Géographie d'une presqu'île. Retour à Villiers-le-Bel
banlieue populaire, cadre de vie, témoignage, Villiers-le-Bel, Gonesse,Le Braz Éric
Présentation par l'éditeur : Trente-cinq ans après y avoir grandi, Éric Le Braz est retourné à Villiers-le-Bel et à Gonesse pour comprendre pourquoi les cités radieuses des trente glorieuses étaient devenues des terres sans avenir. Pendant ce voyage en banlieue nord, et dans sa mémoire, il a revu ses copains d’alors et ses profs d’antan. Il a aussi rencontré des dizaines de banlieusards d’aujourd’hui qui lui ont raconté leur quotidien, leurs difficultés et leurs rêves. Car ce récit, qui confronte les souvenirs d’un ado avec les réalités de ceux qui n’ont pas obtenu leur « ticket de sortie », est également une recherche sur les mystères de l’ascension sociale. À rebours du folklore banlieusard et des jugements à l’emporte-pièce sur ces marges de la République, Géographie d’une presqu’île est l’histoire souvent touchante et inattendue d’une nouvelle France, vivante et rebelle, qui s’invente aux lisières de l’agglomération parisienne. Éric Le Braz est journaliste.
Villes et sociétés urbaines en Amérique coloniale
ville coloniale, société urbaine, Amérique, Grunberg Bernard
Présentation par l'éditeur : La fondation des villes espagnoles outre-Atlantique a permis de dominer l'espace conquis. Instrument de la colonisation, les nouvelles cités ont été les lieux d'installation privilégiés des conquérants et des premiers colons. Fondées sur un modèle exporté de l'Ancien Monde, les nouvelles villes ont cependant connu des changements et ont vu se développer en leur sein une société multiculturelle. est professeur d'Histoire Moderne à l'université de Reims.
Cultural diversity in Russian cities : The urban landscape in the Post-Soviet era
, mixité sociale, espace public, migrant, immigration, cosmopolitisme, identité, intégration, tissu urbain, lien social, espace résidentiel, sociologie urbaine, société urbaine, Russia, Russie, fragmentation sociale, Gdaniec Cordula
Abstract from the publisher : Cultural diversity — the multitude of different lifestyles that are not necessarily based on ethnic culture — is a catchphrase increasingly used in place of multiculturalism and in conjunction with globalization. Even though it is often used as a slogan it does capture a widespread phenomenon that cities must contend with in dealing with their increasingly diverse populations. The contributors examine how Russian cities are responding and through case studies from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Novosibirsk, and Sochi explore the ways in which different cultures are inscribed into urban spaces, when and where they are present in public space, and where and how they carve out their private spaces. Through its unique exploration of the Russian example, this volume addresses the implications of the fragmented urban landscape on cultural practices and discourses, ethnicity, lifestyles and subcultures, and economic practices, and in doing so provides important insights applicable to a global context. Contents : 1. Cultural Diversity Between Staging and the Everyday – Experiences from Moscow, St. Petersburg and Other Russian Cities. An Introduction - Cordula Gdaniec 2. Is Chinese Space “Chinese?” New Migrants in St. Petersburg - Megan Dixon 3. Contructions of the “Other”: Racialization of Migrants in Moscow and Novosibirsk - Larisa Kosygina 4. Reshaping Living Space: Concepts of Home Represented by Women Migrants Working in St.Petersburg - Olga Brednikova / Olga Tkach 5. African Communities in Moscow and St. Petersburg: Inclusion and Exclusion to Social Life in Russia - Svetlana Boltovskaya 6. The Construction of ‘Marginality’ and ‘Normality’ – In Search of a Collective Identity Among Youth Cultural Scenes in Sochi - Irina Kosterina / Ulia Andreeva 7. “You Know What Kind of Place This is, Don’t You?” An Exploration of Lesbian Spaces In Moscow - Katja Sarajeva 8. Begging as Economic Practice: Urban Niches in Central St. Petersburg - Maria Scattone Cordula Gdaniec is currently an independent researcher. From 2003–2008, she was a Research Fellow and Lecturer at the Department of European Ethnology at Humboldt University in Berlin.
What we see : Advancing the observations of Jane Jacobs
Jacobs Jane, Goldsmith Stephen A., Elizabeth Lynne, , aménagement urbain, voisinage, perception, rue, infrastructures, économie, sauvegarde, mixité sociale, renouvellement urbain, concertation locale, participation
Abstract from the publisher : A timely revisitation of renowned urbanist-activist Jane Jacobs' lifework, What We See invites thirty pundits and practitioners across fields to refresh Jacobs' economic, social and urban planning theories for the present day. Combining personal and professional observations with meditations on Jacobs' insights, essayists bring their diverse experience to bear to sketch the blueprints for the living city. The book models itself after Jacobs' collaborative approach to city and community building, asking community members and niche specialists to share their knowledge with a broader community, to work together toward a common goal of building the 21st century city. The resulting collection of original essays expounds and expands Jacobs' ideas on the qualities of a vibrant, robust urban area. It offers the generalist, the activist, and the urban planner practical examples of the benefits of planning that encourages community participation, pedestrianism, diversity, environmental responsibility and self-sufficiency. Bob Sirman, director of the Canada Council for the Arts, describes how built form should be an embodiment of a community narrative. Daniel Kemmis, former Mayor of Missoula, shares an imagined dialog with Jacobs,' discussing the delicate interconnection between cities and their surrounding rural areas. And Roberta Brandes Gratz—urban critic, author, and former head of Public Policy of the New York State Preservation League—asserts the importance of architectural preservation to environmentally sound urban planning practices. What We See asks us all to join the conversation about next steps for shaping socially just, environmentally friendly, and economically prosperous urban communities. Contents : Introduction: Stephen Goldsmith and Lynne Elizabeth, Eyes Wide Open Section 1: Vitality of the Neighborhood 1.1 Deanne Taylor, Between Utopias 1.2 Ray Suarez, Jane Jacobs and the "Battle for the Street" 1.3 Sanford Ikeda, The Mirage of the Efficient City 1.4 Nabeel Hamdi, The Intelligence of Informality 1.5 Nan Ellin, The Tao of Urbanism: Integrating Observation with Action Section 2: The Virtues of Seeing 2.1 Arlene Goldbard, Nine Ways of Looking at Ourselves (Looking at Cities) 2.2 Mindy Thompson Fullilove, The Logic of Small Pieces: A Story in Three Ballets 2.3 Alexie M. Torres-Fleming, Of Things Seen and Unseen 2.4 Rob Cowan, The Fine Arts of Seeing: Professions, Places, Arts, and Urban Design Section 3: Cities, Villages, Streets 3.1 Daniel Kemmis, Cities and the Wealth of Places 3.2 Elizabeth Macdonald and Allan Jacobs, Queen Street 3.3 Kenneth Greenberg, The Interconnectedness of Things 3.4 David Crombie, Jane Jacobs: The Toronto Experience 3.5 Matias Sendoa Echanove & Rahul Srivastava, The Village Inside Section 4: The Organized Complexity Of Planning 4.1 James Stockard, The Obligation to Listen, Learn and Teach—Patiently 4.2 Robert Sirman, Built Form and the Metaphor of Storytelling 4.3 Chester Hartman, Steps Toward a Just Metropolis 4.4 Peter Zlonicky, Illuminating Germany: Observations on Urban Planning Policies in the Light of Jane Jacobs 4.5 Jaime Lerner, Reviving Cities Section 5: Design for Nature, Design for People 5.1 Janine Benyus, Recognizing What Works: A Conscious Emulation of Life's Genius 5.2 Hillary Brown, "Co-development" as a Principle for Next Generation Infrastructure 5.3 Richard Register, Jane Jacobs Basics 5.4 Roberta Brandes Gratz, Jane Jacobs: Environmental Preservationist 5.5 Jan Gehl, For You Jane 5.6 Janette Sadik-Khan, Think of a City and What Comes to Mind? Its Streets 5.7 Clare Cooper Marcus, The Needs of Children in Contemporary Cities Section 6: Economic Instinct 6.1 Saskia Sassen, When Places Have Deep Economic Histories 6.2 Susan Witt, The Grace of Import Replacement 6.3 Pierre Desrochers & Samuli Leppälä, Rethinking "Jacobs Spillovers," or How Diverse Cities Actually Make Individuals More Creative and Economically Successful 6.4 Ron Shiffman, Beyond Green Jobs: Seeking a New Paradigm Epilogue: Mary Rowe, Jane's Cup of Tea Lynne Elizabeth is founder and director of New Village Press. She is past president of Architects/ Designers/ Planners for Social Responsibility (ADPSR). Stephen A. Goldsmith is an urban planner, artist and scholar, and Associate Professor in City and Metropolitan Planning at the University of Utah.
Manhattan projects : The rise and fall of urban renewal in Cold War New York
, histoire urbaine, renouvellement urbain, fragmentation sociale, forme urbaine, ségrégation urbaine, désindustrialisation, déplacement de population, New York, Zipp Samuel
Abstract from the publisher : Moving beyond the usual good-versus-evil story that pits master-planner Robert Moses against the plucky neighborhood advocate Jane Jacobs, Samuel Zipp sheds new light on the rise and fall of New York's urban renewal in the decades after World War II. Focusing on four iconic "Manhattan projects"--the United Nations building, Stuyvesant Town, Lincoln Center, and the great swaths of public housing in East Harlem--Zipp unearths a host of forgotten stories and characters that flesh out the conventional history of urban renewal. He shows how boosters hoped to make Manhattan the capital of modernity and a symbol of American power, but even as the builders executed their plans, a chorus of critics revealed the dark side of those Cold War visions, attacking urban renewal for perpetuating deindustrialization, racial segregation, and class division; for uprooting thousands, and for implanting a new, alienating cityscape. Cold War-era urban renewal was not merely a failed planning ideal, Zipp concludes, but also a crucial phase in the transformation of New York into both a world city and one mired in urban crisis. Samuel Zipp is Assistant Professor of American Civilization and Urban Studies at Brown University.
Favela : Four decades of living on the edge in Rio de Janeiro
, squat, bidonville, favela, migrant, sociologie urbaine, emploi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Brésil, Perlman Janice
Abstract from the publisher : A billion people, almost half of all city dwellers in the developing world, live in squatter settlements. The most famous of these settlements are the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, which have existed for over a century and continue to outpace the rest of the city in growth. Janice Perlman's award-winning The Myth of Marginality was the first in-depth account of life in the favelas, and it is considered one of the most important books in global urban studies in the last 40 years. Now, in Favela , Perlman carries that story forward to the present. Re-interviewing many longtime favela residents whom she had first met in 1969--as well as their children and grandchildren--Perlman offers the only long-term perspective available on the favela families as they struggle for a better life. Perlman discovers that much has changed in four decades, but while educational levels have risen, democracy has replaced dictatorship, and material conditions have improved, many residents feel more marginalized than ever. The greatest change is the explosion of drug and arms trade and the high incidence of fatal violence that has resulted. Almost one in five people report that a member of their family has been a victim of homicide. Yet the highest priority for the residents is jobs. Above all they want a chance to do decent work for decent pay. If unemployment and under-employment are not addressed, Perlman argues, all other efforts - from housing to public security to community upgrading - will fail to resolve the fundamental issues. A revealing study of the giant squatter settlements of Rio de Janeiro and of the vibrant communities of migrants who have risked everything to come to the city to provide more opportunities for their children, Favela offers a powerful look at one of the great challenges facing the modern world. Janice Perlman is President and Founder of the Mega-Cities Project. Winner of a Guggenheim Award, she has been Professor of Urban and Regional Planning at the University of California-Berkeley, Visiting Professor of Urban and Regional Planning at Columbia University, and a Senior Research Scholar at New York University. She is also the author of The Myth of Marginality: Urban Poverty and Politics in Rio de Janeiro , winner of the 1976 C. Wright Mills Award.
Urban modernity: Cultural innovation in the second Industrial Revolution
, histoire urbaine, mutation sociale, mutation urbaine, culture urbaine, nineteenth century, dix-neuvième siècle
Abstract from the publisher : At the close of the nineteenth century, industrialization and urbanization marked the end of the traditional understanding of society as rooted in agriculture. Urban Modernity examines the construction of an urban-centered, industrial-based culture—an entirely new social reality based on science and technology. The authors show that this invention of modernity was brought about through the efforts of urban elites—businessmen, industrialists, and officials—to establish new science- and technology-related institutions. International expositions, museums, and other such institutions and projects helped stem the economic and social instability fueled by industrialization, projecting contemporary developments as part of a steady continuum of scientific and technical progress. The authors examine the dynamic that connectied urban planning, museums, educational institutions, and expositions in Paris, London, Chicago, Berlin, and Tokyo from 1870 to 1930. In Third Republic Paris, politicians, administrators, social scientists, architects, and engineers implemented a new form of the city through a series of commissions, agencies, and organizations; in rapidly expanding London, cultures of science and technology were both rooted in and constitutive of urban culture; in Chicago after the Great Fire, members of the Commercial Club pursued civic ideals through scientific and technological change; in Berlin, industry, scientific institutes, and the popularization of science helped create a modern metropolis; and in Meiji-era Tokyo (Edo), modernization and Westernization went hand in hand. Contents : Dynamic Triad : City, Exposition, and Museum in Industrial Society - Miriam Levin Bringing the Future to Earth in Paris, 1851–1914 - Miriam Levin From Modern Babylon to White City : Science, Technology, and Urban Change in London, 1870–1914 - Sophie Forgan The Counterrevolution of Progress : A Civic Culture of Modernity in Chicago, 1880–1910 - Robert H. Kargon "Damned Always to Alter, but Never to Be" : Berlin's Culture of Change Around 1900 - Martina Hessler Promoting Scientific and Technological Change in Tokyo, 1870–1930 : Museums, Industrial Exhibitions, and the City - Morris Low Coda - Miriam Levin
Montpellier, aménagement, stratégie métropolitaine, forme urbaine, gouvernance, métropole, tramway, résidentialisation, Volle Jean-Paul, Viala laurent, Négrier Emmanuel, Bernié-Boissard Catherine
Présentation par l'éditeur : Montpellier est passée du statut de capitale régionale à celui de technopole jusqu’à s’afficher peu à peu métropole. Concernant les questions d’urbanisme et d’aménagement, cette ville singulière constitue ainsi un riche terrain d’étude pour les chercheurs qui, ici, s’attachent à analyser stratégies et projets urbains. Intégrant le regard de trois disciplines — architecture, géographie, science politique — ils appréhendent des dimensions complémentaires qui permettent de mieux lire la ville : ses formes urbaines, ses modes de gouvernance et l’aménagement de ses espaces. De Polygone à Odysseum en passant par Montpellier-Grand-Cœur, le tramway, les opérations de résidentialisation, les politiques culturelles ou le Schéma de cohérence territoriale, l’ouvrage s’articule autour des grands projets et dévoile les problématiques d’un territoire en mouvement, au cœur de la question métropolitaine, partant d’un "territoire projeté" pour affirmer un "style de ville". Ce livre est le cinquième d’une série d’ouvrages spécifiques à chacune des villes ayant participé au programme Popsu (Plate-forme d’observation des montpellier la ville inventée sous la direction de Jean-paul Volle laurent Viala emmanuel négrier Catherine bernié-boissard Parenthèses projets et stratégies urbaines). Sommaire : • Laurent Viala, Jean-Paul Volle : La quête d’une dimension métropolitaine La ville par Le projet • Laurent Viala, Jean-Paul Volle : de polygone à odysseum, un dessin / dessein de ville • Catherine Bernié-Boissard, Jean-Paul Volle : Le réseau du tramway • Sylvain Barone : Le projet grand cœur • Sophie Chédiac, Catherine Bernié-Boissard : La résidentialisation • Laurent Viala, Jean-Paul Volle : Le schéma de cohérence territoriaLe • Emmanuel Négrier, Laurent Viala, Jean-Paul Volle : regards croisés sur Les opérations Trois figures d’une métropole en devenir • Emmanuel Négrier, Julien Préau : culture urbaine, cultures métropolitaines • Catherine Bernié-Boissard, Laurent Viala, Jean-Paul Volle : La nécessaire dimension régionale • Laurent Viala : espace public et centralité dans Le projet métropolitain • Emmanuel Négrier, Julien Préau, Laurent Viala, Jean-Paul Volle : La ville d’après
Beyond preservation : Using public history to revitalize inner cities
, sauvegarde, histoire urbaine, histoire de l'architecture, participation, patrimoine, habitants, citadin, démocratie participative, aménagement urbain, lieu public, Hurley Andrew
Abstract from the publisher : Across the United States, historic preservation has become a catalyst for urban regeneration. Entrepreneurs, urban pioneers, and veteran city dwellers have refurbished thousands of dilapidated properties and put them to productive use as shops, restaurants, nightclubs, museums, and private residences. As a result, inner-cities, once disparaged as zones of poverty, crime, and decay have been re-branded as historic districts. Although these preservation initiatives, often supported by government tax incentives and rigid architectural controls, deserve credit for bringing people back to the city, raising property values, and generating tourist revenue, they have been less successful in creating stable and harmonious communities. Beyond Preservation proposes a framework for stabilizing and strengthening inner-city neighborhoods through the public interpretation of historic landscapes. Its central argument is that inner-city communities can best turn preserved landscapes into assets by subjecting them to public interpretation at the grass-roots. Based on an examination of successful projects in St. Louis, Missouri and other U.S. cities, Andrew Hurley demonstrates how rigorous historical analysis can help communities articulate a local identity and plan intelligently on the basis of existing cultural and social assets. Andrew Hurley is Professor of History at the University of Missouri-St.Louis.
Distributed urbanism : Cities after Google Earth
, aménagement, aménagement urbain, réseaux, aménagement de l'espace, analyse spatiale, forme urbaine, mutation urbaine, morphologie urbaine, décroissance, espace public, Wilkins Gretchen, Google Earth
Abstract from the publisher : What form of housing will emerge in Dubai, where the majority of the population are non-citizens and average length of stay three days? How will depopulating cities reclaim vacant space, reorganize infrastructure and redefine their economic identity? What type of architecture results from the prevalence of airborne contaminants? What kind of urbanism does Google Earth produce? Exploring the increasingly decentralized systems through which cities are organized and produced, Distributed Urbanism highlights the architectural practices that are emerging in response. Unlike early models of urbanism, in which centralized models of production, communication and governance were sited within a central business district, contemporary urbanism is shaped by remote, distributed mechanisms such as information technologies, (i.e. SatNav, Google Earth, E-trade, Photosynth or RSS web feeds) cooperative economic models and environmental networks, many of which are physically remote from the cities they shape. Consisting of a collection of case studies on global cities including Rotterdam, Tokyo, Barcelona, Detroit, Hong Kong, Dubai, Beijing and Mumbai, Distributed Urbanism draws on these cities in relation to current events, urban schemes and demographic data. All the contributors, a combination of commentators on urbanism and architecture, as well as practitioners in the field, are admired for their work in the area of urban change. Contents : Foreword - Felicity Scott Introduction - Gretchen Wilkins 1. The City You Can’t See on Google Earth - Ilka and Andreas Ruby 2. Rural Urbanism: Thriving Under the Radar – Beijing’s Villages in the City - Robert Mangurian and MaryAnn Ray 3. Rotterdam 1979-2007: From Ideology to Market Communism and Beyond - Michael Speaks 4. MegaHouse - Hitoshi Abe and Masashige Motoe 5. BORDERLAND/BORDERAMA/DETROIT - Jerry Herron 6. Rubble in the Sand - Jan van Schaik and Simon Drysdale 7. Density of Emptiness - Jason Young 8. Antisepsis - Li Shiqiao 9. BEYOND URBANISM:Mumbai and the cultivation of an Eye - Anuradha Mathur and Dilip da Cunha 10. Resurrecting Cities: Instant Urban Planning - Ignasi Pérez Arnal, translated by Oscar Yanez del Mazo 11. Productive Residue: The Casting of Alternative Public Space - Dan Pitera 12. Bubble Cities: Airports, Islands and Nomads - Gretchen Wilkins Gretchen Wilkins is Senior Lecturer in Architecture at RMIT University in Melbourne, teaching in the Urban Architecture Laboratory and is a co-coordinator of the World Architecture Workshop.
L’Eau mondialisée - La gouvernance en question
, aménagement, aménagement urbain, maillage, collectivités locales, culture urbaine, gentrification, pauvreté, renouvellement urbain, déplacement de population, coopérative d'habitants, logement, lien social, espace urbain, forme urbaine, mémoire, désindustrialisation
Présentation par l'éditeur : Face à un champ de l'eau traditionnellement fragmenté en de multiples thématiques rivales - réseau, ressource, service public, marchandise, bien collectif, droit à l'eau -, le présent ouvrage, façonné au sein d'un véritable atelier pluridisciplinaire, le « rés-eau-ville » du CNRS, rassemblant des spécialistes venus des divers horizons des sciences humaines et sociales, entend contribuer à une indispensable "réunification". Au fil d'exemples nationaux, régionaux ou locaux et sur quatre continents (Europe, Amérique latine, Afrique, Asie), se dessine avec force le fil conducteur qui rattache la gestion de l'eau au processus de la mondialisation. L'eau mondialisée apparaît comme un laboratoire global où s'élaborent des gouvernances aussi diverses qu'originales. Les modèles anciens sont bousculés par la dynamique des forces sociales : usagers, collectivités territoriales, ONG, technocraties nationales et internationales... Des expériences sont engagées, des conflits éclatent, des compromis se nouent, des pratiques reçoivent valeur juridique, des institutions sont mises en place : par-delà ce bouillonnement d'idées et d'initiatives se profile l'un des enjeux majeurs du XXIe siècle, à savoir la prise en charge collective d'un accès à l'eau du plus grand nombre. Graciela Schneier-Madanes est architecte et géographe. Directeur de recherche au CNRS et directeur d’études à l’Institut des hautes études de l’Amérique latine (IHEAL, université Paris-III Sorbonne nou-velle), elle dirige le "rés-eau-ville" ainsi que le groupement de recherche international du CNRS.
Le logement social en Europe au début du XXIe siècle. La révision générale
logement social, politique du logement, parc locatif social, modèle social, Europe, Lévy-Vroelant Claire, Tutin Christian
Présentation par l'éditeur : Cet ouvrage analyse les transformations du logement social dans l’Union européenne au cours des trois dernières décennies. La politique du logement offre une excellente illustration de la difficulté à définir et à promouvoir un "modèle social européen" et le constat est celui d’une "révision générale" : missions, modes de financement et gouvernance. Au-delà de la distinction désormais classique entre modèles résiduel, généraliste et universaliste, il en ressort que les évolutions récentes vont parfois à l’encontre de certaines idées reçues. Sommaire : Claire LÉVY-VROELANT et Christian TUTIN - Introduction : état-providence et logement social, ou l'introuvable modèle social européen Kathleen SCANLON et Christine WHITEHEAD - Le logement social en Europe : tendances communes et diversités persistantes Première partie Modèle résiduel versus modèle généraliste Marja ELSINGA et Frank WASSENBERG - L’exception néerlandaise Declan REDMOND et Michelle NORRIS - Irlande, un logement social spécialisé Judith ALLEN - Pays du Sud : au risque de la propriété Deuxième partie Le modèle généraliste : un standard européen contesté Christoph REINPRECHT - Autriche, l’adieu à la classe ouvrière Kathleen SCANLON et Hedvig VESTERGAARD - Danemark, ou l’art de résoudre des problèmes inexistants Claire LÉVY-VROELANT et Christian TUTIN - France : un modèle généraliste en question Bengt TURNER et Lena MAGNUSON - Suède, la fin d’un modèle ? Troisième partie Entre déclin et renouveau : les voies de la réforme Christiane DROSTE et Thomas KNORR-SIEDOW - Allemagne : la peau de chagrin Christine WHITEHEAD - Le laboratoire anglais József HEGEDÜS - Pays de l’Est : douloureuses transitions Perspectives Laurent GHEKIÈRE - Repenser le logement social en Europe Claire Lévy-Vroelant est professeure de sociologie à l’université Paris 8 (Saint-Denis) et chercheuse au Centre de recherche sur l’habitat (UMR LAVUE). Christian Tutin est professeur d’économie à l’université de Paris Est-Créteil et directeur du Réseau socio-économie de l’habitat depuis juin 2004.
Claire Lévy-Vroelant, Christian Tutin, (dir.)
La pauvreté durable ? Au Bangladesh, à Dhaka et dans le monde
pauvreté, bidonville, insalubrité, enfant des rues, mondialisation, Dacca, Bangladesh, Le Quément Joël
Présentation par l'éditeur : L'Asie du Sud est devenue "l'épicentre de la pauvreté mondiale" avec près de 40% de la population pauvre du monde. L'évolution de la société bangladaise est caractérisée par cette pauvreté massive (surpopulation, espace de vie limité, risque climatique croissant, manque d'eau potable). Le temps pour une gouvernance de la solidarité contre la bidonvilisation de la grande cité est venu. Parmi les chantiers à privilégier, celui de l'éducation des enfants des bidonvilles. Joël Le Quément est docteur en sciences économiques, ancien fonctionnaire à la Commission européenne.
Colonial metropolis : The urban grounds of anti-imperialism and feminism in interwar Paris
, sciences politiques, sociologie urbaine, migrant, immigration, culture urbaine, participation, marxisme, colonisation, histoire urbaine, Paris, Boittin Jennifer Anne
Abstract from the publisher : World War I gave colonial migrants and French women unprecedented access to the workplaces and nightlife of Paris. After the war they were expected to return without protest to their homes–either overseas or metropolitan. Neither group, however, was willing to be discarded. Between the world wars, the mesmerizing capital of France’s colonial empire attracted denizens from Africa, the Caribbean, and the United States. Paris became not merely their home but also a site for political engagement. Colonial Metropolis tells the story of the interactions and connections of these black colonial migrants and white feminists in the social, cultural, and political world of interwar Paris and of how both were denied certain rights lauded by the Third Republic such as the vote, how they suffered from sensationalist depictions in popular culture, and how they pursued parity in ways that were often interpreted as politically subversive. This compelling book maps the intellectual and physical locales that the disenfranchised residents of Paris frequented, revealing where their stories intersected and how the personal and local became political and transnational. With a focus on art, culture, and politics, this study reveals how both groups considered themselves inhabitants of a colonial metropolis and uncovers the strategies they used to colonize the city. Together, through the politics of anti-imperialism, communism, feminism, and masculinity, these urbanites connected performances of colonial and feminine tropes, such as Josephine Baker’s, to contestations of the colonial system. Jennifer Anne Boittin is Josephine Berry Weiss Early Career Professor in the Humanities and an assistant professor of French, francophone studies, and history at the Pennsylvania State University.
Requiem : For the city at the end of the millenium
, aménagement, aménagement urbain, forme urbaine, modernisation, mutation urbaine, histoire de l'architecture, twenty-first century, vingt-et-unième siècle, twentieth century, vingtième siècle, Kwinter Sanford
Abstract from the publisher : In this small, but sharply-pointed book, renowned theorist Sanford Kwinter addresses the sometimes subtle, sometimes brutal transformations that characterized the modernization processes set into motion at the turn of the millennium. From the strange appearance of the 'Trojan Horse' that was the Centre Pompidou which served as the harbinger and template of the new idea of "Europe", through the dot.com bubble of the late 1990s, to the destruction of the World Trade Center Towers in New York, a new world came into being that design thinking has yet to fully take into account. The City is here seen not only as the last frontier of human history currently under threat of total eclipse, it is the indomitable form of collective experience upon which one can count as assuredly as one can on death and taxes. Requiem, to quote from Thomas Daniell's introduction, is first and foremost redemptive: "Kwinter's most negative assessments of the city are driven by a deep commitment to its sublime potentials--a desire to sacralize the most profane and fecund of human creations". Sanford Kwinter is Professor of Architectural Theory and Criticism and co-Director of the Master of Design Studies at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design.
Streets of memory : Landscape, tolerance, and national identity in Istanbul
, ethnologie, géographie urbaine, société urbaine, sociologie urbaine, voisinage, mixité sociale, mémoire, cosmopolitisme, histoire urbaine, Istanbul, Mills Amy, culture urbaine
Abstract from the publisher : In this study of Kuzguncuk, known as one of Istanbul’s historically most tolerant, multiethnic neighborhoods, Amy Mills is animated by a single question: what does it mean to live in a place that once was—but no longer is—ethnically and religiously diverse? “Turkification” drove out most of Kuzguncuk’s minority Greeks, Armenians, and Jews in the mid-twentieth century, but they left behind potent vestiges of their presence in the cityscape. Mills analyzes these places in a street-by-street ethnographic tour. She looks at how memory is conveyed and contested in Kuzguncuk’s built environment, whether through the popular television programs filmed on location there or in the cross-class alliance that sprung up to advocate the preservation of an old market garden. Overall, she finds that the neighborhood’s landscape not only connotes feelings of “belonging and familiarity” connected to a “narrative of historic multiethnic harmony” but also makes these ideas appear to be uncontestably real, or true. The resulting nostalgia bolsters a version of Turkish nationalism that seems cosmopolitan and benign. This study of memories of interethnic relationships in a local place examines why the cultural memory of tolerance has become so popular and raises questions regarding the nature and meaning of cosmopolitanism in the contemporary Middle East. A major contribution to urban studies, human geography, and Middle East studies, Streets of Memory is imbued with a sense of genuine connection to Istanbul and the people who live there. Amy Mills is an assistant professor in the department of geography at the University of South Carolina.
Cities, texts and social networks, 400–1500
Goodson Caroline, Lester Anne E., Symes Carol, moyen âge, middle ages, , histoire urbaine, histoire de l'architecture, société urbaine, espace urbain, réseaux, espace sacré
Abstract from the publisher : Cities, Texts and Social Networks examines the experiences of urban life from late antiquity through the close of the fifteenth century, in regions ranging from late Imperial Rome to Muslim Syria, Iraq and al-Andalus, England, the territories of medieval Francia, Flanders, the Low Countries, Italy and Germany. Together, the volume's contributors move beyond attempts to define 'the city' in purely legal, economic or religious terms. Instead, they focus on modes of organisation, representation and identity formation that shaped the ways urban spaces were called into being, used and perceived. Their interdisciplinary analyses place narrative and archival sources in communication with topography, the built environment and evidence of sensory stimuli in order to capture sights, sounds, physical proximities and power structures. Paying close attention to the delineation of public and private spaces, and secular and sacred precincts, each chapter explores the workings of power and urban discourse and their effects on the making of meaning. The volume as a whole engages theoretical discussions of urban space - its production, consumption, memory and meaning - which too frequently misrepresent the evidence of the Middle Ages. It argues that the construction and use of medieval urban spaces could foster the emergence of medieval 'public spheres' that were fundamental components and by-products of pre-modern urban life. The resulting collection contributes to longstanding debates among historians while tackling fundamental questions regarding medieval society and the ways it is understood today. Many of these questions will resonate with scholars of postcolonial or 'non-Western' cultures whose sources and cities have been similarly marginalized in discussions of urban space and experience. And because these essays reflect a considerable geographical, temporal and methodological scope, they model approaches to the study of urban history that will interest a wide range of readers. Contents : Introduction - Caroline J. Goodson, Anne E. Lester and Carol Symes. Part 1 Constructing and Restructuring: Writing and restoration in Rome: inscriptions, statues and the late antique preservation of buildings - Gregor Kalas How to found an Islamic city - Hugh Kennedy Metropolitan architecture, demographics and the urban identity of Paris in the 13th century - Meredith Cohen Part 2 Topographies as Texts: The meaning of topography in Umayyad Córdoba - Ann Christys Crafting a charitable landscape: urban topographies in charters and testaments from medieval Champagne - Anne E. Lester Anger and spectacle in late medieval Rome: gauging emotion in urban topography - Joëlle Rollo-Koster and Alizah Holstein Part 3 Citizens and Saints: Local sanctity and civic typology in early medieval Pavia: the example of the cult of Abbot Maiolus of Cluny - Scott G. Bruce Cities and their saints in England, circa 1150–1300: the development of bourgeois values in the cults of Saint William of York and Saint Kenelm of Winchcombe - Sarah Rees Jones The myth of urban unity: religion and social performance in late medieval Braunschweig - Franz-Josef Arlinghaus Part 4 Agency and Authority: City as charter: charity and the lordship of English towns, 1170–1250 - Sethina Watson 'The best place in the world': imaging urban prisons in late medieval Italy - G.Geltner Out in the open, in Arras: sightlines, soundscapes and the shaping of a medieval public sphere - Carol Symes Caroline Goodson is a lecturer in History and Archaeology at Birkbeck College, University of London, UK. Anne E. Lester is Assistant Professor of History at the University of Colorado, Boulder, USA. Carol Symes is Associate Professor of History and Medieval Studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Manifestoes and transformations in the early modernist city
, aménagement, aménagement urbain, histoire urbaine, histoire de l'urbanisme, utopie, ville modèle, nineteenth century, dix-neuvième siècle, Cordua Christian Hermansen, mutation urbaine
Abstract from the publisher : The industrialization of the nineteenth-century European city facilitated developing conceptions of the model city, and allowed for large scale urban transformations. The urban discourse in the latter half of the nineteenth century was consequently dominated by a dialectic exchange between the ideal and the practical, a debate played out in the formation of the modern metropolis. Manifestoes and Transformations is the first work to deal with urban utopias and their relationship with actual urban interventions. Bringing together a carefully chosen, wide-ranging team of experts, the book provides a broad, contextual exploration of the ideas and urban practices which are the foundations of our conception of the contemporary city. As such, it is a valuable resource for students interested in the formation of the modernist city. Contents : Prologue - Christian Hermansen Cordua Part 1 Introduction: The Context: Utopian urbanism: ideals, practices and prospects - David Pinder News from Nowhere: a utopian dream - Edward Robbins The word on the street: Charles Baudelaire, Jacques Offenbach and the Paris of their time - Graeme Gilloch Part 2 Manifestoes: Urban Visions: The idea of modernity in Cerdà's Teoría General de la Urbanización - Christian Hermansen Cordua Exporting the German model: managing urban growth at the turn of the 1900s - Karl Otto Ellefsen Camillo Sitte: City Planning According to Artistic Principles, Vienna 1889 - Ruth Hanisch Mr Howard and the Garden City: a plain man's guide to the future - Dennis Hardy Patrick Geddes and Cities in Evolution: the writing and the readings of an intempestive classic - Pierre Chabard. Part 3 Transformations: Urban Praxis: Making London's modernity: capital, memory and nature - Dana Arnold Paris space: what might have constituted Haussmanization - David Van Zanten The eixample (ensanche) of Barcelona (1859 and after): theoretical and practical paradigm - Albert Serratosa The significance and impact of Vienna's Ringstrasse - David Frisby Berlin 1900 - Joachim Schlör Urban planning as representation: an examination of Harald Hals' General Plan for Oslo 1929 - Jonny Aspen Epilogue - Christian Hermansen Cordua
Spatial planning and urban development : Critical perspectives
, aménagement, aménagement de l'espace, aménagement urbain, développement urbain, politique publique, Palermo Pier Carlo, Ponzini Davide
Abstract from the publisher : Urban planning is a complex field of knowledge and practice. Through the decades, theoretical debate has formed an eclectic set of possible perspectives, without finding, in our opinion, a coherent paradigmatic framework which can adequately guide the interpretation and action in urban planning. The hypothesis of this book is that the attempts of founding an autonomous planning theory are inadequate if they do not explore two interconnected fields: architecture and public policies.The book critically reviews a selected set of current practices and theoretical founding works of modern and contemporary urban planning by highlighting the continuous search for the epistemic legitimization of a large variety of experiences. The distinctive contribution of this book is a documented critique to the eclecticism and abstraction of the main international trends in current planning theory. The dialogic relationship with the traditions of architecture and public policy is proposed here in order to critically review planning theory and practice. The outcome is the proposal of a paradigmatic framework that, in the authors’ opinion, can adequately guide reflections and actions. A pragmatic and interpretative heritage and the project-orientated approach are the basis of this new spatial planning paradigm. Pier Carlo Palermo is Dean of the School of Architecture and Society at the Politecnico di Milano, where he founded and directed the Department of Architecture and Planning. His main research interests concern the theory and history of urbanism, urban studies, spatial planning and policy design. He has worked as planning consultant on programmes of national and international interest (EU Programmes, Italian Ministries of Economics, Environment, and Infrastructure and other territorial institutions). He has published numerous books on these topics. Davide Ponzini received his PhD in Urban Planning from the Politecnico di Milano where he is currently Assistant Professor in Urban Planning. His research activity focuses on the role of cultural policies and contemporary architecture in urban transformation and local development, and more recently on issues of urban planning and policy tools. He was visiting scholar at Yale University, Johns Hopkins University and Columbia University.
Cities under siege : The new military urbanism
, ville en guerre, violence urbaine, guerre, aménagement urbain, sécurité, conflit urbain, ordre social, Graham Stephen
Abstract from the publisher : Powerful exposé of how contemporary political violence now perates through sites, space and infrastructures of everyday life Cities have become the new battleground of our increasingly urban world. From the slums of the global South to the wealthy financial centers of the West, Cities Under Siege traces how political violence now operates through the sites, spaces, infrastructures and symbols of the world’s rapidly expanding metropolitan areas. Drawing on a wealth of original research, Stephen Graham shows how Western and Israeli militaries and security forces now perceive all urban terrain as a real or imagined conflict zone inhabited by lurking, shadow enemies, and urban inhabitants as targets that need to be continually tracked, scanned, controlled and targeted. He examines the transformation of Western militaries into high-tech urban counter-insurgency forces, the militarization and surveillance of March international borders, the labelling as “terrorist” of democratic dissent and Politics/Geography protests, and the enacting of legislation suspending “normal” civilian law. In doing so, he reveals how the New Military Urbanism now permeates the entire fabric of our urban lives, from subway and transport systems hardwired with high-tech “command and control” systems and the infection of civilian policy with all-pervasive “security” discourses; to the pervasive militarization of popular culture. Stephen Graham is Professor of Cities and Society at Newcastle University, and previously taught at Durham and MIT, among other universities. His books include Cities, War and Terrorism, the Cybercities Reader, and (with Simon Marvin) Splintering Urbanism. podcast recorded at the June 2010 book launch at the London School of Economics.