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                <text>142 (Vol. 1)</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par l'&amp;eacute;diteur :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Fruit de 5 mois de travaux du groupe de suivi constitu&amp;eacute; autour des instances de l&amp;rsquo;ONZUS, d&amp;rsquo;auditions et d&amp;rsquo;enqu&amp;ecirc;tes locales, ce rapport analyse le lancement du programme national de r&amp;eacute;novation urbaine (PNRU) &amp;agrave; l&amp;rsquo;aune du contexte socio-&amp;eacute;conomique de 2003, rappelle les diff&amp;eacute;rents objectifs assign&amp;eacute;s au programme et &amp;agrave; l&amp;rsquo;ANRU. Suivant une d&amp;eacute;marche &amp;eacute;valuative rigoureuse, il questionne l&amp;rsquo;atteinte de ces objectifs et les effets des projets de r&amp;eacute;novation urbaine sur les conditions de vie des habitants, le fonctionnement des quartiers et leur int&amp;eacute;gration aux dynamiques d&amp;rsquo;agglom&amp;eacute;ration.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Appelant &amp;agrave; poursuivre une dynamique de r&amp;eacute;novation urbaine qui aura sans conteste am&amp;eacute;lior&amp;eacute; les conditions de logement et enray&amp;eacute; les processus de d&amp;eacute;valorisation dont souffraient de nombreux quartiers, le rapport pr&amp;eacute;conise n&amp;eacute;anmoins les modifications et am&amp;eacute;liorations suivantes pour davantage d&amp;rsquo;efficacit&amp;eacute; et d&amp;rsquo;efficience :&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; - une prise en compte de l&amp;rsquo;expertise d&amp;rsquo;usage des habitants dans la conception et la mise en &amp;oelig;uvre des projets, et un meilleur suivi des parcours individuels ;&lt;br /&gt; - une mise en coh&amp;eacute;rence de la r&amp;eacute;novation urbaine avec la politique nationale du logement et avec les autres composantes de la politique de la ville ;&lt;br /&gt; - une lutte accrue contre la s&amp;eacute;gr&amp;eacute;gation g&amp;eacute;ographique par la mise en place de politiques de peuplement fond&amp;eacute;es sur des strat&amp;eacute;gies d&amp;rsquo;attributions de logements sociaux et de r&amp;eacute;&amp;eacute;quilibrage du parc locatif social d&amp;eacute;finies &amp;agrave; l&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;chelle des agglom&amp;eacute;rations ;&lt;br /&gt; - des &amp;eacute;volutions des modalit&amp;eacute;s de financement et d&amp;rsquo;intervention de l&amp;rsquo;ANRU pour une meilleure soutenabilit&amp;eacute; des projets et une prise en compte des sp&amp;eacute;cificit&amp;eacute;s locales.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Les recommandations du rapport &amp;eacute;claireront les travaux lanc&amp;eacute;s cette ann&amp;eacute;e par le comit&amp;eacute; interminist&amp;eacute;riel des villes du 19 f&amp;eacute;vrier 2013 en vue de la contractualisation des nouveaux projets de renouvellement urbain d&amp;egrave;s 2014.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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                <text>Comment meurt une République. Autour du 2 Décembre 1851</text>
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                <text>Do Londoners have a right to the city?</text>
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                <text>, droit à la ville, équité sociale, injustice, planification, London, Londres, économie, mouvement social, Edwards Michael, Catterall Bob, Gibbons Andrea, Kuklowsky Celine</text>
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30 March 2010

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Michael Edwards, 
Bob Catterall, 
Andrea Gibbons, 
Celine Kuklowsky</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Organisers' description : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
London grassroot groups are certainly making it clear what they need, from housing and transport to jobs and the environment. Is there a basic demand that underlies these needs? Is the idea of rights to the city a focus for that demand? This meeting explores the idea that Right to the City (RTTC) is a good focus for these needs and demands. It is called by individuals from UCL's Bartlett School of Planning, UCL's Urban Lab, the London-based international journal CITY, and the Just Space Network of London community groups. The meeting is the start of a potential series triggered partly by the talks given last autumn in London by Peter Marcuse, veteran lawyer, planning educator and activist in New York. It takes advantage of the presence in London of 2 activists who have been involved with the US RTTC movement and of the discussion advanced and continuing in CITY by Peter Marcuse and his colleagues. This meeting will be a series of short talks on the London issues, a short talk on the USA movement and then time for a substantial structured debate and discussion.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Michael Edwards &lt;/b&gt;is a Senior Lecturer and Leverhulme Fellow in the Bartlett School of Planning at University College London.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Bob Catterall &lt;/b&gt;is Editor-in-Chief of City journal.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Andrea Gibbons &lt;/b&gt;is an assistant editor of City journal and a research student at the London School of Economics.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Celine Kuklowsky &lt;/b&gt;is an assistant editor of City journal and works in the Social Policy Department at the London School of Economics.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>Oliveira, Osmany Porto De</text>
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                <text>This article explores a facet that is still unclear on the studies about democracy and participation, which is the international diffusion dimension. How can we explain the simultaneous proliferation of participatory governance devices in different countries? This paper aims to provide answers for these general questions through the analysis of the case of Participatory Budgeting (PB). The device originally from Porto Alegre in Brazil is significant to understand the international flow of ideas and technologies of participatory governance. It is argued that the action of a set of individuals in constant interaction with international institutions, were important to set PB on the international agenda. From this moment of international legitimation, which is called tipping-point, several municipalities starts to adopt PB in Latin America, Europe and Africa, and an it starts an ascension for its massive dissemination.</text>
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                <text>Dans le domaine des transports régionaux, la décentralisation est en chantier depuis quinze ans au sens où les transferts de compétences et de responsabilité bousculent l'édifice ancien sans que l'on sache encore vraiment vers quel nouveau design institutionnel les réformes en cours nous entraînent. Le chantier pose la question du changement en politique, question que nous allons traiter en comparant les résultats produits par six études de cas centrées sur la nouvelle doctrine ferroviaire des Conseils Régionaux. Dans quelle mesure chaque contexte régional s'approprie-t-il le dossier des transports ferroviaires et lui imprime-t-il sa propre représentation de l'intérêt général et ses propres solutions de politiques publiques ? La réflexion est développée en écho avec les premiers résultats tirés de l'enquête menée avec Gilles Debizet et Guillaume Gourgues dans la région Rhône-Alpes (Debizet Faure Gourgues 2006). Sur ce territoire, il nous est apparu d'une part que les orientations actuelles étaient historiquement imprégnées des initiatives et des négociations engagées dans les années 90 (dans un entremêlement structurant d'influences urbaines, départementales, régionales et nationales), et d'autre part que la régionalisation mettait en lumière un style politique singulier depuis quelques années, la collectivité régionale utilisant ses nouvelles responsabilités sur les transports pour affirmer sa propre conception décentralisée de l'action publique. L'analyse comparée des résultats tirés des cinq autres terrains d'étude (Nord- Pas de Calais, Centre, Alsace, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur et Midi-Pyrénées) permet de discuter ces deux constats et de pointer des éléments de convergence et de divergence. Sur le plan analytique, nous prenons principalement appui sur deux grilles d'analyse en science politique. La première a trait au concept anglo-saxon de path dependence, littéralement le sentier de dépendance culturel et politique qui assujettit, dans les périodes de changements, les institutions à leur histoire. La seconde concerne une notion apparue à l'étude de la décentralisation en France, les tournois d'action publique. La métaphore du tournoi est utilisée pour décrire ces espaces de confrontation organisés par l'Etat territorial qui réunissent les élites politiques et administratives sur des scènes infranationales, avec pour double particularité leur temporalité incertaine (chaque nouvelle décision étant toujours suspendue aux arbitrages d'un nouveau tournoi) et leurs règles du jeu sans cesse reformulées (l'État occupant une fonction de régulation moins prégnante). Les angles d'observation du sentier et du tournoi sont traditionnellement convoqués pour penser les transformations de l'État dans ses dimensions sectorielles et déconcentrées. Nous les mobilisons ici d'une part pour décrypter la nature politique et symbolique des rails de dépendance qui accompagnent chaque Région sur le dossier ferroviaire (l'empreinte de chaque culture institutionnelle territoriale), et d'autre part pour étudier comment les tournois contemporains entre les mondes techniques et politiques dessinent, dans chaque enceinte régionale, différents styles de politiques publiques. Au final, nous testons l'hypothèse que le transfert des compétences sur les TER marque l'émergence d'un processus de différenciation territoriale au cours duquel chaque Région énonce sa « doctrine ferroviaire » au double filtre de son histoire et de sa conception contemporaine de la décentralisation. Ce constat nous incite à souligner en conclusion les fortes zones d'incertitude et de turbulence que ce double processus de différenciation entraîne en termes de régulation publique et de compétition politique. Si les Régions ont surtout cherché au départ à assurer la diffusion d'orientations publiques et techniques pensées et négociées à l'échelon national et européen, la phase plus opérationnelle des transferts de compétences les interpellent dorénavant sur leur triple capacité à jauger l'opportunité de la règle, à territorialiser les programmes publics et à opérer des interprétations en fonction des contraintes propres à chaque configuration politique et culturelle locale. Cette expression des formes d'action publique suggère à la fois l'affirmation d'un mode d'être régional et une métropolisation croissante des enjeux de transports.</text>
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                <text>, culture urbaine, société urbaine, urbanité, Harman Sidney, Harris Joan, Lopes Ana P., Postrel Virginia</text>
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July 2007

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Sidney Harman, 
Joan Harris, 
Ana P. Lopes, 
Virginia Postrel</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;In this panel discussion, speakers present case studies of individual cities before offering an overview of different types of cities and the issues of city culture. Speakers pose the question of the nature of cities and whether or not it can be thought of as an active agent creating its own culture.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Sidney Harman &lt;/b&gt;is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and a member of the Executive Commuttee of the Board of the Aspen Institute.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Joan Harris &lt;/b&gt;is a former commissioner of the Department of Cultural Affairs for the city of Chicago and founder of the Cultural Policy Center at the University of Chicago.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Ana P. Lopes &lt;/b&gt;is chair of the board of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra and president of Saralex Communications.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Virginia Postrel &lt;/b&gt;is an author and contributing editor for &lt;i&gt;The Atlantic&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>In order to test for the effect of public housing occupancy on unemployment, we estimate a simultaneous probit model of unemployment and public housing. On a first sample, we instrument public housing with the gender composition of children. On a second sample, the instrument is the share of public housing at the city level. We also perform a robustness check that consists in measuring the correlation between unobservables that could explain the effect of public housing on unemployment. As the corresponding level of correlation is low, this check reinforces our result of no effect of public housing on unemployment.</text>
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  Cet article entend revenir sur le rapport des citadins de Shu'faat à leur environnement, ce qui lui permet de caractériser un registre de la proximité. Ces citadins réfugiés, attachés aux grands principes de la résistance nationale, à la lutte pour le droit au retour et à l'appartenance à la communauté palestinienne, n'en demeurent pas moins animés par des relations d'ancrage et d'attachement qui valorisent l'échelle de la proximité et la propriété privée.
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Sophie Audoubert</text>
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28 ao&amp;ucirc;t 2008

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Philippe Rey

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240</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par l'&amp;eacute;diteur :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Comment est-on arriv&amp;eacute; &amp;agrave; cette situation o&amp;ugrave; l'on vient vous demander, &amp;agrave; vous, enseignant, quelle &amp;eacute;trange raison peut vous pousser &amp;agrave; vouloir exercer votre mission en banlieue ? &amp;Agrave; vouloir travailler avec &amp;quot;ces &amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;ves-l&amp;agrave;&amp;quot; ? Pour un jeune professeur, arriver dans un coll&amp;egrave;ge de &amp;quot;quartiers difficiles&amp;quot; est &amp;eacute;videmment un choc. Choc de cultures auquel vient rapidement s&amp;rsquo;ajouter un double - et difficile &amp;ndash; constat : l&amp;rsquo;ampleur des difficult&amp;eacute;s des &amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;ves et le sentiment de s&amp;eacute;gr&amp;eacute;gation qui creuse leur d&amp;eacute;fiance vis-&amp;agrave;-vis d&amp;rsquo;eux-m&amp;ecirc;mes et de l&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;cole.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Enseigner en banlieue, c&amp;rsquo;est lutter chaque jour contre ces deux r&amp;eacute;alit&amp;eacute;s si &amp;eacute;troitement li&amp;eacute;es. C&amp;rsquo;est convaincre &amp;quot;ces &amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;ves-l&amp;agrave;&amp;quot; qu&amp;rsquo;ils ne sont pas, justement, ces &amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;ves-l&amp;agrave;, qu&amp;rsquo;ils sont bien des membres &amp;agrave; part enti&amp;egrave;re de la soci&amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute;. C&amp;rsquo;est faire &amp;eacute;clater le miroir d&amp;eacute;formant que notre soci&amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute; leur tend, volontairement ou non. Enseigner en banlieue, c&amp;rsquo;est &amp;ecirc;tre &amp;eacute;cartel&amp;eacute; entre deux mondes qui ne se rencontrent plus, et tout faire pour &amp;ecirc;tre un pont, m&amp;ecirc;me fragile et rarement emprunt&amp;eacute;&amp;hellip;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dans un r&amp;eacute;cit fort, aux anecdotes souvent dr&amp;ocirc;les mais tout autant tragiques, cette jeune enseignante nous raconte son m&amp;eacute;tier, la r&amp;eacute;alit&amp;eacute; de ce &amp;quot;purgatoire de la R&amp;eacute;publique&amp;quot; que sont devenues les banlieues, et l&amp;rsquo;accablement contre lequel il faut lutter. Car la figure du professeur de banlieue peut &amp;ecirc;tre rapproch&amp;eacute;e de celle de Don Quichotte, cet invincible qui, m&amp;ecirc;me continuellement battu, ne se laisse pas d&amp;eacute;courager&amp;hellip;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sophie Audoubert a voulu ce livre pour qu&amp;rsquo;on regarde enfin ses &amp;eacute;l&amp;egrave;ves &amp;quot;de banlieue&amp;quot; pour ce qu&amp;rsquo;ils sont : ni &amp;quot;racailles&amp;quot; ni &amp;quot;jeunes issus de l&amp;rsquo;immigration&amp;quot;, mais bien plut&amp;ocirc;t des enfants de la R&amp;eacute;publique. Car c&amp;rsquo;est bien ce nouveau regard qui les fera grandir.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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