Urban unrest, social resentment and justice
meute, mouvement social, injustice, inégalité sociale, social inequality, police, délinquance, économie, violence urbaine, United Kingdom, Royaume-Uni
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor:</b></div>
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The recent events in several cities across the UK, and more widely in Europe, have raised fundamental questions about the legitimacy of public programs, the crisis-prone nature of economies and ongoing resentment and anger at social inequality and injustice. Despite frequent political and media pronouncements of organised criminality, grounded examinations of riots in the UK and elsewhere highlight how social inequality, policing practices, the embedding of consumption orientations and feelings of injustice have produced social danger and violence in excluded localities. Nuanced, empirically founded and critical accounts are needed of these events. This conference, organised by CURB, sought to contextualise urban unrest within broader, structural concerns around economic decline, social injustice and criminal cultures. The cohesion of many, apparently ‘broken’ communities, and their capacity to regain control and promote safety belie on-going anger and resentment at corporate excess, media misconduct and political illegitimacy. The meeting explored these issues in detail and provided a space to debate the broader causes and consequences of these events.</div>
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<b>Available podcasts:</b></div>
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Tony Jefferson - The riots 2011: Another moral panic or... what?</div>
Dan Briggs - What we did when it happened: A timeline analysis of the social disorder in London</div>
Sheldon Thomas - The riots from a 'road' perspective</div>
Suzella Palmer - 'Dutty Babylon': Policing black communities and the politics of resistance</div>
Steven Hirschler - Riots in retrospective: Lessons from 1958 and the Powell era</div>
David Hill - Social media and urban unrest</div>
Laura Naegler - The riots of those who should not dare to scream for revolution. Riot spectacle, ritual, and the construction of the apolitical adolescent middle-class rioter in Germany</div>
Simon Harding - Mindful violence: The role of the urban street gang in the riots in London</div>
Bob Jeffrey and Will Jackson - Pendleton: A political sociology</div>
Karen Evans - Who broke Britain? Power, austerity and social reaction</div>
Nicholas Pleace - Child poverty as 'riot training'? Contrasting perceptions of parents, frontline workers and child poverty experts in London</div>
Rowland Atkinson, Simon Parker and Oliver Smith - 'The atrocities will be repaid': Urban unrest and the whirlwind to be reaped from political revanchism</div>
John Lea and Simon Hallsworth - Riots, citizenship and the crisis of the neoliberal state</div>
Joe Sim - The fish rots from the capitalist head: Riots in the wasteland of the free</div>
Simon Winlow - Observations, themes and comments</div>
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Multiple authors
22-23 September 2011
http://www.york.ac.uk/sociology/research/curb/events/2011/urban-unrest/
Eric Schneider, "Smack : Heroin and the American city" : New Books in History
drugs, drogue, heroin, héroïne, histoire urbaine, États-Unis, United States, délinquance, Poe Marshall, Schneider Eric
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor :</b></div>
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When I arrived at college in the early 1980s, drugs were cool, music was cool, and drug-music was especially cool. The coolest of the cool drug-music bands was The Velvet Underground. They were from the mean streets of New York City (The Doors were from the soft parade of L.A….); they hung out with Andy Warhol (The Beatles hung out with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi…); they had a female drummer (The Grateful Dead had two drummers, but that still didn’t help…); and, of course, they did heroin. Or at least they wrote a famous song about it. We did not do heroin, but we thought that those who did–like Lou Reed and the rest–were hipper than hip. I imagine we would have done it if there had been any around (thank God for small favors).<br />
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We thought we had discovered something new. But as Eric C. Schneider points out in his marvelous Smack: Heroin and the American City (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008), the conjunction of music, heroin, and cool was hardly an invention of my generation. The three came together in the 1940s, when smack-using bebop players (think Charlie Parker) taught the “Beat Generation” that heroin was hip. Neither was my generation the last to succumb to a heroin fad. The triad of music, heroin, and cool united again in the 1990s, when drug-addled pop-culture icons such as Jim Carroll (The Basketball Diaries), Kurt Cobain (Nirvana), and Calvin Klein (of “heroin chic” fame) taught “Generation X” the same lesson. History, or at least the history of heroin, repeats itself.<br />
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For white, middle-class folks like me heroin chic was an episode, a rebellious moment in an otherwise “normal” American life. But as Schneider makes clear, the passage of heroin from cultural elites to the population at large was not always so benign, particularly in the declining inner-cities of the 1960s and 1970s. Here heroin had nothing to do with being cool and everything to do with earning a living and escaping reality. For millions of impoverished, hopeless, urban-dwelling hispanics and blacks, heroin was a paycheck and a checkout. The drug helped destroy the people in the inner-city, and thus the inner-city itself.<br />
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In response to the “heroin epidemic” of the 1960s and 1970s, the government launched the first war on drugs, focusing its energy on “pushers.” But there were no “pushers” because–and this is the greatest insight in a book full of great insights–pushing was not the way heroin use spread, either among middle-class college kids or the down-and-out of New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia. No one pushed heroin on anyone. Rather, users taught their friends how to use; in turn, those friends–now users–taught their friends, and so on. Heroin stealthily spread through personal networks. The only part of the process that was visible was the result: in the case of suburban college kids, bad grades and rehab; in the case of poor urban hispanics and blacks, crime and incarceration.<br />
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Not surprisingly, when the heroin “epidemic” ended, it was not due to the war on drugs. Heroin simply fell out of fashion, in this case being replaced by another fashionable drug, powder and crack cocaine. Today we are fighting cocaine just as we fought heroin, and, by all appearances, with similar success.</div>
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<b>Marshall Poe </b>is Associate Professor and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of History at the University of Iowa.</div>
Smack : Heroin and the American city</a> </i>(2008: University of Pennsylvania Press).</div>
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Marshall Poe,
Eric Schneider
15 June 2011
http://newbooksinhistory.com/2011/06/15/eric-c-schneider-smack-heroin-and-the-american-city-university-of-pennsylvania-press-2008/
Urban outcasts: Incubating the precariat in the 21st Century
, marginalité, ghetto, banlieue populaire, pauvreté, délinquance, citoyenneté, équité sociale, sociologie urbaine, ségrégation sociale, précarité
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor : </b></div>
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The American ghetto, the British inner city, and the French urban periphery are widely known as the "problem districts, the no-go areas" of their metropolis - territories of deprivation, dereliction and danger to be shunned and feared.<br />
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In his new book, Urban Outcasts, Loïc Wacquant reveals that urban marginality is not everywhere the same, as the reader is taken inside the dilapidated black ghetto of inner Chicago and the deindustrializing banlieue of outer Paris.<br />
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Drawing on a wealth of original fieldwork, surveys and historical data, Urban Outcasts casts new light on the explosive conjunction of mounting misery and stupendous affluence evident in the cities of advanced and advancing countries throughout the globe.<br />
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Join Loïc Wacquant as he offers vital new tools for rethinking urban marginality and reinvigorates the public debate over social inequality and citizenship.</div>
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<b>Loïc Wacquant </b>is professor of sociology at the University of California-Berkeley and Researcher at the Centre de sociologie européenne, Paris.</div>
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Loïc Wacquant
28th May 2008
http://www.thersa.org/events/audio-and-past-events/2008/urban-outcasts-incubating-the-precariat-in-the-21st-century
Disparity and diversity in the contemporary city: Social order revisited
, mixité sociale, cadre de vie, délinquance, équité sociale, fragmentation sociale, marginalité, société urbaine, sociologie urbaine, Gilroy Paul, Sampson Robert, ordre social
<div><b>Abstract from the distributor :</b></div>
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A look at classic urban themes as they are manifested in the contemporary city, focusing on social reproduction of inequality, the meanings of disorder, and the link between the two.</div>
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<b>Paul Gilroy</b> is Anthony Giddens Professor in Social Theory at LSE.</div>
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<b> </b></div>
<b>Robert Sampson</b> is Henry Ford II Professor of the Social Sciences and chair of sociology, Harvard University.</div>
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Paul Gilroy,
Robert Sampson
21 October 2008
http://www2.lse.ac.uk/PublicEvents/events/2008/20080820t1234z001.aspx
Great American city: Chicago and the enduring neighborhood effect
voisinage, community, communauté, Chicago, société urbaine, urbanité, délinquance, santé, health, sociologie urbaine, Sampson Robert J.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> For over fifty years numerous public intellectuals and social theorists have insisted that community is dead. Some would have us believe that we act solely as individuals choosing our own fates regardless of our surroundings, while other theories place us at the mercy of global forces beyond our control. These two perspectives dominate contemporary views of society, but by rejecting the importance of place they are both deeply flawed. Based on one of the most ambitious studies in the history of social science, Great American City argues that communities still matter because life is decisively shaped by where you live.<br /> <br /> To demonstrate the powerfully enduring impact of place, Robert J. Sampson presents here the fruits of over a decade’s research in Chicago combined with his own unique personal observations about life in the city, from Cabrini Green to Trump Tower and Millennium Park to the Robert Taylor Homes. He discovers that neighborhoods influence a remarkably wide variety of social phenomena, including crime, health, civic engagement, home foreclosures, teen births, altruism, leadership networks, and immigration. Even national crises cannot halt the impact of place, Sampson finds, as he analyzes the consequences of the Great Recession and its aftermath, bringing his magisterial study up to the fall of 2010.<br /> <br /> Following in the influential tradition of the Chicago School of urban studies but updated for the twenty-first century, Great American City is at once a landmark research project, a commanding argument for a new theory of social life, and the story of an iconic city.</div> </div> <b>Robert J. Sampson</b> is the Henry Ford II Professor of the Social Sciences at Harvard University.</div> </div>
Robert J. Sampson
The University of Chicago Press
January 2012
552
Ouvrage
In the watches of the night: Life in the nocturnal city, 1820-1930
nuit, night, États-Unis, United States, histoire urbaine, nineteenth century, twentieth century, vingtième siècle, dix-neuvième siècle, urbanité, emploi, délinquance, transport, leisure, loisirs, gender, genre, Baldwin Peter C.
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> Before skyscrapers and streetlights glowed at all hours, American cities fell into inky blackness with each setting of the sun. But over the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth century, new technologies began to light up streets, sidewalks, buildings, and public spaces. Peter C. Baldwin’s evocative book depicts the changing experience of the urban night over this period, visiting a host of actors—scavengers, newsboys, and mashers alike—in the nocturnal city.<br /> <br /> Baldwin examines work, crime, transportation, and leisure as he moves through the gaslight era, exploring the spread of modern police forces and the emergence of late-night entertainment, to the era of electricity, when social campaigns sought to remove women and children from public areas at night. While many people celebrated the transition from darkness to light as the arrival of twenty-four hours of daytime, Baldwin shows that certain social patterns remained, including the danger of street crime and the skewed gender profile of night work. Sweeping us from concert halls and brothels to streetcars and industrial forges, In the Watches of the Night is an illuminating study of a vital era in American urban history.</div> </div> <b>Peter C. Baldwin </b>is Associate Professor in the Department of History at the University of Connecticut.</div> </div>
Peter C. Baldwin
The University of Chicago Press
January 2012
296
Ouvrage
Why don't American cities burn?
, délinquance, violence urbaine, pauvreté, ségrégation résidentielle, exclusion, centre-ville, émeute, race, Katz Michael B., États-Unis, United States
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div> </div> At 1:27 on the morning of August 4, 2005, Herbert Manes fatally stabbed Robert Monroe, known as Shorty, in a dispute over five dollars. It was a horrific yet mundane incident for the poor, heavily African American neighborhood of North Philadelphia—one of seven homicides to occur in the city that day and yet not make the major newspapers. For Michael B. Katz, an urban historian and a juror on the murder trial, the story of Manes and Shorty exemplified the marginalization, social isolation, and indifference that plague American cities.<br /> <br /> Introduced by the gripping narrative of this murder and its circumstances, Why Don't American Cities Burn? charts the emergence of the urban forms that underlie such events. Katz traces the collision of urban transformation with the rightward-moving social politics of late twentieth- and early twenty-first-century America. He shows how the bifurcation of black social structures produced a new African American inequality and traces the shift from images of a pathological black "underclass" to praise of the entrepreneurial poor who take advantage of new technologies of poverty work to find the beginning of the path to the middle class. He explores the reasons American cities since the early 1970s have remained relatively free of collective violence while black men in bleak inner-city neighborhoods have turned their rage inward on one another rather than on the agents and symbols of a culture and political economy that exclude them.<br /> <br /> The book ends with a meditation on how the political left and right have come to believe that urban transformation is inevitably one of failure and decline abetted by the response of government to deindustrialization, poverty, and race. How, Katz asks, can we construct a new narrative that acknowledges the dark side of urban history even as it demonstrates the capacity of government to address the problems of cities and their residents? How can we create a politics of modest hope?</div> </div> <b>Michael B. Katz </b>is Walter H. Annenberg Professor of History at the University of Pennsylvania.</div> </div>
Michael B. Katz
University of Pennsylvania Press
December 2011
240
Ouvrage
Les ghettos de la nation
ghetto, banlieue populaire, cités, émeute, violence urbaine, enclavement, immigration, intégration, ségrégation urbaine, délinquance, identité, Robine Jérémy
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
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Les émeutes de 2005 ont mis au jour la profondeur de la crise qui secoue la nation française en jetant une lumière crue sur les ghettos qu’on a laissé s’installer dans nos banlieues. L’étude de deux territoires emblématiques de ces émeutes — Clichy-sous-Bois et Grigny — éclaire la constitution d’un ghetto, et ce qui le caractérise : l’enclavement des grands-ensembles vétustes, un fort taux de personnes d’origine maghrébine ou africaine, la pauvreté et la délinquance... qui produisent un phénomène d’évitement.</div>
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Boucs émissaires de la crise, les immigrés en provenance du Maghreb et d’Afrique sub-saharienne, et leurs descendants — la deuxième et la troisième génération, pourtant en théorie des citoyens à part entière — tiennent en effet une place à part dans la nation, en raison de l’histoire coloniale.</div>
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Depuis les années 1980, des militants antiracistes, de l’immigration ou des banlieues ont donc tenté de faire entendre leur voix. Mais près de 30 ans après la Marche pour l’Égalité, la déception est grande, amenant à la radicalisation d’une partie de ces militants, tandis que certains intellectuels post-colonialistes s’attaquent à l’idée même de nation.</div>
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Entre guerre des mémoires, aggravation de la violence, détérioration de la situation sociale dans les ghettos, et montée du racisme, il est urgent d’amender le roman national...</div>
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<b>Jérémy Robine</b> est docteur en géopolitique et membre du comité de rédaction de la revue Hérodote.</div>
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Jérémy Robine
Vendémiaire
30 septembre 2011
288
Ouvrage
La sécurité urbaine en questions
sécurité, insécurité, délinquance, prévention, répression, vidéosurveillance, médiation, politique publique, Wyvekens Anne
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
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Les phénomènes de violences urbaines ou de délinquance sont complexes et exigent une analyse fine afin de les comprendre et de tenter d’y apporter des solutions concrètes. Les politiques publiques de sécurité ont connu une métamorphose au cours des années 1990 puis 2010, notamment par le biais de leur décentralisation, de la participation des associations et de celle du secteur marchand. Des études de cas illustrent de façon concrète ces changements et les perspectives qu’ils offrent.</div>
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Entre système répressif et préventif, vidéosurveillance et médiation, délinquance et sentiment d’insécurité... ce guide tente d’identifier des démarches et des outils mis à la disposition des personnes qui, par leur fonction ou leur profession, sont appelées à proposer des solutions aux problèmes de sécurité dans la ville. <br />
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Juriste et criminologue, <b>Anne Wyvekens</b> est chargée de recherche au CNRS/CERSA (Centre d’études et de recherches de science administrative).</div>
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Anne Wyvekens
Le Passager clandestin
24 août 2011
112
Ouvrage
Cape Town after apartheid : Crime and governance in the divided city
, délinquance, gouvernance, ségrégation urbaine, inégalité, inequality, sécurité, renouvellement urbain, néolibéralisme, pauvreté, développement urbain, apartheid, Cape Town, Le Cap, mondialisation, global city, ville mondiale, Samara Tony Roshan
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div> </div> Reveals how liberal democracy and free-market economics reproduce the inequalities of apartheid in Cape Town, South Africa<br /> <br /> Nearly two decades after the dismantling of apartheid in South Africa, how different does the nation look? In Cape Town, is hardening inequality under conditions of neoliberal globalization actually reproducing the repressive governance of the apartheid era? By exploring issues of urban security and development, Tony Roshan Samara brings to light the features of urban apartheid that increasingly mark not only Cape Town but also the global cities of our day—cities as diverse as Los Angeles, Rio de Janeiro, Paris, and Beijing.<br /> <br /> Cape Town after Apartheid focuses on urban renewal and urban security policies and practices in the city center and townships as this aspiring world-class city actively pursues a neoliberal approach to development. The city’s attempt to escape its past is, however, constrained by crippling inequalities, racial and ethnic tensions, political turmoil, and persistent insecurity. Samara shows how governance in Cape Town remains rooted in the perceived need to control dangerous populations and protect a somewhat fragile and unpopular economic system. In urban areas around the world, where the affluent minority and poor majority live in relative proximity to each other, aggressive security practices and strict governance reflect and reproduce the divided city.<br /> <br /> A critical case for understanding a transnational view of urban governance, especially in highly unequal, majority-poor cities, this closely observed study of postapartheid Cape Town affords valuable insight into how security and governance technologies from the global North combine with local forms to create new approaches to social control in cities across the global South.</div> </div>
Tony Roshan Samara
University of Minnesota Press
June 2011
272
Ouvrage
Securing the city : Neoliberalism, space, and insecurity in postwar Guatemala
Guatemala, société urbaine, urbanité, violence urbaine, espace public, emploi, privatisation, ségrégation urbaine, sécurité, espace urbain, délinquance, O'Neill Kevin Lewis, Thomas Kedron, néolibéralisme, Guatemala City
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>
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Unprecedented crime rates have made Guatemala City one of the most dangerous cities in the world. Following a peace process that ended Central America’s longest and bloodiest civil war and impelled the transition from a state-centric economy to the global free market, Guatemala’s neoliberal moment is now strikingly evident in the practices and politics of security. Postwar violence has not prompted public debates about the conditions that permit transnational gangs, drug cartels, and organized crime to thrive. Instead, the dominant reaction to crime has been the cultural promulgation of fear and the privatization of what would otherwise be the state’s responsibility to secure the city. This collection of essays, the first comparative study of urban Guatemala, explores these neoliberal efforts at security. Contributing to the anthropology of space and urban studies, this book brings together anthropologists and historians to examine how postwar violence and responses to it are reconfiguring urban space, transforming the relationship between city and country, and exacerbating deeply rooted structures of inequality and ethnic discrimination.</div>
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<b>Contents : </b></div>
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Securing the City: An Introduction - Kedron Thomas, Kevin Lewis O'Neill, and Thomas Offit<br />
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Part One: Urban History and Social Experience <br />
Living Guatemala City, 1930s–2000s - Deborah Levenson<br />
Primero de Julio: Urban Experiences of Class Decline and Violence - Manuela Camus <br />
Cacique for a Neoliberal Age: A Maya Retail Empire on the Streets of Guatemala City - Thomas Offit <br />
Privatization of Public Sphere: The Displacement of Street Vendors in Guatemala City - Rodrigo J. Véliz and Kevin Lewis O'Neill <br />
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Part Two: Guatemala City and Country <br />
The Security Guard Industry in Guatemala: Rural Communities and Urban Violence - Avery Dickins de Girón <br />
Guatemala's New Violence as Structural Violence: Notes from the Highlands - Peter Benson, Kedron Thomas, and Edward F. Fischer <br />
Spaces of Structural Adjustment in Guatemala's Apparel Industry - Kedron Thomas <br />
Hands of Love: Christian Outreach and the Spatialization of Ethnicity - Kevin Lewis O'Neill</div>
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<b>Kevin Lewis O'Neill </b>is Assistant Professor in the Deoartment and Centre for the Study of Religion at the University of Toronto.</div>
<b>Kedron Thomas </b>is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Anthropology at Harvard University.</div>
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NC
Duke University Press
2011
240
Ouvrage
Crime and punishment in Istanbul 1700 - 1800
Istanbul, crime, délinquance, histoire urbaine, société urbaine, gouvernance, eighteenth century, 18th century, dix-huitième siècle, 18e siècle, Zarinebaf Fariba
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>
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This vividly detailed revisionist history exposes the underworld of the largest metropolis of the early modern Mediterranean and through it the entire fabric of a complex, multicultural society. Fariba Zarinebaf maps the history of crime and punishment in Istanbul over more than one hundred years, considering transgressions such as riots, prostitution, theft, and murder and at the same time tracing how the state controlled and punished its unruly population. Taking us through the city's streets, workshops, and houses, she gives voice to ordinary people—the man accused of stealing, the woman accused of prostitution, and the vagabond expelled from the city. She finds that Istanbul in this period remains mischaracterized—in part by the sensational and exotic accounts of European travelers who portrayed it as the embodiment of Ottoman decline, rife with decadence, sin, and disease. Linking the history of crime and punishment to the dramatic political, economic, and social transformations that occurred in the eighteenth century, Zarinebaf finds in fact that Istanbul had much more in common with other emerging modern cities in Europe, and even in America.</div>
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<b>Fariba Zarinebaf</b> is Associate Professor of History at the University of California at Riverside.</div>
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Fariba Zarinebaf
University of California Press
January 2011
304
Ouvrage
Violences juvéniles urbaines en Europe
jeunesse, jeune, violence urbaine, délinquance, Weirt Xavier de, Rousseaux Xavier
<div>Violences juvéniles urbaines en Europe : histoire d'une construction sociale</div>
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<b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
</div>
De nos jours, dans les villes, la violence des jeunes alarme, inquiète. "Ils sont de plus en plus violents, de plus en plus jeunes", entend-on régulièrement de l'opinion publique. Pourtant, ces commentaires ne reposent sur aucune base scientifique fiable : ils relèvent d’un discours construit depuis près de deux cents ans sur des faits peu représentatifs et des impressions non critiquées.</div>
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Jusqu’ici, ville et violence, jeunesse et violence, voire jeunesse et ville étaient analysées de manière séparée ; en revanche, la problématique de la violence des jeunes dans l’espace public urbain n’avait pas donné lieu à des recherches croisées.<br />
Par la confrontation systématique des sources (répressives, discursives) et selon une pluralité d’approches méthodologiques (travail sur archives, enquête orale), les auteurs de ce livre, historiens, criminologues ou sociologues, tentent de cerner l’écart existant entre perception et réalité du phénomène aux différentes périodes de l’histoire.</div>
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Sur la base de recherches récentes, ils proposent de mieux comprendre quand, comment et pourquoi s’est construite dans la société européenne cette représentation de la jeunesse comme vecteur de violence associé à la vie urbaine.</div>
</div>
<b>Sommaire :</b></div>
</div>
Introduction. Violences juvéniles urbaines : entre masculinités, mobilités et médiatisations - Xavier De Weirt, Xavier Rousseaux<br />
<br />
PREMIERE PARTIE</div>
<b>Pourquoi les jeunes font-ils peur ? Socio-histoire d'une anxiété</b><br />
La délinquance juvénile, des "Blousons noirs" à nos jours. Le détour historique comme préalable au questionnement sociologique contemporain - Laurent Mucchielli<br />
De la jeunesse belliqueuse à la délinquance juvénile. Jeunes, violence et urbanité dans les sociétés médiévales et modernes (1300-1850) - Aude Musin, Xavier Rousseaux<br />
Jeunes, ville et violence. Grande-Bretagne XIXe-XXe siècles - Philippe Chassaigne<br />
<br />
DEUXIEME PARTIE</div>
<b>La ville, foyer de violence juvénile ? Etudes de terrain</b><br />
Violence juvénile à Paris au temps des Apaches. Fin XIXe siècle–début du XXe siècle - Jean-Claude Farcy<br />
Déviances et délinquance d’une jeunesse populaire dans un quartier ouvrier en transformation durant le XXe siècle. De l’Entre-deux-guerres à l’ère postindustrielle - Éric Marlière<br />
Terreurs de quartiers. Jeunesse et violences à Marseille (1850-1914) - Céline Regnard<br />
Un faux problème ? La violence des jeunes à Anvers dans la première moitié du XXe siècle - Antoon Vrints<br />
La rébellion à Bruxelles après la Seconde Guerre mondiale (1945-1975). Un contre-exemple à la construction sociale dominante du phénomène comme action collective et juvénile - Melpomeni Skordou<br />
Des jeunes adultes jugés devant le tribunal correctionnel de Bruxelles. La perception des comportements violents entre rouages judiciaires et approche de la réalité (1946-1975) - Xavier De Weirt<br />
Postface. Le savoir et la distance - Dominique Kalifa</div>
</div>
Xavier De Weirt,
Xavier Rousseaux,
(éd.)
Presses universitaires de Louvain
Janvier 2011
260
Ouvrage
The exposed city : Mapping the urban invisibles
, cartographie, délinquance, densité urbaine, déplacements, analyse spatiale, représentations, SIG, géographie urbaine, Amoroso Nadia
<div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>
</div>
Imagine a city invisible to the human eye and only manifested by its non-visual urban phenomena. What shape will it take? If these new urban forms are represented as images, do they become new maps of the city?<br />
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Examining representations of the city not usually visible to the naked eye, The Exposed City takes textual urban data and transforms it into architectural visions. Criminal activities, population densities, transportation patterns, public surveillance, cell phone usage, air quality readings and other spatial statistics all become new maps of the city.<br />
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The ‘unseen’ elements of the city are exposed in innovative maps throughout the book, which are complimented by interviews with Winy Mass and James Corner, in addition to sections by Richard Saul Wurman, the SENSEAble City Lab group and one of the founders of Google Earth.<br />
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Showing new ways to map invisible urban information, Amoroso’s book is ideal for those landscape architecture, urban design and geography students along with professionals interested in the theoretical and practical issues of representing the hidden city through spatial mapping.</div>
</div>
<b>Nadia Amoroso</b> specializes in visual representation as it relates to architecture, landscape architecture and the urban environment. She is a Lecturer at the University of Toronto, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design.</div>
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Nadia Amoroso
Routledge
2010
176
Ouvrage
Les âmes mal nées : jeunesse et délinquance urbaine en France et en Europe (XIXe-XXIe siècles)
délinquance, jeunesse, violence urbaine, histoire, sociologie, Yvorel Jean-Jacques, Stora-Lamarre Annie, Caron Jean-Claude
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
</div>
Dès le XIXe siècle, les "âmes mal nées" hantent l'espace urbain, tant la jeunesse délinquante est précocement perçue comme une menace contre l'ordre familial, moral, social ou politique.</div>
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Deux siècles plus tard, le sentiment de menace persiste tout en ayant enregistré une profonde évolution. Quelle que soit l'époque, nommer la "jeunesse délinquante", c'est d'abord identifier une catégorie à risque et la situer face aux discours inlassablement ressassés sur la "ville pathogène".</div>
</div>
<b>Jean-Jacques Yvorel</b> est docteur en histoire, chargé d'études au Centre national de la formation et d'étude de la protection judiciaire de la Jeunesse.</div>
université de Franche-Comté</a>.</div>
université Blaise-Pascal de Clermont-Ferrand</a>.</div>
</div>
Collectif
Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté
Février 2009
405
Ouvrage
La police à l'épreuve des incivilités : la dynamique du désordre
criminologie, délinquance, sécurité, violence urbaine, Piednoir Julien
<div><b>4e de couverture :</b></div>
</div>
Le décès accidentel de deux jeunes qui tentaient d'échapper à une interpellation policière a déclenché, lors de l'automne 2005, une flambée de violence urbaine. Durant trois semaines, les forces de l'ordre ont connu des échaufourées et ont parfois essuyé des tirs à balles réelles. Plus de 200 gendarmes et policiers ont été blessés sur les 11 500 hommes déployés.</div>
</div>
En considérant les 110 000 faits de violence urbaine recensés au cours de l'année 2005, ces émeutes ne représentent en vérité qu'un symptôme. Elles ne sont ni nouvelles, ni passées. Une police de répression est-elle alors véritablement efficace pour lutter contre ce phénomène ?</div>
</div>
La réponse est négative. L'utilisation d'une approche exclusivement répressive ne permet pas d'apprécier correctement une dynamique de désordre qui agrège, dans l'espace et le temps, des actes d'incivilité et de forte gravité pénale. Les stratégies policières et sociales sont dès lors inadaptées. L'étude de la théorie des "vitres cassées" et des récentes évolutions des modèles policiers (notamment au Canada et aux Etats-Unis) invite à effectuer de profonds changements. La France devrait ainsi opter pour une police de "résolution des problèmes".</div>
</div>
<b>Julien Piednoir</b> est titulaire d'un doctorat en droit et d'un Philosophiae doctor en criminologie (université de Montréal).</div>
</div>
Julien Piednoir
L'Harmatttan
Novembre 2008
196
Ouvrage
Chroniques du Paris apache (1902-1905)
délinquance, quartier populaire, sécurité, violence, Paris, Belleville, histoire, témoignage, Belle Epoque
<div>Mémoires de Casque d’or (1902) et La Médaille de mort, de Eugène Corsy (1905)</div>
</div>
<b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
</div>
Ces deux récits présentent les agissements (violents) et les figures (inquiétantes et fascinantes) des Apaches, ces bandes de jeunes gens, les "sauvages" selon les termes de l’époque, vivant aux marges de la loi dans le Belleville des débuts du XXe siècle, étroitement surveillés par la police mais s’affranchissant des règles par le vol, le coup de couteau, l’usage du revolver, la vie du milieu, l’organisation de la prostitution et du racket.</div>
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Les Mémoires de Casque d’or ont été recueillis dans le journal Le Fait divers en 1902, au moment où Amélie Elie, égérie des Apaches, prostituée célèbre, amante de deux chefs rivaux, Manda de la Courtille et Leca de Charonne, est déjà devenue une figure du folklore parisien. Elle y raconte sa vie de manière vivante et imagée, insistant sur ses amours et l’atmosphère au sein de la communauté des hors-la-loi.</div>
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La Médaille de mort, écrit en 1905, fait récit détaillé de la mort d’un jeune policier, Joseph Besse, assassiné par un souteneur et sa prostituée d’un coup de revolver à bout portant à la sortie d’un café de la rue des Amandiers, à Charonne. C’est un bandit connu des services de police, et le narrateur est un gardien de la paix, Eugène Corsy. L’assassin, arrêté, jugé, échappera de peu à la guillotine.<br />
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Ces deux textes proposent deux points de vue différents sur ces bandes du milieu parisien de la Belle Epoque. Celui de la police, dans La Médaille de mort, moral, descriptif, cherchant à culpabiliser les fauteurs de trouble et à rendre hommage au policier assassiné : ce point de vue illustre une demande grandissante de sécurité, la construction d’un martyr, et une dénonciation assez paranoïaque de la montée du péril "barbare". Par contraste, Les Mémoires de Casque d’or font naître une mythologie du Paris canaille, justifient les actions des Apaches, décrivent leur vie de tous les jours, les dangers encourus, l’organisation, la hiérarchie, le sens de l’honneur, les amours, et croquent ce Paris Belle Epoque dans la langue argotique employée dans le Ménilmontant populaire.</div>
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Ces deux récits sont littéraires, le premier sur le mode du compte-rendu de fait divers, mimant la presse du moment ; le second sur celui des mémoires du peuple, parole populaire mise en forme par un journaliste d’un hebdomadaire à succès.</div>
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L’intérêt de ces textes croisés est de faire revivre un certain Paris oublié, son espace et sa topographie, ses cafés et ses caches, ses habitudes, ses métiers, ses mots, ses milieux divers, sa dangerosité, son souhait de sécurité et en même temps son besoin de folklore hors-la-loi. Comme si la ville et ses habitants éprouvaient tout à la fois le désir de se faire peur et le besoin de se rassurer.</div>
</div>
Centre de recherches en histoire du XIXe siècle</a>, <b>Quentin Deluermoz</b> est agrégé et docteur en histoire.</div>
</div>
NC
Mercure de France
6 novembre 2008
Non précisé
Ouvrage
The sociology of city life
, société urbaine, sociologie urbaine, urbanité, genèse des villes, forme urbaine, aménagement urbain, habitants, pauvreté, délinquance, santé, health, service public, gouvernance, Carpenter Niles
Contents :
I. The beginnings of city life :
1. The origin of city life
2. The emergence of urbanism
II. The location of the city :
1. The urban site
2. General geographic location
III. The physical setting of city life :
1. The developmental history of Rome as an epitome of the principles of urban structure and growth
2. The structure of the city
3. The city and its region
IV. City growth and its control (city and regional planning):
1. Types and direction of urban growth
2. The extent of urban growth
3. The consequences of urban growth
4. The control of city growth - city and regional planning
V. The dweller in the city -
1. The size of urban populations
2. The composition of urban populations
3. Births and deaths
VI. The urban way of life - the impact of the city upon personality
1. The conditioned responses characteristic of city life
2. The significance of conditioning influences characteristic of city life
VII. The urban way of life - work, home, worship, recreation:
1. Work
2. Home
3. Recreation
4. Religion
VII. The debit side of city life - poverty :
1. Poverty
IX. The debit side of city life - crime and vice :
1. Crime
2. Organized vice
X. The debit side of city life - mental deficiency - mental disease - suicide
1. Mental deficiency and mental disease
XI. The economy of city life :
1. The supply services of the city
2. Waste disposal in the city
XII. The econonmy of city life - public utilities - public services - government and administration :
1. Public utilities and public services
2. Government and administration
XIII. The urban prospect
1. Short-run trends in city life
2. The urban outcome
XIV. The urban outcome - an historical postscript :
1. Existing tendencies in city life
2. Possible alternative outcomes of existing tendencies
3. Possible fundamental changes in the nature of city life
4. An historical postscript
Niles Carpenter was Head of the Sociology Department and Dean of the School of Social Work at the University of Buffalo.
Niles Carpenter
Longmans, Green and Co.
1931
502
Ouvrage
hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015002611328
The city
, , sociologie urbaine, urbanité, société urbaine, écologie urbaine, croissance urbaine, voisinage, sans-domicile, community, communauté, délinquance, mentality, mentalité, Park Robert E., Burgess Ernest W., McKenzie Roderick D., Wirth Louis
Contents :
Robert E. Park - The city : Suggestions for the investigation of human behavior in the urban environment
Ernest W. Burgess - The growth of the city : An introduction to a research project
R. D. McKenzie - The ecological approach to the study of the human community
Robert E. Park - The natural history of the newspaper
Robert E. Park - Community organization and juvenile delinquency
Robert E. Park - Community organization and the romantic temper
Robert E. Park - Magic, mentality, and city life
Ernest W. Burgess - Can neighborhood work have a scientific basis?
Robert E. Park - The mind of the hobo : Reflections upon the relation between mentality and locomotion
Louis Wirth - A bibliography of the urban community
Robert E. Park taught at Harvard, the University of Chicago and Fisk University and was President of the American Sociological Association and the Chicago Urban League.
Ernest W. Burgess was the Chair of the Sociology Department at the University of Chicago and published such works as 'Introduction to science of sociology' (1921).
Roderick D. McKenzie taught in the Sociology Department at the University of Chicago and authored such books as 'The metropolitan community' (1933).
Louis Wirth taught in the Sociology Department at the University of Chicago and was the author of books including 'The ghetto' (1928).
Robert E. Park
Ernest W. Burgess
Roderick D. McKenzie
Louis Wirth (bibilography)
The University of Chicago Press
1927
239
Ouvrage
http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015002617903
Nous... La Cité
Banlieue, Nanterre, cité, conflit, chômage, police, justice, délinquance, discrimination, émigré, emploi, exclusion, ghetto, grand ensemble, habitants, identité, inégalité résidentielle, inégalité spatiale, injustice
<div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>
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Quand quatre jeunes de banlieue se prennent d’écrire leur quotidien avec un de leurs éducateurs pendant plus d’un an, ça envoie du lourd.</div>
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Entre provocations policières, soirées à tchatcher dans les halls d’immeuble, jugements et appels, embrouilles à la con, boulots foireux, visites en prison, heures d’ennui et éclats de rire, c’est le quotidien d’un quartier populaire comme tant d’autres qui est raconté.</div>
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Mais c’est sans doute des mots que viendront les solutions. La découverte de l’écriture et du pouvoir de ces foutus mots. Face à des flics. Face à des juges. Face à soi-même.</div>
</div>
<b>A noter :</b> les éditions Zones donnent gratuitement accès au contenu des livres qu'elles publient en espérant que ces "lybers" vous donneront envie d’acheter leurs livres, disponibles dans toutes les bonnes librairies. Car c’est la vente de livres qui permet de rémunérer l’auteur, l’éditeur et le libraire, et de vous proposer de nouveaux lybers et de nouveaux livres.</div>
</div>
Rachid Ben Bella, Sylvain Erambert, Riadh Lakhéchene, Alexandre Philibert et Joseph ponthus
Zones
2012
250
Ouvrage
http://www.editions-zones.fr/spip.php?page=lyberplayer&id_article=162