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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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                <text>13-16</text>
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                <text>P. George</text>
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                <text>1984</text>
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                <text>Identity of group — Identity of territory. About connections between population and space. 
The most elementary connection of populations with their space is appropriation, which is revealed by a frontier, a designation and an organization. But the role of conquests, surbordinations and migrations has multiplied the forms of connections between populations sharing a same space. The author analyses more particularly the case of superposition of a framework on another and taht of the eviction of a population from his space and of his projection in others' space.</text>
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                <text>Le rapport le plus simple des populations à l'espace est l'appropriation, qui s'exprime par des limites, une désignation et une organisation. Mais le rôle des conquêtes, des subordinations et des migrations a multiplié les formes de relations entre populations se partageant un même espace. L'auteur analyse plus particulièrement le cas de la superposition d'une grille à une autre et celui de l'éviction d'une population de son espace et de sa projection dans l'espace des autres.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374267">
                <text>George Pierre. Identité de groupe - identité de territoire. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1984-1. Limites et frontières. pp. 13-16.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1984_num_2_1_933</text>
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                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1984.933</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>fre</text>
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                <text>minorities. ; cultural appropriation ; frontier ; domination</text>
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                <text>Appropriation culturelle ; minorités ; domination ; limites</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Identité de groupe - identité de territoire</text>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>131-140</text>
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                <text>P. Surault</text>
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                <text>1984</text>
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                <text>Factors of Social Differentiation in Mortality Rates 
Far from narrowing, as could have been expected, the mortality gap connected with social environment has tended to widen fot the past thirty years in industrialized countries. Against a general background of increased life expectancy, differences in working conditions and behaviour (consumption of alcohol, tobacco and food, physical activity...), with behaviour often influenced by working conditions, on the one hand, differences in access to health care, on the other, account for these differentials in mortality and their increase. And yet, their reduction, through an improvement in the situation of the underprivileged, could increase life expectancy in a significant way.</text>
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                <text>Loin de se réduire, comme on aurait pu s'y attendre, les écarts de mortalité suivant le milieu social ont eu tendance à s'accroître depuis une trentaine d'années dans les pays industrialisés. Dans un contexte général d'allongement de l'espérance de vie, les différences de conditions de travail et de comportements (consommation d'alcool, de tabac et alimentaire, activités physiques...), ceux-ci étant souvent liés à celles-là, d'une part, le recours différentiel aux soins, d'autre part, expliquent ces écarts et leur accroissement. Pourtant, leur réduction, par une amélioration de la situation des plus défavorisés, pourrait entraîner une augmentation sensible de l'espérance de vie.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375315">
                <text>Surault Pierre. Les facteurs de différenciation sociale de la mortalité. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1984-3. La mortalité adulte dans les pays industrialisés. pp. 131-140.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1984_num_2_3_983</text>
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                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1984.983</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375318">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>PERSEE</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Pathogenic behaviour ; Access to Health Care. ; Differential mortality rates ; France ; Working conditions ; Morbidity</text>
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                <text>France ; Mortalité différentielle ; Conditions de travail ; Comportements pathogènes ; Morbidité ressentie ; Recours aux soins.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375322">
                <text>Les facteurs de différenciation sociale de la mortalité</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Développement durable et territoires</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text/>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Revues.org</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Paddeu, Flaminia</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2013-07-16</text>
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                <text>L'asthme infantile est une maladie respiratoire dont la prévalence ne cesse d'augmenter dans les pays industrialisés. À New York, l'asthme infantile est deux fois plus élevé que la moyenne nationale, et trois fois plus dans le South Bronx, quartier défavorisé et industrialisé du Nord de la ville. L'augmentation de l'asthme est de plus en plus reliée aux facteurs environnementaux tels que la pollution atmosphérique. D'un problème de santé publique, l'asthme est devenu un enjeu de santé environnementale. Depuis les années 1980 l'asthme y est utilisé comme outil politique et rhétorique au service des revendications de justice environnementale. Le cas d'étude du quartier de Hunts Point (South Bronx) permet d'étudier les stratégies d'utilisation de l'asthme par les activistes locaux, comme un enjeu à l'intersection entre pollution atmosphérique et inégalités sociales et raciales. </text>
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                <text>Childhood asthma is a respiratory disease whose prevalence is increasing in industrialized countries. In New York, childhood asthma is twice the national average, and even three times in the South Bronx, a low-income industrialized area located North of the city. The increase of asthma tends to be more and more linked to environmental factors such as air pollution. Originally a public health problem, asthma has become an environmental health challenge. But since the 1980's, asthma in New York has been used as a political and rhetorical tool serving environmental justice advocacy. The case study of Hunts Point (South Bronx) allows us to study strategies for the use of asthma by local activists, as an issue at the intersection between air pollution and social and racial inequalities. </text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="575589">
                <text>http://developpementdurable.revues.org/9779</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="575590">
                <text>fr</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>air pollution</text>
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                <text>asthma</text>
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                <text>environmental health</text>
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                <text>environmental justice</text>
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                <text>inequalities</text>
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                <text>New York</text>
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                <text>asthme</text>
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                <text>Hunts Point.</text>
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                <text>inégalités</text>
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                <text>justice environnementale</text>
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                <text>New York</text>
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                <text>pollution atmosphérique</text>
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                <text>santé environnementale</text>
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                <text>South Bronx</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="575607">
                <text>De la santé environnementale à la justice environnementale : l'enjeu de l'asthme infantile dans le South Bronx (New York)</text>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="501720">
                <text>Padeiro, Miguel</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="501721">
                <text>2009-10-15</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="501722">
                <text>Depuis le début des années 1970, le prolongement vers la banlieue parisienne de plusieurs lignes du métropolitain a contribué à l'unification fonctionnelle de deux espaces traditionnellement opposés. Ce déploiement d'un réseau à l'origine éminemment parisien interroge à la fois, d'une part, l'évolution intrinsèque du tissu social et urbain des quartiers desservis et, de l'autre, le rôle joué par l'infrastructure de transport collectif. Cette recherche, qui se base sur un découpage de l'espace par bandes annulaires ainsi que sur l'exploitation des données de l'occupation du sol (IAURIF/MOS) et du recensement de la population (INSEE/RGP), est conduite en trois temps. D'abord, l'identification de formes de polarisation urbaine par intensification des tissus bâtis montre l'existence d'une différenciation spatiale interne à la banlieue et indépendante de la distance à Paris. Ensuite, l'introduction de la dimension temporelle et des variables descriptives du parc de logements conduit à remettre en question le sens du lien causal entre réseau métropolitain et configuration urbaine. Enfin, l'analyse de la distribution des variables sociodémographiques et de leur évolution récente permet de reconnaître la concomitance entre la distribution des résidents et la distance au métro, mais révèle surtout leur lien aux caractéristiques des logements. Plus que le métro, le poids des héritages urbains apparaît comme le principal déterminant des configurations observées</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="501723">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00438092</text>
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                <text>2009PEST1074</text>
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                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/53/46/74/PDF/74_Padeiro.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="501726">
                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="501727">
                <text>Université Paris-Est</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>A rede metropolitana parisiense conhece desde o início da década de 70 uma expansão espacial contínua que levou à criação de 28 estações de metro nos subúrbios da cidade, aumentando para 54 o seu número total. Tal desenvolvimento questiona os efeitos produzidos num espaço heterogéneo, simultaneamente figura da antiga “cintura vermelha”, da actual extensão da centralidade parisiense (Burgel, 1999, 2006) e da reactivação dos arredores mais próximos de Paris como alvo da política regional. A partir da exploração estatística e geográfica da base de dados M.O.S. (Mode d'occupation du sol) e da análise aos projectos de prolongamento das linhas de metro, pretende-se avaliar os efeitos das infra-estruturas no espaço urbano da proche banlieue de Paris. Pouco perceptíveis, as alterações esboçam modos de causalidade diferentes das relações infra-estrutura/território habitualmente apontadas nos discursos e na prática dos decisores em matéria de transporte urbano. À retórica do “efeito estruturante” (Offner, 1993) sobre o urbanismo não corresponde o peso, na decisão, dos critérios da rentabilidade sócio-económica, tidos como racionais e objectivos, e que finalmente constituem um factor de minimização do risco financeiro. Os balanços ex-post, realizados a curto e médio prazo, não facilitam a evolução da prática e dos discursos político e científico. Arriscar e desenhar a cidade com o auxílio do transporte obriga enfim a colocar a questão das contradições que põem em causa a integração das políticas de transporte e de ordenamento. Nas primeiras domina a lógica de rentabilidade e polarização dos fluxos, as segundas respondem a objectivos de distribuição igualitária que tendem por isso mesmo em dispersar a procura (Bonnafous, 1994). Da causalidade figurada às práticas reais, que ligações?</text>
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                <text>VI Congresso da Geografia Portuguesa</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>O metro e a cidade : das representações da causalidade à integração transporte/ordenamento em Paris.</text>
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=ESP_G2000_101-102_0061</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="431704">
                <text>Cairn</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="431705">
                <text>Espaces et sociétés, n101-102, 2, 2000-06-01, pp.61-74</text>
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                <text>La Gouvernace ou comment s'en débarrasser. (Stratégies de corruption)</text>
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                  <text>Confins</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Padua, Rafael Faleiros de</text>
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                <text>La désindustrialisation de São Paulo, tout en reproduisant certains aspects de l'industrialisation (et de l'urbanisation) de la ville, apporte nouveaux problèmes à l'analyse. Nous cherchons à montrer les persistances et les ruptures du processus, à expliquer qu’il s'agit d'un processus contradictoire de reproduction de la métropole. Une recherche sur un quartier de Santo Amaro, dans la région sud-ouest de la ville, tente une approche des nouveaux contenus produits par ce contexte de desindustrialisation. </text>
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                <text>The deindustrialisation of São Paulo, while reproducing certain aspects of the industrialization (and of the urbanization) of the city, brings new problems to the analysis. We seek to show persistences and ruptures of the process, to explain that it is about a contradictory process of reproduction of the metropolis. A research on a district of Santo Amaro, in the south-western area of the city, tries an approach of the new contents produced by this context of deindustrialisation. </text>
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                <text>A desindustrialização em São Paulo, ao mesmo tempo em que retoma aspectos da industrialização (e urbanização) da cidade, traz novos problemas à análise. Procuramos mostrar as persistências e rupturas do processo, buscando deixar claro que se trata de um processo contraditório de reprodução da metrópole. Através da pesquisa sobre um lugar localizado em Santo Amaro, região sudoeste da cidade, tenta-se uma aproximação com os novos conteúdos produzidos neste contexto de desindustrialização. </text>
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                <text>fr</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Deindustrialisation</text>
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                <text>Refletindo sobre a desindustrialização em São Paulo</text>
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                  <text>Les Cahiers d'EMAM sont une revue interdisciplinaire qui se propose de contribuer à la restitution des savoirs sur le monde arabe et la Méditerranée, dans leurs interférences avec le reste du monde, autour des questions urbaines et des processus de constructions/reconfigurations territoriales dans leurs dimensions sociales, économiques et politiques en encourageant les idées nouvelles et les démarches comparatives.</text>
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                <text>Pouvoir municipal et production de la ville coloniale. Constantine 1854-1903 de Badia Belabed-Sahraoui</text>
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                <text>Sociologie urbaine</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>La ville et/ou la médina de Constantine ont été l’objet de nombreux travaux, thèses, mémoires, articles en ce qui concerne les questions urbaines et architecturales. Le présent ouvrage, qui correspond à la publication d’une Thèse de doctorat d’État algérien, s’inscrit dans cette vaste production, sur laquelle un point rapide est effectué, avec une orientation historique appuyée sur un large et fécond recours aux archives historiques de la ville de Constantine (registres des délibérations du C...</text>
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                <text>Pagand, Bernard</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="598624">
                <text>Équipe Monde arabe Méditerranée|CITERES</text>
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                <text>2013-11-27</text>
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                <text>http://emam.revues.org/573</text>
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                <text>Cette thèse analyse les implications empiriques des économies d'agglomération. De nombreuses limitations dans les études existantes sont surmontées. Les applications dans les pays en développement sont privilégiées, en particuliers ceux qui ont expérimenté une plus forte intégration à l'économie mondiale du fait de l'ouverture commerciale ou des colonisations. Les applications s'intéressent plus particulièrement aux mécanismes proposés par la Nouvelle Économie Géographique (NEG). Le chapitre 1 étude l'évolution de l'économie géographique mondiale en testant l'impact de l'accès aux marchés comme variable explicative de la structure spatiale des salaires pour 27 industries sur la période 1980-2003. L'équation de salaire est estimée en panel pour chacune des industries. Les coefficients sont positifs est significatifs dans 16 secteurs. Les secteurs de haute technologie sont particulièrement robustes. Les chapitres 2 et 3 se concentrent sur l'impact de l'ouverture commerciale sur les régions brésiliennes. Le chapitre 2 confirme l'impact positif de l'accès aux marchés sur les salaires à l'aide de donnés individuelles et des entreprises. Comme l'existence de différentiels de salaires devrait entraîner à terme la mobilité des facteurs, le chapitre 3 évalue l'hypothèse d'un effet significatif et positif de l'accès aux marchés sur les flux de migration bilatéraux. L'utilisation des données individuelles permet de construire des mesures de migration au niveau industriel et par niveau de qualification. Les résultats confirment l'impact positif de la variable d'intérêt, mais soulignent aussi l'importance des coûts à la migration et le biais de sélection dans la réduction des flux migratoires. Enfin, le chapitre 4 propose une étude empirique sur le rôle de l'histoire dans la formation des agglomérations. Il se base sur les épisodes des fondations des villes espagnoles dans le continent américaine. Pendant le processus de colonisation, de très grands chocs (guerres, catastrophes naturelles), ont généré des variations importantes suivant la localisation des villes. Des phénomènes d'hystérèse peuvent être identifiés à l'aide des modèles de durée. Les résultats suggèrent une très forte instabilité des villes au début de la conquête, attribués aux désordres politiques. Plus tard, la maturité institutionnelle conduit à une plus forte stabilité urbaine.</text>
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                <text>Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I</text>
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                <text>Les économies d'agglomérations dans les pays en développement</text>
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                <text>Large cities in the world confront an interesting dilemma: more democracy and therefore fragmentation of their governments into small agencies, or better performance in an integrated world system of cities and therefore better co-ordination of government functions. Fragmentation or co-ordination? Relevance of Metropolitan Government explores this dilemma through a detailed study of two cities in Latin America: Caracas in Venezuela, and Monterrey in Mexico. The book also introduces a method to evaluate co-ordination arrangements and gives recommendations to deal with the double question of democracy and performance faced by cities in an integrated world. In the first chapters the book sets up a theoretical framework to discuss issues of metropolitan government in the case studies Caracas and Monterrey. Chapter 2 deals with the insertion of the study within the contemporary debates about metropolitan government and metropolitan governance. In this chapter the choice for the analysis methods and the case studies is made clear. Chapter 3 deals with the specific profiles of Caracas and Monterrey, which are presented as representative cases of capital cities and export cities in Latin America. Chapter 4 through 7 review the co-ordination levels of a pair of metropolitan functions (physical planning and urban public transport) in these cities. This part of the study is based on empirical data, ranging form interviews and document analysis made in place in these Latin American cities. Chapter 4 and 5 are dedicated to Caracas and chapters 6 and 7 to Monterrey. On chapter 8 conclusions of the study are drawn in regard to the basic statements and research made of the first part of the book. The main findings are, the existence and resilience of good co-ordination efforts in both of the case studies, the need for more political support for metropolitan government implementation and the existence of sensible bottlenecksmainly politicalin the establishment or progress of government reform.
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                <text>L'intention de cette communication est de mettre à l'épreuve les catégories de l'ambiance à partir d'une perspective particulière : celle en rapport avec l'emploi des nouvelles technologies. Pour illustrer ces propos, la démarche présentée est la vidéo-installation Madrid-Paris, qui travaille sur des lieux représentatifs des deux villes à travers leurs respectives lignes 5 de métro. Cette installation questionne la perception du nouvel espace-temps qui se configure aujourd'hui dans le "réseau" et en général à travers l'observation du cyberespace. Il s'agit d'un simulacre ontologiquement équivalent à la réalité qu'il remplace ; altération de fragments d'une narration minimale audiovisuelle à caractère éphémère, perceptions subtiles dans lesquelles l'instant est altéré et où cohabitent les mêmes espaces en différents moments. Les objets de travail sont des lieux virtuels proposés par les pages web "Pages Jaunes", "QDQ" et "Google Earth" des deux villes, mis en parallèle avec une bande-son réalisée à partir de prises sonores "in situ" de Madrid et Paris.</text>
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&#13;
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                <text>La porosité est une notion déterminante pour penser la ville contemporaine. Elle s’inscrit dans une conception renouvelée de la mobilité, qui enchevêtre les dimensions sociale et physique. &#13;
&#13;
Comprise comme une métaphore, elle sert à penser l’adaptabilité et la stratification des tissus, des eaux, de la végétation et des dynamiques de la nature. La ville poreuse est né de la réflexion menée par Bernardo Secchi et Paola Viganò sur le Grand Paris et la métropole de l’après-Kyoto, à partir de la mission de recherche et projet lancée par la Présidence de la République en 2009.&#13;
&#13;
L’hypothèse des auteurs est que toute métropole devra, à l’avenir, se confronter à une «nouvelle question urbaine» qui se décline en trois situations de crise, liées à la croissance progressive des inégalités sociales, à l’accroissement des risques environnementaux et à la mobilité au sens large, sur fond d’une crise économique et politique d’ampleur.&#13;
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Agir sur la structure spatiale de la métropole et de son imaginaire, garantir une accessibilité généralisée, donner de l’espace à l’eau et aux relations biotiques, procéder par stratifications pour réduire la consommation d’énergie: ce sont les stratégies fondamentales d’une solution non élitaire à ces problèmes.&#13;
&#13;
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