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                <text>Doubaï est une ville de taille moyenne (600 000 habitants) peuplée à 90 % par des migrants temporaires ; ni capitale politique, ni centre intellectuel, elle jouit pourtant d'un rayonnement commercial qui s'étend sur l'ensemble de la planète. Cette ville, naguère simple bourgade entre le désert et Golfe persique, a en effet connu depuis 20 ans une croissance très rapide, qui la fait parfois passer pour l'archétype des nouvelles métropoles de l'économie-monde.</text>
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                <text>Cahiers de la Méditerranée</text>
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                <text>Dubaï ou la métropolisation incomplète d'un pôle en relais de l'économie monde</text>
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                <text>Dubai, qui s'est érigée au rang de symbole de la mondialisation triomphante, est aujourd'hui confrontée à la plus grave crise de sa courte histoire. L'effondrement des marchés financiers et des cours du brut depuis l'automne 2008 est une épreuve de vérité pour son modèle de développement fondé sur les services destinés à une clientèle mondiale avide de profits rapides et de loisirs.&lt;br /&gt;Cet article examine les recettes du modèle, et sa capacité à surmonter les difficultés présentes, ainsi qu'à évoluer pour donner à Dubaï l'assise humaine et sociale plus stable qui lui fait encore défaut.</text>
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                <text>Dubaï, utile ou futile ?</text>
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                <text>Bondue Jean-Pierre</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1998_num_16_3_1861_t1_0463_0000_5</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="388280">
                <text>fre</text>
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                <text>Dubresson Alain, Raison Jean- Pierre : L'Afrique subsaharienne. Une géographie du changement</text>
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                <text>compterendu</text>
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                <text>Dorothée Kohler</text>
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                <text>Une des caractéristiques de la ville sidérurgique a été de servir de creuset au brassage de populations d'origines très différentes et d'intégrer les afflux successifs de main-d'œuvre étrangère. Après avoir cerné les caractéristiques de cette dynamique industrielle, sociale et urbaine de la "Stahlstadt" représentative du modèle de la "Großstadt" industrielle en Allemagne, l'article se concentre sur l'analyse du processus de transformation des configurations urbaines et sociales de la ville sidérurgique durant les deux dernières décennies. Les mutations socio-économiques et urbaines donnent naissance à de nouvelles formes de fragmentation, de cohésion spatiale et sociale, de nouvelles centrantes et de nouveaux antagonismes. Ce processus de transformation oblige à réviser entièrement le schéma binaire de la ville-usine et la représentation figée d'une ville en déclin.</text>
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                <text>Duisburg, Iron and Steel "Großstadt". When the Patchwork-City rips to Pieces.

One of the characteristics of the iron and steelwork's town is to serve as melting pot for the mingling of populations of various origins and to integrate the successive crowd of foreign manpower. Once have been determinated the characteristics of this industrial, social and urban dynamics of the "Stahlstadt" - representative of the industrial "Großstadt" in Germany - the article focuses on the analysis of the transformation process of the urban and social forms of the iron and steelwork's town during the two last decades. The socio-economic and urban changes give rise to new forms of fragmentation, of spatial and social cohesivenesses, new "centrality" and new antagonisms. This transformation process forces to revise totally the binary schema of the "town-factory" and the frozen idea of a declining town.</text>
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                <text>Kohler Dorothée. Duisbourg, Großstadt sidérurgique : quand la ville-patchwork se découd. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2001-3. Les populations des bassins d'industries lourdes. pp. 279-296.</text>
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                <text>Structure industrielle ; Concentration d'industries ; Changement industriel ; Migration internationale ; Migration de main-d'œuvre</text>
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                <text>Duisbourg, Großstadt sidérurgique : quand la ville-patchwork se découd</text>
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                <text>Cerise E., Maximy René de. Duong sa va quy hoach do thi o Ha Noi. In : Nguyen Thi Thieng (ed.), PHam Thuy Huong (ed.), Gubry Patrick (ed.), Castiglioni F. (ed.), Cusset J.M. (ed.)  Do thi Viet Nam trong thoi ky qua do. Hanoï (VNM) ; Ho Chi Minh Ville : IMV ; PADDI, 2006, p. 45-72. </text>
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                <text>We propose an analytical resolution of Schelling segregation model for a general class of utility functions. Using evolutionary game theory, we provide conditions under which a potential function, which characterizes the global configuration of the city and is maximized in the stationary state, exists. We use this potential function to analyze the outcome of the model for three utility functions corresponding to different degrees of preference for mixed neighborhoods. Schelling original utility function is shown to drive segregation at the expense of collective utility. If agents have a strict preference for mixed neighborhoods but still prefer being in the majority versus in the minority, the model converges to perfectly segregated configurations, which clearly diverge from the social optimum. Departing from earlier literature, these conclusions are based on analytical results. These results pave the way to the analysis of many structures of preferences, for instance those based on empirical findings concerning racial preferences. As a by-product, our analysis builds a bridge between Schelling model and the Duncan and Duncan segregation index.</text>
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                <text>ENG</text>
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                <text>Residential segregation</text>
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                <text>dynamic model</text>
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                <text>Dynamic models of residential ségrégation: an analytical solution</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Goffette-Nagot, Florence</text>
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                <text>In his 1971's Dynamic Models of Segregation paper, the economist Thomas C. Schelling showed that a small preference for one's neighbors to be of the same color could lead to total segregation, even if total segregation does not correspond to individual preferences and to a residential conﬁguration maximizing the collective utility. The present work is aimed at deepening the understanding of the properties of dynamic models of segregation based on Schelling's hypotheses. Its main contributions are (i) to offer a comprehensive and up-to-date review of this family of models ; (ii) to provide an analytical solution to the most general form of this model under rather general assumptions ; to the best of our knowledge, such a solution did not exist so far ; (iii) to analyse the effect of two devices aimed at decreasing segregation in such a model. Chapter one summarizes the ingredients of Schelling's models. We show how the choices of the agent's utility function, of the neighborhood description and of the dynamical rule can impact the outcome of a model. Based on the observation of simulations' results, we ﬁnd that the neighborhood description does not have a qualitative impact. As regards the dynamical rules, we show that the Logit Behavioral rule introduced in this literature by Young (1998) ; Zhang (2004b) presents several advantages relatively to the Best Response rule. Chapter two presents a general analytical solution to the model. To that aim, Schelling's model is recasted within the framework of evolutionary game theory, as previously done by Young (1998) ; Zhang (2004b). This allows to deﬁne sufficient assumptions regarding agents' utility functions that permit predicting the ﬁnal state of the system starting from any conﬁguration. This analytical resolution is then used to consider the outcomes of Schelling's utility function and of other utility functions previously used in this context. Chapter three examines the effects of introducing coordination in the moving decisions. This coordination is achieved through two different ways. We ﬁrst impose different levels of taxes proportional to the externality generated by each move of the agents. It is shown that even a low level of tax is sufficient under certain circumstances to signiﬁcantly reduce segregation. We then investigate the effect of the introduction of a local coordination by vote of co-proprietors, who are deﬁned as the closest neighbors of each agent. It is shown that even a small amount of coordination can break segregation.</text>
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                <text>ENG</text>
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                <text>Dynamic models of residential segregation: Brief review, analytical resolution and study of the introduction of coordination</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="355390">
                <text>MEXIQUE</text>
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                <text>MEXICO</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="355397">
                <text>Banzo Marie-Thérèse. Dynamique de l'espace péri-urbain et stratégies des producteurs agricoles : la périphérie Sud-Est de Mexico. Toulouse : Université Toulouse 2, 1994, 344 p. multigr. Th. Doct.-Ing. Développement Rural, Université Toulouse 2 - Le Mirail : Toulouse. 1994/12. </text>
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                <text>Dynamique de l'espace péri-urbain et stratégies des producteurs agricoles : la périphérie Sud-Est de Mexico</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369126">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:09448</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="369127">
                <text>Atta Koffi. Dynamique de l'occupation de l'espace urbain et péri-urbain de Bouaké (Côte d'Ivoire). Paris : ORSTOM, 1978, 296 p. Th. 3e cycle : Géogr. : EHESS : Paris : 1978, </text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>ORSTOM</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>MILIEU URBAIN</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="369131">
                <text>GEOGRAPHIE SPATIALE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="369132">
                <text>ZONE PERIURBAINE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369133">
                <text>URBANISATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="369134">
                <text>PRESSION FONCIERE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="369135">
                <text>HABITAT URBAIN</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="369136">
                <text>UTILISATION DU SOL</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369137">
                <text>OCCUPATION SPATIALE</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Dynamique de l'occupation de l'espace urbain et péri-urbain de Bouaké (Côte d'Ivoire)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>TOGO REGION DES PLATEAUX</text>
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                <text>ATAKPAME</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>L'étude concerne trois villes secondaires du Togo, en région de plantation : Atakpamé, Kpalimé et Badou. Elle est basée sur une enquête démographique portant sur un échantillon de sept quartiers tirés au hasard dans les trois villes et représentant une population de 10 420 individus. Il s'agit d'une observation renouvelée en 1979 du recensement de 1970, complétée en 1984 par une enquête migration auprès d'un sous échantillon d'immigrés.Les villes de la Région des Plateaux semblent connaître, comme la plupart des villes secondaires au Togo, un déclin démographique relatif. La croissance de ces centres est surtout le fait d'une reproduction naturelle élevée qui contrecarre un déficit migratoire plus ou moins accentué. Si ces villes attirent une masse importante d'immigrants dont l'aire de recrutement dépasse les frontières régionales et même nationales, elles ne réussissent pas à fixer cette population, et constituent à leur tour des foyers d'émigration, pour les néo-citadins comme pour les citadins autochtones. Pour les migrants, elles ne représentent le plus souvent qu'une étape de leur parcours migratoire. La redistribution de la population qui s'opère par le biais de ces villes étapes montre l'existence de processus migratoires beaucoup plus complexes qu'un simple drainage des hommes au profit de la capitale. Ainsi, les migrations de type urbain rural sont loin de constituer un phénomène marginal, et le lieu d'origine du migrant apparaît comme un pôle de référence constant dans les cheminements migratoires.(résumé d'auteur)</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="365728">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:24070</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365729">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:24070</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365730">
                <text>Dupont Véronique. Dynamique démographique des villes secondaires et processus migratoires en Afrique de l'ouest : le rôle distributeur de trois centres urbains dans la région des Plateaux au Togo. sl : sn, 1985, 14 p.multigr. </text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="365731">
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              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365732">
                <text>sn</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365733">
                <text>CENTRE URBAIN SECONDAIRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365734">
                <text>CROISSANCE DEMOGRAPHIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365735">
                <text>MIGRATION URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365736">
                <text>MIGRATION RURALE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365737">
                <text>ENQUETE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365738">
                <text>MIGRATION DE RETOUR</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365739">
                <text>MIGRATION RURALE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365740">
                <text>Dynamique démographique des villes secondaires et processus migratoires en Afrique de l'ouest : le rôle distributeur de trois centres urbains dans la région des Plateaux au Togo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365741">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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                  <text>HAL</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="477002">
                <text>Sary, Ousmane</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477003">
                <text>2012-07-05</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477004">
                <text>En ce début de siècle, l'information a pris une dimension capitale grâce aux nouvelles technologies. On parle de la société mondiale de l'information, réduisant la planète en un " village global ". Cependant, les pays des Suds, à la périphérie de ce processus, souffrent de la fracture numérique. Néanmoins, une dynamique des Tic s'y développe à travers des modèles d'accès adaptés aux réalités socio-économiques. A Dakar, ces modèles populaires ont permis une appropriation profonde du mobile alors qu'Internet, l'élément essentiel de cette révolution numérique, tarde à s'ancrer dans l'espace urbain. Dakar, ville primatiale est marquée par une forte polarisation des activités au niveau du centre historique. Cette répartition déséquilibrée est à l'origine des dysfonctionnements territoriaux quotidiens. Le caractère immatériel de la manifestation des nouvelles technologies semble représenter alors un moyen pour atténuer les effets de la question cruciale de la déficience de l'aménagement du territoire, notamment en termes de mobilités. Ainsi, grâce aux usages d'Internet, quelques pratiques urbaines dans divers domaines d'activités se déroulent sur le cyberespace. Mais en raison de leurs impacts peu conséquents sur les territoires réels, les attentes parfois exagérés des acteurs gouvernementaux, la société civile et les opérateurs, tardent à se concrétiser. En effet, malgré la bonne connexion du pays à la dorsale internationale, le taux de pénétration d'Internet au Sénégal ne permet pas pour le moment d'infléchir les dysfonctionnements. En réalité, sur le web sénégalais, la dynamique des usages associés aux pratiques urbaines n'a pas fait émerger de véritables liens entre Internet et l'aménagement territorial urbain à Dakar</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477005">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00809778</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477006">
                <text>2012BOR30061</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477007">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/80/97/78/PDF/These-Sary-2012.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477008">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477009">
                <text>Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477010">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477011">
                <text>TIC</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477012">
                <text>Aménagement</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477013">
                <text>Urbain</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477014">
                <text>Dakar</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477015">
                <text>Téléphone</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477016">
                <text>Internet</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="477017">
                <text>Cyberespace</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477018">
                <text>Dynamique des accès et des usages du téléphone et d'Internet à Dakar : quels liens avec l'aménagement urbain ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="477019">
                <text>PhD thesis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
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      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473600">
                <text>Lille</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="473601">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473602">
                <text>Le Griel, Alain</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473603">
                <text>2000-10-20</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473604">
                <text>La commune de Menton (Côte d'Azur) doit son urbanisation rapide à un site attractif. Le plan d'exposition aux risques, en déclarant inconstructible presque la moitié de la réserve à bâtir, a reporté la pression foncière sur la zone bleue. Cette dernière voit se multiplier, aujourd'hui, les ouvertures de chantier soumises à une simple étude préalable. En utilisant l'exemple du val des Castagnins où sont menées d'importantes opérations immobilières, l'article souligne de quelle façon les expertises géotechniques actuelles n'apportent pas toujours les informations nécessaires. Il suggère de réduire " l'engrenage du risque ", provoqué par l'augmentation de l'écart entre le danger réel et sa représentation par les acteurs de l'aménagement, en menant une réflexion d'ensemble sur les particularités des organisations de l'espace urbain.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="473605">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00850230</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473606">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/85/02/30/PDF/Communication_Lille_Octobre_2000.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="473607">
                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473608">
                <text>Colloque "Géomorphologie et risques naturels"</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473609">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Fondée sur les enquêtes prioritaires de Madagascar de 2001 et 2005, la présente recherche examine la dynamique des profits des micro-entreprises urbaines selon le genre. Premièrement, la dualité des systèmes productifs à propre compte urbains selon le genre est assez stable au cours de la période 2001-2005, le rôle des micro-entreprises ayant à leur tête une femme étant probablement beaucoup plus résiduel en termes d'apport de revenus au sein du ménage. En outre, bien que les gains des micro-entreprises féminines ont, en moyenne, progressé un peu plus rapidement que ceux des entreprises dirigées par un homme au cours de la période, la diminution de l'inégalité des profits est plus prononcée pour les secondes, comparativement aux premières. Deuxièmement, indépendamment de la méthode d'analyse, le différentiel des profits entre les micro-entreprises gérées par un homme et celles ayant à leur tête une femme varie selon la distribution des gains des unités de production. D'une part, en admettant que le rendement des dotations des entreprises et des individus est identique entre les hommes et les femmes, l'estimation des fonctions de profits selon les quantiles suggère, par exemple en 2005, que les gains masculins sont supérieurs de 26,5 et de 54,5 pour cent, respectivement, aux 50ème 95ème percentiles. D'autre part, les approches de Oaxaca-Blinder - décomposition à la moyenne des variables - et de Machado-Mata - décomposition quantile par quantile -, appréhendant deux sources de gains à différents points de la distribution - rendements et dotations -, suggèrent que l'écart du log des profits entre les hommes et les femmes croît avec le niveau des percentiles. De tels résultats confortent l'opportunité des régressions quantiles en présence d'une forte dispersion de la variable d'intérêt. Troisièmement, l'approche des régressions quantiles met en évidence une forte variation de la contribution des dotations et des rendements selon les percentiles. Par exemple, pour 2005, le différentiel des gains masculins et féminins dû aux rendements est de 3,3 et 66,7 pour cent, respectivement, aux 10ème et 95ème percentiles. Inversement, on constate une forte baisse de la contribution des dotations dans l'explication de l'écart des profits entre les hommes et les femmes : 93,7 et 30,9 pour cent, respectivement, aux 10ème et 95ème percentiles. Dans ce contexte, plusieurs éléments d'analyse permettent d'appréhender le rôle des divers paramètres pris en compte, à la fois en termes de rendements et de caractéristiques.</text>
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                <text>A partir de l'exemple de trois villes de la région des Plateaux au Togo : Atakpamé, Kpalimé, Badou, l'auteur propose d'approfondir certains points de discussion sur la dynamique des villes secondaires en Afrique Noire et plus précisement sur le "phénomène de décadence relative" de ces centres. Afin d'analyser ce phénomène, le processus de croissance urbaine est abordé sous  l'angle démographique. L'analyse des migrations est ensuite priviligiée car elle permet d'évaluer la place des divers mouvements migratoires dans la croissance des villes, mais également de déterminer la fonction de ces centres dans les parcours migratoires.</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:23514</text>
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                <text>Dupont Véronique. Dynamique des villes secondaires et processus migratoires en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas de trois centres urbains en région de  plantation, au Togo : Atakpamé, Kpalimé, Badou. Paris : ORSTOM, 1986, 437 p. (Etudes et Thèses). Th. 3e cycle : Pol. Eco., INED Paris. 1985. </text>
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                <text>MIGRATION</text>
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                <text>ATTRACTION URBAINE</text>
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                <text>Dynamique des villes secondaires et processus migratoires en Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas de trois centres urbains en région de  plantation, au Togo : Atakpamé, Kpalimé, Badou</text>
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                <text>Marguerat Yves. Dynamique sociale et dynamique spatiale d'une capitale africaine : Lomé. In : Antheaume Benoît (ed.), Blanc-Pamard C. (ed.), Chaléard J.L. (ed.), Dubresson Alain (ed.), Lassailly-Jacob V. (ed.), Marchal Jean-Yves (ed.), Pillet-Schwartz A.M. (ed.), Pourtier R. (ed.), Raison Jean-Pierre (ed.), Sevin Olivier (ed.), Pinton F. (coord.)  Tropiques : lieux et liens : florilège offert à Paul Pelissier et Gilles Sautter. Paris : ORSTOM, 1989, p. 341-349. (Didactiques). </text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>VILLE</text>
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                <text>HISTOIRE DU PEUPLEMENT</text>
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                <text>FONCTIONS URBAINES</text>
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                <text>Dynamique sociale et dynamique spatiale d'une capitale africaine : Lomé</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="362034">
                <text>Tropiques : lieux et liens : florilège offert à Paul Pelissier et Gilles Sautter</text>
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                  <text>Espace populations sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="571574">
                <text>Venier, Philippe</text>
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                <text>Cet article analyse les formes d’installation à long terme des immigrés kéralais (Inde du Sud) au Koweït dans un contexte où, d’une part, l’immigration est intrinsèquement temporaire et contractuelle et, d’autre part, il est impossible pour un étranger d’acquérir la nationalité. S’appuyant sur des enquêtes de terrain, l’étude montre que les logiques de regroupement familial, l’émergence de mobilités résidentielles et la redéfinition des identités confessionnelles révèlent des processus d’ancrage de cette communauté étrangère. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="571577">
                <text>This article analyses the forms of long term installation of Keralite immigrants (South India) in Kuwait whereas immigration is intrinsically temporary and linked with a working contract and whereas the citizenship is impossible to obtain. Based on fieldwork, this paper shows that family reunifications, residential mobilities and changes in confessional identities reveal processes of settlements among this expatriate community. </text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>immigration</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="571581">
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                <text>Kuwait</text>
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                <text>immigration</text>
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                <text>Kérala</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="571587">
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                <text>mobilités résidentielles</text>
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                <text>religion</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="571590">
                <text>Dynamique socio-spatiale et recomposition identitaire des immigrés kéralais (Inde du Sud) au Koweït</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Confins</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text/>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562530">
                <text>Carlos, Ana Fani Alessandri</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562531">
                <text>2008-02-17</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562532">
                <text>Dans cet article on part de l'hypothèse que les relations sociales se réalisent, concrètement, en tant que relations spatiales, et que donc la dynamique de l'espace urbain doit être entendue au travers de la dynamique du processus de reproduction sociale. Aujourd’hui, les métamorphoses socio-spatiales  de la métropole de São Paulo sont dues au passage de l’hégémonie du capital industriel au capital financier appuyé par l’action de l’État. Il s’agit d’un moment où la « production de l’espace » gagne beaucoup d’importance pour dévoiler le monde moderne. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562533">
                <text>This article assumes that social relations occurr, concretely, as spatial relations, so the dynamics of urban space must be understood through the dynamics of the process of social reproduction. Today, the socio-spatial metamorphosis of the São Paulo metropolis rely on the transition from the hegemony of industrial capital to the financial capital helped by the State. It is a moment where the "production" of the space gains importance in the understanding of the modern world. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562534">
                <text>Neste artigo partimos da hipótese de que as relações espaciais se realizam, concretamente, enquanto relações sociais, portanto a dinâmica do espaço urbano deve ser entendida através da dinâmica do processo de reprodução social. Hoje, as metamorfoses sócio-espaciais da metrópole de Sào Paulo se apoiam na passagem da hegemonia do capital indistrial ao capital financeiro apoiada na açào do Estado. Trata-se de um momento onde a « produção do espaço » ganha importância para a compreensão do mundo moderno. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562536">
                <text>doi:10.4000/confins.1502</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562537">
                <text>fr</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562538">
                <text>daily life.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562539">
                <text>metropolis</text>
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                <text>urban</text>
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                <text>accumulation</text>
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                <text>urbain</text>
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                <text>vie quotidienne</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="562546">
                <text>Dynamique urbaine et métropolisation, le cas de São Paulo</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="511139">
                <text>Peres, Stéphanie</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="511140">
                <text>2009</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="511141">
                <text>Le périurbain est soumis à des conflits d'usages : le développement économique et l'accueil de population relèvent d'autres logiques que celle de l'occupation du territoire par l'agriculture. Cette concurrence se traduit par des conversions de parcelles viticoles en industriel ou en résidentiel. On est alors amené à s'interroger sur les déterminants de conversion de ces deux usages. Notre approche considèrera les déterminants des localisations des ménages et entreprises avant de s'intéresser à leurs impacts sur la probabilité de conversion des parcelles à l'aide d'un modèle Logit multinomial. Les facteurs de conversion résidentielle n'éclairent pas toujours les mécanismes de conversion en zone industrielle, la variable d'accessibilité expliquant la substitution de ce dernier usage.</text>
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                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00448642</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances</text>
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                <text>viticulture AOC périurbaine</text>
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                <text>conflits d'usage des sols</text>
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                <text>modèle à choix qualitatifs multiples</text>
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                <text>Dynamique urbaine et rente foncière viticole dans le bordelais. Une approche économétrique de la résistance</text>
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