensuing decades, active adult communities have proliferated, including Harold Schwartz’s "The Villages" in central Florida, today the nation’s single largest retirement community.<br /> <br /> For nearly sixty years, the success of these and similar communities have changed the image of retirees from frail, impoverished old people to energetic, well-off adults enjoying a resort-like lifestyle. While some experts predicted these communities would fail or undermine the obligations between generations, they are now firmly embedded as one possible extension of the American dream.<br /> <br /> Judith Ann Trolander has written the first book-length history of the "active adult" lifestyle. Examining the origins, development, failures, and challenges facing these communities as the baby boomer population continues to age, she offers a truly original defense of a sometimes controversial aspect of American life.<br /> <br /> <b>Judith Ann Trolander</b> is professor of history at the University of Minnesota, Duluth.</div> </div>
Judith Ann Trolander
University Press of Florida
May 2011
368
Ouvrage
Garbage in the cities: Refuse, reform, and the environment
, environnement urbain, déchets, service public, histoire urbaine, hygiénisme, insalubrité, histoire urbaine, États-Unis, United States, twentieth century, vingtième siècle, Melosi Martin V., gestion des déchets
<strong>Abstract from the publisher:</strong> As recently as the 1880s, most American cities had no effective means of collecting and removing the mountains of garbage, refuse, and manure-over a thousand tons a day in New York City alone-that clogged streets and overwhelmed the senses of residents. In his landmark study, Garbage in the Cities, Martin Melosi offered the first history of efforts begun in the Progressive Era to clean up this mess. Since it was first published, Garbage in the Cities has remained one of the best historical treatments of the subject. This thoroughly revised and updated edition includes two new chapters that expand the discussion of developments since World War I. It also offers a discussion of the reception of the first edition, and an examination of the ways solid waste management has become more federally regulated in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Melosi traces the rise of sanitation engineering, accurately describes the scope and changing nature of the refuse problem in U.S. cities, reveals the sometimes hidden connections between industrialization and pollution, and discusses the social agendas behind many early cleanliness programs. Absolutely essential reading for historians, policy analysts, and sociologists, Garbage in the Cities offers a vibrant and insightful analysis of this fascinating topic. <strong>Contents:</strong> Preface Introduction 1. Out of sight, out of mind: The refuse problem in the late nineteenth century 2. The "apostle of cleanliness" and the origins of refuse management 3. Refuse as an engineering problem: Municipal reform 4. Refuse as an aesthetic problem: Voluntary citizens' organizations and sanitation 5. Street-cleaning practices in the early twentieth century 6. Collection and disposal practices in the early twentieth century 7. Solid waste as pollution in twentieth-century America 8. The garbage crisis in the late twentieth century Conclusion <strong>Martin V. Melosi </strong>is Distinguished University Professor of History at the University of Houston.
Martin Melosi
University of Pittsburgh Press
2004 (revised edition)
320
Ouvrage
http://www.upress.pitt.edu/BookDetails.aspx?bookId=35520
Gary, the most American of all American cities
Gary, ville industrielle, industrial city, aménagement urbain, ville en déclin, histoire de l'urbanisme, utopie, capitalisme, O'Hara S. Paul, États-Unis, United States
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> </div> U.S. Steel created Gary, Indiana. The new steel plant and town built on the site in 1906 were at once a triumph of industrial capitalism and a bold experiment in urban planning. Gary became the canvas onto which the American public projected its hopes and fears about modern, industrial society. In its prime, Gary was known as “the magic city,” “steel’s greatest achievement,” and “an industrial utopia”; later it would be called “the very model of urban decay.” S. Paul O’Hara traces this stark reversal of fortune and reveals America’s changing expectations. He delivers a riveting account of the boom or bust mentality of American industrialism from the turn of the 20th century to the present day.</div> </div> <b>S. Paul O'Hara</b> is Assistant Professor of History at Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio.</div> </div>
S. Paul O'Hara
Indiana University Press
December 2010
208
Ouvrage
History in urban places: The historic districts of the United States
historic district, quartier historique, histoire urbaine, patrimoine urbain, patrimoine, patrimonialisation, preservation, préservation, Hamer David, États-Unis, United States
<b>Extract from the Preface:</b></div>
</div>
In the United States, an ambitious attempt has been made over the last quarter of a century to achieve historic preservation on a scale far greater than would have been possible through the saving of structures one by one. Preservation is now sought and managed to a large extent through the designation of "historic districts"... As the number of historic districts has increased and they have assumed a conspicuous place in the urban landscape, they have received the attention of preservationists and planners. But there has not as yet been an analysis of their significance from an urban historian's point of view - even though most historic disticts are parts of towns or cities and their existence is touted in publicity releases as an oppotunity to "step back in time', to see what towns or neighborhoods were "really" like in the past. Historic districts are, and should be studies as, examples of applied urban history... One of the aims of this book is to draw the attention of urban historians to some of the implications of the development of historic districts. But it is intended too to have a broader appeal and to provide a historical context for those many Americans who in one way or another have become involved in the phenomenon - whether as residents of historic districts, members of preservation commissions, or tourists who visit the districts.</div>
</div>
<b>Contents:</b></div>
</div>
Preface</div>
1. Development of the concept of the historic district</div>
2. The urban history in historic districts</div>
3. Places apart</div>
4. The history that is and is not represented in historic districts</div>
5. Selecting history</div>
6. A new format and strategy for historic preservation</div>
7. Thirty years on: Do historic districts have a future?</div>
</div>
The late <b>David Allan Hamer </b>was a historian who taught at the University of Lancaster, the University of Auckland, and Victoria University of Wellington, where he served as Chair of the Department of History, Dean of Arts and Assistant Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs.</div>
</div>
David Hamer
The Ohio State University Press
1998
277
Ouvrage
http://hdl.handle.net/1811/30049
Immigrant geographies of North American cities
, géographie urbaine, immigration, ségrégation urbaine, logement, économie, santé, health, politique de la ville, États-Unis, United States, Canada, Teixeira Carlos, Li Wei, Kobayashi Audrey
<div>
NC
Oxford University Press
July 2011
384
Ouvrage
In the watches of the night: Life in the nocturnal city, 1820-1930
nuit, night, États-Unis, United States, histoire urbaine, nineteenth century, twentieth century, vingtième siècle, dix-neuvième siècle, urbanité, emploi, délinquance, transport, leisure, loisirs, gender, genre, Baldwin Peter C.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> Before skyscrapers and streetlights glowed at all hours, American cities fell into inky blackness with each setting of the sun. But over the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, new technologies began to light up streets, sidewalks, buildings, and public spaces. Peter C. Baldwin’s evocative book depicts the changing experience of the urban night over this period, visiting a host of actors—scavengers, newsboys, and mashers alike—in the nocturnal city.<br /> <br /> Baldwin examines work, crime, transportation, and leisure as he moves through the gaslight era, exploring the spread of modern police forces and the emergence of late-night entertainment, to the era of electricity, when social campaigns sought to remove women and children from public areas at night. While many people celebrated the transition from darkness to light as the arrival of twenty-four hours of daytime, Baldwin shows that certain social patterns remained, including the danger of street crime and the skewed gender profile of night work. Sweeping us from concert halls and brothels to streetcars and industrial forges, In the Watches of the Night is an illuminating study of a vital era in American urban history.</div> </div> <b>Peter C. Baldwin </b>is Associate Professor in the Department of History at the University of Connecticut.</div> </div>
Peter C. Baldwin
The University of Chicago Press
January 2012
296
Ouvrage