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                <text>Marguerat Yves. Réflexions provisoires sur la décadence des villes secondaires au Cameroun. Paris : CNRS, 1970, 4 p. La Croissance Urbaine en Afrique Noire et à Madagascar, Bordeaux; Talence (FRA), 1970</text>
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                <text>Réflexions provisoires sur la décadence des villes secondaires au Cameroun</text>
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                <text>Dans cet article, basé sur un entretien et présenté sous la forme d'un dialogue entre les auteurs, Colette Pétonnet, s'appuyant sur la théorie de Roger Bastide sur les deux formes d'acculturation, expose plusieurs exemples (en particulier dans le domaine de la cuisine). C.P. remet en cause l'emploi du concept de "métissage" appliqué aux phénomènes culturels. Eliane Daphy propose, en réponse aux propos de C.P., des exemples dans le domaine de la musique populaire, en particulier dans le groupe de musiciens de Myriam Makaba (chanteuse sud-africaine noire, alors réfugiée aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique, en raison de l'Apartheid).</text>
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                <text>Vibrations. Revue d'études des musiques populaires</text>
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                <text>Vibrations. Revue d'études des musiques populaires</text>
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                <text>[SHS:MUSIQ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Musicology and performing arts</text>
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                <text>Ethnologie</text>
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                <text>Acculturation</text>
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                <text>Metissage</text>
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                <text>Musique</text>
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                <text>Perception</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="505170">
                <text>Immigration</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="505171">
                <text>Myriam Makeba</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="505172">
                <text>France</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="505173">
                <text>Ethnologie</text>
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                <text>Roger Bastide</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="505175">
                <text>Réflexions sur l'acculturation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
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              <elementText elementTextId="375608">
                <text>399-403</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375611">
                <text>About the geography of labour: retrospect and prospect 

The industrial development in the second half of XIX century had concentrated employment and inhabitants in the regions of mining, heavy engineering and in metropolitan areas. The present tendencies call the localisation of new industries with high productivity in areas where are jointed the high training of staff and the advantages of agréable residence. But the industrial regions of the first generation refuse to decay and after the clearing of social effects of crisis, imagine new creating activities. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375612">
                <text>La révolution industrielle du XIXe siècle avait concentré les activités dans les régions minières et les grandes villes industrielles. Les tendances actuelles sont au transfert d'industries à forte valeur ajoutée dans des sites de formation de personnel de haute qualité et de résidence agréable. Mais les régions industrielles de la première génération refusent la décadence et, une fois le choc social de la crise passé, réimaginent de nouvelles activités.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375613">
                <text>George Pierre. Réflexions sur la géographie du travail. Rétrospective et prospective.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1988-3. La population face à l'emploi - Population and work opportunities. pp. 399-403.</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1988_num_6_3_1286</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375618">
                <text>Sunbelt. ; Industrial region ; Redistribution ; Technical centers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375619">
                <text>Région industrielle ; Redéploiement ; Technopôles ; Tropisme du soleil.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Réflexions sur la géographie du travail. Rétrospective et prospective.</text>
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                  <text>Histoire urbaine</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>22</text>
              </elementText>
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              <elementText elementTextId="446691">
                <text>Blum, Françoise</text>
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                <text>
  Il y a encore un usage sexué de l'automobile, bien qu'en voie d'atténuation. 
Hommes et femmes n'ont pas les mêmes comportements au volant, ni la même 
pratique de la conduite. Les femmes par exemple conduisent toujours plus en ville. 
Cet usage sexué s'est évidemment historiquement constitué, des origines de 
l'automobile à nos jours. Très marginale avant 1914, en augmentation nette 
entre les deux guerres dans les classes dominantes et urbaines, la pratique 
féminine de la conduite connaît une véritable démocratisation à partir des 
années 50. Les femmes ont néanmoins été longtemps victimes d'une idéologie 
qui les cantonnait dans un rôle secondaire au volant, ne leur tolérant l'usage que 
de petites voitures, et comme seul territoire la ville.
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHU_011_0055</text>
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          </element>
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                <text>Histoire urbaine, n 11, 3, 2004-09-01, pp.55-79</text>
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                <text>Réflexions sur les usages sexués de l'automobile en France aux XIXe et XXe siècles. Femme au volant, figure de l'urbanité ?</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="446216">
                <text>67</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="446217">
                <text>Guignet, Philippe</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="446218">
                <text>2002</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>Histoire urbaine, n 6, 2, 2002-06-01, pp.151-159</text>
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                <text>Réflexions sur un parcours : Pierre Deyon (1927-2002)</text>
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                <text>Cet article s'intègre dans un volume collectif consacré aux définitions des minorités dans différents contextes nationaux. La démarche comparative mise en œuvre s'inscrit dans la lignée des auteurs qui ont travaillé sur cette perspective historique, notamment Marcel Gauchet, pour qui l'autonomie est opposée à l'hétéronomie et correspond à l'affirmation du règne du sujet (collectif de l'État-nation ou individuel avec ses droits subjectifs). L'hypothèse structurante de l'analyse est qu'il existe une évolution commune, sinon synchronique des sociétés contemporaines dans l'accomplissement d'un même processus d'autonomisation. Plusieurs traits du fait identitaire en région Volga-Oural se révèlent non spécifiques à la zone : l'avancée du processus de sécularisation et l'usage identitaire des religions, la subjectivisation des identités et l'appartenance individuelle à des communautés recomposées. Qu'il s'agisse des paramètres de l'urbanisation, de la montée en force d'une société civile, des indices de la consommation ou de ceux de l'affirmation de quant-à-soi ethniques, à la fin des années 1960 la société soviétique était bien loin de ce qu'elle avait été au début de la décennie. Dans un contexte de désidéologisation, les catégories nationales diffusées par l'État soviétique au cours des années 1930 furent réappropriées, durant l'époque brejnévienne, par des populations fraîchement urbanisées et éduquées en russe. L'article conclut que les phénomènes observés en URSS pour cette période cruciale des années 1960, de montée des régionalismes et de développement des historiographies nationales se retrouvent à des degrés divers dans l'histoire des pays occidentaux.</text>
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                <text>Bretons, Indiens, Kabyles... des minorités nationales ?</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
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                <text>histoire contemporaine de la Russie</text>
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                <text>Reflux idéologique, afflux d'identités. Urbanisation et usages de l'ethnos dans l'URSS des années 1960 - 1970</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>55</text>
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                <text>Florin, Bénédicte</text>
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                <text>2010</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Cairn</text>
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                <text>Géocarrefour, , 2, 2010-10-11, pp.109-118</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>réforme</text>
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                <text> déchets</text>
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                <text> chiffonniers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="92843">
                <text> organisation professionnelle</text>
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                <text> territoire</text>
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                <text> Egypte</text>
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                <text>reform</text>
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                <text> solid waste</text>
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                <text> rag-and-bone men</text>
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                <text> professional organisation</text>
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                <text> territory</text>
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                <text> strategy</text>
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                <text> adjustment</text>
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                <text> Cairo</text>
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                <text> Egypt</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Réforme de la gestion des déchets et reconfigurations des territoires professionnels des chiffonniers du Caire</text>
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                <text>Ghorra-Gobin, Cynthia</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2010</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>En prenant comme terrain la ville nord-américaine, l'analyse met en scène le débat sur la ville compacte versus la ville étalée. Elle indique l'intérêt que portent certains élus et professionnels américains en faveur de la densité urbaine.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00547218</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="496453">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/54/72/18/PDF/Urbanisme_Suburbia_2010.pdf</text>
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                <text>Urbanisme</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>suburbia</text>
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                <text>Etats-Unis</text>
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                <text>aménagement urbain</text>
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                <text>new urbanism</text>
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                <text>densité</text>
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                <text>Réformer la suburbia</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Paris</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="529423">
                <text>France</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Allaire, Julien</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2005-09-14</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Le développement chinois résulte de la transition d'une économie maoïste à une économie socialiste de marché amorcée il y a plus de 25 ans. La soutenabilité du développement chinois dépend de la consommation de ressources naturelles. Nous étudions dans cet article la question de l'urbanisation du territoire en revenant sur les réformes concernant l'usage du sol en milieu urbain. Les villes chinoises se sont rapidement développées depuis la mise en place d'un système foncier dual confrontant allocation de terrain et marché foncier. La valorisation de la terre dans un contexte de décentralisation et de privatisation a donné beaucoup de pouvoirs aux gouvernements locaux. La somme des politiques locales a engendré une rapide urbanisation des terres arables. Le gouvernement central tente de contenir ce phénomène menaçant la sécurité alimentaire du pays.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00096011</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="529428">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/09/60/11/PDF/JA_AFSE2006.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>55e colloque de l'Association française de science économique, Paris, 14-15 septembre 2005</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
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                <text>Marché foncier</text>
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                <text>transition</text>
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Reforming Urban Labor is a history of the nineteenth-century social reforms designed by middle-class progressives to domesticate the labor force. Industrial production required a concentrated labor force, but the swelling masses of workers in the capitals of Britain and Belgium, the industrial powerhouses of Europe, threatened urban order. At night, after factories had closed, workers and their families sheltered in the shadowy alleyways of Brussels and London. Reformers worked to alleviate the danger, dispersing the laborers and their families throughout the suburbs and the countryside. National governments subsidized rural housing construction and regulated workmen's trains to transport laborers nightly away from their urban work sites and to bring them back again in the mornings; municipalities built housing in the suburbs. On both sides of the Channel, respectable working families were removed from the rookeries and isolated from the marginally employed, planted out beyond the cities where they could live like, but not with, the middle classes.&lt;br /&gt;
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Jean-Pierre Cuisinier</text>
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11 mars 2010

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CSTB

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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par l'&amp;eacute;diteur :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
A travers la ville durable, il nous faut interroger la civilisation urbaine. Vivre en ville, c&amp;rsquo;est adopter certains comportements, avoir des exigences culturelles, profiter de services collectifs qui deviennent au fil du temps un mode de vie. Or, la civilisation urbaine actuelle n&amp;rsquo;est pas &amp;eacute;co-compatible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Peut-on la faire &amp;eacute;voluer ? Prendre un nouveau cap ? Comment agir ? Peut-on b&amp;acirc;tir un autre monde &amp;agrave; partir de la ville ?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
C&amp;rsquo;est un parcours que les auteurs nous proposent de suivre, un fil d&amp;rsquo;Ariane qui partirait de la ville pour d&amp;eacute;boucher au seuil d&amp;rsquo;une nouvelle fa&amp;ccedil;on de vivre : une civilisation urbaine devenue durable car, sous des r&amp;eacute;alit&amp;eacute;s alarmantes, des signaux faibles nous incitent &amp;agrave; croire qu&amp;rsquo;une &amp;eacute;volution positive a d&amp;eacute;j&amp;agrave; commenc&amp;eacute;. Pour cela, les deux auteurs, de profils compl&amp;eacute;mentaires, se sont associ&amp;eacute;s en un seul regard compl&amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute; par des observations d'experts.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Alain Maugard&lt;/b&gt; est polytechnicien et ing&amp;eacute;nieur des Ponts et Chauss&amp;eacute;es, il a dirig&amp;eacute; l&amp;rsquo;EPAD et le Centre Scientifique et Technique du B&amp;acirc;timent.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Jean-Pierre Cuisinier&lt;/b&gt; est journaliste.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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