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                <text>Nos systèmes de transports construits sur une augmentation continue de la mobilité motorisée sont-ils « durables » ? La communication propose une approche conceptuelle pour donner une mesure de la durabilité d'un système de transports de personne. Le concept de durabilité est appréhendé dans une démarche évaluative et multidimensionnelle. Après avoir précisé le cadre théorique de la mobilité durable retenu, le système de déplacements urbains est décrit à travers les notions de besoins, de coûts et de services. Une comparaison des comportements de mobilité des résidents des agglomérations de Bordeaux, Grenoble, Lyon et Paris doit expliciter les interdépendances et contradictions du concept de mobilité durable.</text>
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                <text>ASRDLF. Villes et territoires face aux défis de la mondialisation - XLIè colloque de l'ASRDLF, 5-7 septembre 2005, Dijon</text>
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                <text>Indicateurs de mobilité durable : outils d'analyse comparative de la mobilité urbaine</text>
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                <text>Le projet SImuler les MoBilités pour une Agglomération Durable (SIMBAD) a pour objectif de tester des politiques alternatives de transports et d'urbanisme pour rendre compte de leurs impacts sur la mobilité urbaine et les évaluer à l'aune du développement durable. Il est appliqué au cadre de l'aire urbaine de Lyon à l'horizon 2025.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;L'objectif de ce présent document est de montrer comment, compte tenu des directions données par ces premiers choix, l'architecture de SIMBAD a été conçue.&lt;br /&gt;- Une première partie met en perspective les leçons tirées de Télescopage et l'évolution de la problématique dans SIMBAD pour aboutir à l'architecture globale du modèle et aux interactions entre les différents modules.&lt;br /&gt;- La seconde partie précise plus finement le contenu de chaque module, ou plutôt du chantier que chacun d'entre eux initie, sachant que hormis le modèle FRETURB qui est déjà opérationnel pour les marchandises en villes, tous les autres modèles font l'objet d'un nouveau travail exploratoire.</text>
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                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
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                <text>Présentation du modèle</text>
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                <text>systèmes de transports urbains</text>
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                <text>L'architecture du modèle au sein du projet SIMBAD. Rapport intermédiaire n°4</text>
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                <text>This paper applies the theme of sustainable development to the case of urban transport and daily mobility of the inhabitants of a city. A set of indicators which simultaneously takes the three dimensions of sustainability––environmental, economic, and social––into account is suggested. We present here the results of exploratory research funded by Renault Automobile Manufacturers, carried out to verify the feasibility and the usefulness of elaborating such sustainable mobility indicators. Values of the economics, environmental and social indicators are presented for the Lyons case. These estimations are mainly based on the household travel survey held in this city in 1994–1995. In the end, this set of indicators should allow the comparison of different urban transport strategies within an urban area, but also between different urban contexts, and through time. The conditions of generalization of these measurements of indicators are then discussed.</text>
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                <text>Trip distance</text>
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                <text>Towards Sustainable Mobility Indicators: Application to the Lyons Conurbation</text>
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                <text>Le concept de développement durable s'est imposé pour la première fois sur la scène internationale en 1987, grâce au rapport de la Commission Mondiale pour l'Environnement et le Développement (rapport Brundtland). Ce thème de la durabilité intervient aujourd'hui de manière récurrente dans les discours sur l'avenir des systèmes de transport, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit des déplacements de personnes ou de marchandises en ville.&lt;br /&gt;Dans ce contexte nous proposons d'élaborer une série d'indicateurs qui permette de prendre en compte les dimensions environnementale, économique et sociale de la mobilité quotidienne des habitants d'une agglomération. L'objectif est de fournir à terme un outil d'aide à la décision simple et facilement compréhensible, qui permette de comparer diverses situations entre agglomérations aux caractéristiques différenciées ou pour rendre compte, au sein d'une même aire urbaine, du caractère durable de différentes alternatives de développement des transports urbains.&lt;br /&gt;Ce rapport est issu d'un premier travail destiné à vérifier la possibilité et la pertinence d'une élaboration d'indicateurs de mobilité durable. Il fournit les clés méthodologiques qui ont permis de construire les indicateurs retenus, il présente les résultats obtenus et souligne les enjeux qui se dégagent. Les chiffres présentés fournissent un panorama de référence pour 1995, date à laquelle s'est déroulée la dernière enquête-ménages réalisée à Lyon.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/09/82/63/PDF/SYNTHE_R.pdf</text>
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                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
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                <text>Elaboration d'indicateurs de mobilité durable</text>
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                <text>mobilité quotidienne</text>
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                <text>enquête-ménages</text>
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                <text>développement des transports urbains</text>
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                <text>agglomération lyonnaise (France)</text>
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                <text>outil d'aide à la décision</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Indicateurs de mobilité durable : application à l'agglomération de Lyon</text>
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                <text>scientific book</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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                <text>Lyon</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="535536">
                <text>Nicolas, Jean-Pierre</text>
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                <text>Pochet, Pascal</text>
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                <text>Poimboeuf, Hélène</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Montée des préoccupations environnementales locales et inquiétude croissante quant aux effets du réchauffement climatique, contraintes financières fortes, importante sensibilité des citadins vis-à-vis du libre accès à la ville... Dans ses différentes dimensions, environnementale, économique et sociale, le thème de la durabilité intervient aujourd'hui de manière récurrente dans les discours sur l'avenir des transports urbains, qu'il s'agisse d'ailleurs des déplacements de personnes ou de marchandises. Les démarches PDU, réactivées par la loi sur l'air et l'utilisation rationnelle de l'énergie de 1996, en dépit de leurs limites, sont une tentative pour intégrer les objectifs de mobilité durable dans les politiques de transport. Mais les outils d'évaluation de ces politiques manquent encore. Comment juger du caractère durable d'un système de déplacements urbains, et plus encore, comment faire évoluer sur le long terme ce système de manière à limiter les atteintes environnementales pour un coût acceptable et sans perdre de vue les objectifs d'équité sociale (réduction ou non-accroissement des inégalités) ? Pour apporter des éléments d'évaluation et de débat sur ces questions qui peuvent s'avérer rapidement conflictuelles, nous proposons d'élaborer une série d'indicateurs mettant en cohérence ces trois dimensions de la mobilité urbaine.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00068918</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="535542">
                <text>PUBLICNRS: 494317</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="535543">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/06/89/18/PDF/cahiers.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Cahiers scientifiques du transport (Les)</text>
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                <text>Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport (Les)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="535547">
                <text>Cahiers Scientifiques du Transport (Les)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
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                <text>Mobilité urbaine</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>développement durable</text>
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                <text>indicateurs</text>
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                <text>outils d'évaluation</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="535553">
                <text>Mobilité urbaine et développement durable : quels outils de mesure pour quels enjeux ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
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          </element>
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <elementContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text/>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191385">
                <text> Laplantine, François. Directeur de thèse </text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191386">
                <text>Nicolas, Jérôme</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191387">
                <text>2006</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191388">
                <text>Ce travail porte un double regard, à la fois celui du sensible et celui du politique, sur la question carnavalesque. A partir de l’expérience subjective décrite de trois carnavals français – un situé en Bourgogne, un naissant à la Réunion, et un caribéen en Guyane française – la question concerne à la fois l’être et le vivre ensemble carnavalesque du point de vue d’un imaginaire collectif, notion qui se vit, et du politique, notion qui se fait.  Cette interrogation qui pose le rapport entre fiction idéale esthétique et enjeu politique de réalité a sollicité une double perspective théorique située entre le méta-réalisme d’un système sensible et imaginaire et le monde de raison et de rationalité quotidienne.  Un examen des différents rituels, avec le concours heuristique du théâtre, de Jérôme Bosch et du jazz, découvre le gué qui autorise à passer d’un univers esthétique à celui intelligible et ainsi à analyser le dérèglement chaotique du moment carnavalesque.  Le fil rouge de cette thèse est l’effigie du roi carnaval, ce personnage fictif, monarque de l’intervalle qui lie ordre et désordre dans une folie cadrée. A la fois sujet et objet d’un imaginaire politique, il symbolise le paradoxe carnavalesque d’une action politique qui grâce au désordre maintient et légitime la société en tant que telle. Mais sa figure politique ambiguë autorise aussi de vivre ponctuellement l’expérience d’une vie plurielle construite sur l’imaginaire d’une autre réalité sociale.  Le dépouillement momentané des règles courantes qui exacerbe un expressionnisme social et culturel est ainsi exposé en carnaval comme un espace public ouvert cycliquement. Cet imaginaire démocratique permet aux différentes communautés protagonistes d’une part, de créer leur propre identité et d’autre part, d’afficher publiquement une appartenance commune à une identité urbaine plurielle qui se construit cycliquement et qui se rend visible dans l’instant carnavalesque.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191389">
                <text>http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2006/nicolas_j</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="191390">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/268</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="191391">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/f2996f7544a6e52b3d877f3985e096d7.jpg</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Fr</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Université Lumière - Lyon II</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191394">
                <text>politique, carnaval, imaginaire, esthétique, créole, improvisation, ordre, désordre, autorité</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="191395">
                <text>Anthropologie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191396">
                <text>Le carnaval : un imaginaire politique.: Etude anthropologique des carnavals de Cayenne, Saint-Gilles-de-La-Réunion et Chalon-sur-Saône</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="191397">
                <text>Thèse</text>
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          </element>
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  </item>
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    <collection collectionId="29">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644238">
                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644239">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644240">
                  <text>Crévilles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190294">
                <text>Nepveu, Pierre. Directeur de thèse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Nicolas, Lucienne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190296">
                <text>2001</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190297">
                <text>La littérature de la diaspora haïtienne voit le jour avec le départ forcé de nombreux intellectuels, notamment vers l'Europe, l'Afrique et l'Amérique du nord à partir des années 1960. L'arrivée dans le nouveau milieu nourrit un imaginaire urbain qui prend de plus en plus de place dans l'écriture des romanciers. Par sa configuration, les signes qui lui sont propres et les différences culturelles qui la séparent du lieu d'origine, la ville d'accueil fait prendre conscience de l'exil et de l'identité. Le rapport ainsi établi avec l'espace est double : les villes de la migration favorisent une thématique de l'exil et de l'errance, et celles du pays natal sont reconstituées par la mémoire. Cette étude s'étend sur six chapitres précédés d'une introduction et suivis d'une conclusion. Dans l'introduction, je définis l'objet d'étude, situe la question dans le roman haïtien avant 1960 et précise ma démarche. Chaque chapitre, conçu comme une monographie, contient un aperçu de la biographie d'un auteur et une analyse de son œuvre, qui tend à montrer l'évolution de sa pensée et de sa vision de l'espace urbain. Le premier chapitre, consacré à Jean Métellus, est une analyse de "Jacmel au crépuscule" et de la trilogie des Vortex ("La famille Vortex", "L'année Dessalines" et "Louis Vortex"). Le deuxième chapitre est une analyse de la reconstitution de la ville natale de René Depestre dans "Hadriana dans tous mes rêves". Le troisième chapitre, consacré à Jean-Claude Charles, est une analyse de "Manhattan Blues" et de "Ferdinand je suis à Paris". Le quatrième chapitre est une étude de l'itinéraire romanesque de Gérard Étienne du "Nègre crucifié" à "La pacotille". Dans le cinquième chapitre, l'écriture des romans de Dany Laferrière, particulièrement "Comment faire l'amour avec un Nègre sans se fatiguer", "L'odeur du café" et "Pays sans chapeau", rend compte de la distance entre la ville d'accueil avec sa profusion de signes hétérogènes et les villes de l'enfance ou de l'adolescence, représentées sur un ton plus intime. Le dernier chapitre est un parcours de l'itinéraire romanesque d'Émile Ollivier, de "Paysage de l'aveugle" aux "Urnes scellées".</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190298">
                <text>http://amicus.collectionscanada.ca/s4-bin/Main/ItemDisplay?l=1&amp;l_ef_l=0&amp;id=517627.1108995&amp;v=1&amp;lvl=2&amp;coll=19&amp;rt=1&amp;itm=25934723&amp;rsn=S_WWWvca3UAtQg&amp;all=1&amp;dt=+MC+|ville|&amp;spi=-&amp;rp=5&amp;vo=1</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190299">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/79</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190300">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/30a6decfc6fd4ccf031a64201b738493.jpg</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190301">
                <text>Fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190302">
                <text>Université de Montréal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190303">
                <text>Haïti, roman, exil</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190304">
                <text>Etudes françaises</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190305">
                <text>Espaces urbains dans le roman de la diaspora haïtienne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190306">
                <text>Thèse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22105" public="1" featured="0">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374785">
                <text>283-291</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374786">
                <text>Nicole Commerçon</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374787">
                <text>1986</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374788">
                <text>L'étude des changements socio-spatiaux survenus en ville moyenne depuis la guerre est effectuée à partir de trois villes d'un même espace régional: Chalon-sur-Sâone, Mâcon, Bourg-en-Bresse. Passées brutalement d'un long immobilisme à une turbulence démographique sans précédent, ces villes sont devenues de véritables «passoires» par le jeu du double courant migratoire. Celui-ci agit comme un filtre par lequel se remodèlent les sociétés urbaines. Le lien entre mobilité spatiale et mutations sociales aussi bien dans le domaine individuel que dans le champ urbain global, a été établi par une méthode expérimentale vérifiant les hypothèses pré-établies.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374789">
                <text>Socio-spatial changes in middle-sized town. 

The study of socio-spatial changes occured in middle-sized towns since the war, is applied to three towns of one regional space : Chalon-sur-Saône, Mâcon, Bourg- en-Bresse. Having abruptly passed from a long static situation to demographic turbulence never seen before, these towns have became like « strainers » through the action of the double flow of migration. The flow works like a filter which reshapes urban societies. In order to define links between spatial mobility and social changes on the individual level as well as in the general field, we have set up an experimental method leading to verify the main hypothesis. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374790">
                <text>Commerçon Nicole. Les changements socio-spatiaux en ville moyenne. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1986-2. Visages de la population de la France - Faces of french population. pp. 283-291.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374791">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1986_num_4_2_1138</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374792">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1986.1138</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374793">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374794">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374795">
                <text>spatial mobility ; Middle-sized town ; social change.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374796">
                <text>mobilité spatiale ; Ville moyenne ; mutation sociale.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374797">
                <text>Les changements socio-spatiaux en ville moyenne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374798">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22392" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378125">
                <text>225-233</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378126">
                <text>Nicole Sztokman</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378127">
                <text>1986</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378128">
                <text>Disparities of feminine activity. 

The contribution of French women to professional life has increased continuously since 1968. The economic crisis which exists since 1973 has not reduced this progress but has checked the improvement in women professional situation. The gap between men and women can therefore only be reduced slowly. The regional analysis of women's work also reveals the persistence of great disparities. The mining and steel- working towns, the ports, the towns of Southern and Central France, propose various situations to their female inhabitants; depending as much on the existence of more or less open and structured employment possibilities, as on the varying attitude of employers towards the recruitment of female staff. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="378129">
                <text>La participation des Françaises à la vie active a progressé de manière continue depuis 1968. La crise économique qui sévit depuis 1973 n'a pas ralenti ce mouvement mais freine l'amélioration de la situation professionnelle des femmes. Aussi les écarts entre les hommes et les femmes ne s'atténuent-ils que lentement. L'analyse régionale du travail féminin révèle également le maintien de fortes disparités. Les villes minières et sidérurgiques, les ports, les villes méridionales, celles de la France «médiane», offrent à leurs habitantes des situations variées tant en raison de l'existence d'un marché du travail plus ou moins ouvert et structuré que d'un comportement différencié des chefs d'entreprises en matière de recrutement féminin.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="378130">
                <text>Sztokmann Nicole. Disparités de l'activité féminine. L'exemple des grandes agglomérations françaises . In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1986-2. Visages de la population de la France - Faces of french population. pp. 225-233.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378131">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1986_num_4_2_1130</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="378132">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1986.1130</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378133">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378134">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378135">
                <text>employment ; women ; feminine activity.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="378136">
                <text>Emploi ; femmes ; activité féminine.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378137">
                <text>Disparités de l'activité féminine. L'exemple des grandes agglomérations françaises </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="378138">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="22860" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383788">
                <text>181-190</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383789">
                <text>Nicole Sztokman</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383790">
                <text>1995</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383791">
                <text>The Taiwan population: Demographic Aspects. 

While quite recently settled, the island of Taiwan is one of the most densely populated territories in the World. After its demographic growth has been controlled, the former Formose is nowadays a young country which secures very satisfactory health conditions to its inhabitants. The ageing process of the population is only beginning as the demographic transition is just achieving. The country has thus at its disposal significant labor force resources : the major asset to its development.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="383792">
                <text>De peuplement récent, l'île de Taiwan est un des territoires les plus densément peuplés du monde. Sa croissance démographique maîtrisée, l'ancienne Formose est aujourd'hui un pays jeune qui offre à ses habitants une situation sanitaire des plus satisfaisantes. Le processus de vieillissement entamé avec l'achèvement de la transition démographique ne fait que débuter et le pays dispose de ce fait d'une réserve de main-d'oeuvre considérable, atout majeur de son développement.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="383793">
                <text>Sztokmann Nicole. La population taiwanaise : aspects démographiques.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1995-2. Les populations d'Asie orientale. pp. 181-190.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383794">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1995_num_13_2_1688</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="383795">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1995.1688</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383796">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383797">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383798">
                <text>Taiwan ; Population ; Demographic Transition</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="383799">
                <text>Taiwan ; Population ; Transition démographique</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383800">
                <text>La population taiwanaise : aspects démographiques.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="383801">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="28216" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="39">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644268">
                  <text>Histoire urbaine</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644269">
                  <text>revue publiée par Société française d'histoire urbaine</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644270">
                  <text>CAIRN</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447001">
                <text>58</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447002">
                <text>Nielen, Marie-Adélaïde</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447003">
                <text>2005</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447004">
                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHU_014_0149</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447005">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447006">
                <text>Cairn</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447007">
                <text>Histoire urbaine, n 14, 3, 2005-09-01, pp.149-160</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="447008">
                <text>Mantes à travers les archives des princes de Conti </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="30545" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
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                <text>[SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management</text>
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                <text>Music and humor in the urban space - The street blocks in Rio de Janeiro carnival</text>
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                <text>, société urbaine, sociologie urbaine, urbanité, genèse des villes, forme urbaine, aménagement urbain, habitants, pauvreté, délinquance, santé, health, service public, gouvernance, Carpenter Niles</text>
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                <text>Contents :
I. The beginnings of city life :
1. The origin of city life
2. The emergence of urbanism
II. The location of the city :
1. The urban site
2. General geographic location
III. The physical setting of city life :
1. The developmental history of Rome as an epitome of the principles of urban structure and growth
2. The structure of the city
3. The city and its region
IV. City growth and its control (city and regional planning):
1. Types and direction of urban growth
2. The extent of urban growth
3. The consequences of urban growth
4. The control of city growth - city and regional planning
V. The dweller in the city -
1. The size of urban populations
2. The composition of urban populations
3. Births and deaths
VI. The urban way of life - the impact of the city upon personality
1. The conditioned responses characteristic of city life
2. The significance of conditioning influences characteristic of city life
VII. The urban way of life - work, home, worship, recreation:
1. Work
2. Home
3. Recreation
4. Religion
VII. The debit side of city life - poverty :
1. Poverty
IX. The debit side of city life - crime and vice :
1. Crime
2. Organized vice
X. The debit side of city life - mental deficiency - mental disease - suicide
1. Mental deficiency and mental disease
XI. The economy of city life :
1. The supply services of the city
2. Waste disposal in the city
XII. The econonmy of city life - public utilities - public services - government and administration :
1. Public utilities and public services
2. Government and administration
XIII. The urban prospect
1. Short-run trends in city life
2. The urban outcome
XIV. The urban outcome - an historical postscript :
1. Existing tendencies in city life
2. Possible alternative outcomes of existing tendencies
3. Possible fundamental changes in the nature of city life
4. An historical postscript
Niles Carpenter was Head of the Sociology Department and Dean of the School of Social Work at the University of Buffalo.</text>
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        <name>urbanité</name>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Strasbourg</text>
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                <text>Nilles, Richard</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Inventaire des structures en creux aménagées dans le sol, soit en plein terre, soit avec aménagement de bois, soit maçonnée. Leurs fonctions primaires sont diverses et souvent difficile à interpréter : conservation des denrées, hygiène, stockage voire extraction de matériaux et rares sont les fosses dont le comblement homogène permet de démontrer une utilisation particulière. Ces structures enterrées qui se multiplient à partir du XIIIème s. sont pour la plupart amputées de leur partie supérieure ce qui a supprimé toute relations avec un sol contemporain. Le matériel analysé ici provient des fouilles rue Hannong ; Hotel Mercure ; B‰teliers, Saint-Thomas, Commanderie Saint Jean (ENA) et Fouilles du Tramway.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00009515</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/06/09/59/PDF/JJS.Fosses.pdf</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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                <text>Fouilles récentes en Alsace. Tome 3. " Strasbourg, 10 ans d'archéologie urbaine de la caserne Barbade aux fouilles du Tram</text>
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                <text>Fouilles récentes en Alsace. Tome 3. " Strasbourg, 10 ans d'archéologie urbaine de la caserne Barbade aux fouilles du Tram</text>
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                <text>Fouilles récentes en Alsace. Tome 3. " Strasbourg, 10 ans d'archéologie urbaine de la caserne Barbade aux fouilles du Tram</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory</text>
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                <text>Strasbourg</text>
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                <text>archéologie urbaine</text>
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                <text>fosses</text>
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                <text>dépotoir</text>
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                <text>Moyen-Age</text>
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                <text>architecture</text>
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                <text>Strasbourg, 10 ans d'archéologie urbaine : les fosses à déchets médiévales et modernes</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Nissabouri, Abdelfattah</text>
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                <text>Mon but dans ce travail est d'étudier le phénomène linguistique connu sous le nom d'accent étranger chez des arabophones marocains parlant français. Dans le domaine de l'arabe marocain, la complexité de l'histoire du pays liée à la non moins grande complexité du terrain linguistique oriente d'une certaine manière l'évolution des parlers. Cette évolution se manifeste dans la dichotomie traditionnelle citadin/bédouin qui, depuis la deuxième moitié du vingtième siècle, est remise en cause par des phénomènes extra-linguistiques tel l'exode rural et le " basculement " du Maroc intérieur vers le littoral. Pour mener à bien cette recherche, J'ai procédé en premier lieu à une analyse phonologique du français parlé par un informateur principal natif de Casablanca, vocalisme d'abord et consonantisme ensuite. Cette analyse a révélé deux types d'interférences phoniques: celles que font les arabophones en général et celles liées à la dichotomie en question. La deuxième grande partie de ce travail se veut résolument dynamique. Elle comprend deux mises au point : la première précise l'état de la recherche en phonologie de l'arabe marocain et permet d'esquisser le profil d'un dénominateur commun des parlers les plus connus (citadins). Dans un deuxième temps, j'ai tenté de circonscrire dans le domaine dialectologique les marquages de type citadin et de type bédouin. Ensuite, j'ai cherché à repérer ces marquages chez des informateurs arabophones citadins et ruraux, issus de régions différentes du Maroc, en les invitant à répondre à un questionnaire phonétique bilingue pour constater que l'atténuation des caractéristiques phoniques respectives de leurs parlers peut se manifester dans leur prononciation du français.</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Patrick Geddes is considered a forefather of the modern urban planning movement. This boook studies the various, and even opposing ways, in which Geddes has been interpreted up to this day, providing a new reading of his life, writing and plans.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Geddes' scrutiny is presented as a case study for Town Planning as a whole. Tying together for the first time key concepts in cultural geography and colonial urbanism, the book proposes a more vigorous historiography, exposing hidden narratives and past agendas still dominating the disciplinary discourse. Written by a cultural geographer and a town planner, this book offers a rounded, full-length analysis of Geddes' vision and its material manifestation, functioning also as a much needed critical tool to evaluate Modern Town Planning as an academic and practical discipline. The book also includes a long overdue model of his urban theory. &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Noah Hysler-Rubin &lt;/b&gt;is a research fellow at the Institute of Contemporary Jewry at the Hebrew University and teaches history and theory of town planning at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design, Jerusalem.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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                <text>Cet article traite de la relation entre villes et campagnes et zones rurales et urbaines, en se basant sur l'étude du marché et des foires populaires de la ville fluviale d’Afuá, Pará. Il part du postulat que les divers réseaux d'approvisionnement de la ville et ses flux intrarégionaux sont en connexion, principalement avec d'autres villes et localités existantes, par le réseau fluvial, dynamisant la commercialisation des productions et marchandises régionales, primaires ou manufacturées. Cette recherche met en exergue la dynamique du commerce, au moyen d'une enquête et d’une recherche, par l’analyse des contributions théoriques, des entrevues, des documents photographiques et des entretiens qualitatifs qui en seront les supports. Cette étude vise à (re)penser les concepts et définitions de la relation ville-campagne et rural-urbain dans le contexte des villes fluviales d'Amazonie, et les spécificités de la relation rural-urbain dans la ville d’Afuá à partir de la dynamique de ce type de commerce, par la mise en valeur de son importance dans les différents réseaux de flux qui alimentent la ville en termes culturels, économiques et symboliques. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent une relation ville-campagne et rural-urbain plutôt inhérente aux villes fluviales d'Amazonie, où même l'avènement de la modernisation et ses conséquences sur les relations sociales et économiques n’ont pas perturbé le mode de vie ou la territorialité qui s’y sont historiquement construites. </text>
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                <text>The rural-town relationship is discussed through an investigation of popular markets or fairs in the river coastal town of Afuá PA Brazil. The several supply networks in the town and its intra-regional movements have wide connections underscored by the river that boosts the commerce of in natura or industrialized regional products and goods. Commerce dynamism is focused in current research which is performed through the investigatory method and analyzes theoretical contributions, interviews, photos and reflections, which are instruments that underpin its materialization. Current investigation re-considers the concepts and definitions of the countryside-town and rural-urban relationships within the context of the river coastal towns of the Amazon. It also investigates the specificities of the rural-urban relationship in Afuá from the point of view of commercial dynamics. In fact, its importance within the several movement networks, namely cultural, economical and symbolic, that supply the town, is demonstrated. Results show an intrinsic countryside-town and rural-urban relationship of the Amazon coastal towns. Even within the modernization context the economical and social relationships have not disrupted the way of life or the territoriality historically built and still extant in the region. </text>
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                <text>O presente trabalho discute a relação campo-cidade e rural-urbano, tomando como base o estudo sobre o mercado popular ou feiras na cidade ribeirinha de Afuá-PA. Parte-se do pressuposto de que as diversas redes de abastecimentos na cidade e seus fluxos intrarregionais possuem conexões, principalmente com outras cidades e localidades existentes, pela rede fluvial, dinamizando a comercialização de produtos e mercadorias regionais (in natura) ou industrializadas. Nessa pesquisa é pontuada a dinâmica do comércio, pelo método de investigação/pesquisa, analisadas as contribuições teóricas, entrevistas, registros fotográficos, observação e entrevistas qualitativas, sendo instrumentos de suporte para efetivação da mesma. Este trabalho buscou (re)pensar os conceitos e definições da relação campo-cidade e rural-urbano no contexto das cidades ribeirinhas amazônicas; as especificidades da relação rural-urbano na cidade de Afuá, a partir da dinâmica desse tipo de comércio apontando sua importância nas diversas redes de fluxos que abastecem a cidade em termos culturais, econômicos e simbólicos. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam uma relação campo-cidade e rural-urbano bastante intrínseca nas cidades ribeirinhas amazônicas, que, mesmo com o advento da modernização implicando nas relações econômicas e sociais não desestruturaram o modo de vida ou uma territorialidade que historicamente ali fora construído. </text>
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                <text>A relação rural-urbano a partir das cidades ribeirinhas: o papel do comércio popular (feiras) na cidade de Afuá (PA)</text>
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                <text>Histoire urbaine, n 29, 3, 2010-12-22, pp.99-128</text>
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