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                <text>Paris</text>
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                <text>Chevalier, Patrice</text>
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                <text>Petit port de pêche situé sur les côtes de la mer Rouge, al-/Hudayyda change progressivement de statut et de dimensions avec l'arrivée de l'armée ottomane en 1839. Al-/Hudayyda se voit alors choisi comme l'un des points stratégiques (militaire et politique) du dispositif colonial ottoman. Grâce aux différentes infrastructures mises en place par l'administration ottomane, mais aussi grâce à l'ouverture du canal de Suez en 1869, le village attire peu à peu une population multiethnique et cosmopolite venue y commercer ou simplement y trouver refuge, dans un contexte politique régional passablement agité. D'une centaine de yéménites à l'origine, il compte 42 000 âmes à la veille de la première guerre mondiale. La cohabitation sous administration ottomane va-t-elle générer ou non des échanges ou emprunts entre les différentes communautés ? Les Ottomans vont-ils réussir à transcender les multiples appartenances identitaires au profit d'une appartenance citoyenne à l'empire, comme le prévoit leur ambitieux programme de réformes ? La ville d'al-/Hudayyda sera-t-elle dotée d'une identité spécifique suffisamment forte pour que les individus appartenant aux différentes communautés présentes s'identifient à la ville ? Voilà quelques unes des questions auxquelles cet article tente de répondre.</text>
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                <text>La référence territoriale dans la construction identitaire au Yémen</text>
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                <text>[SHS:SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science</text>
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                <text>Yémen</text>
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                <text>L'identité urbaine d'al-Hudayyda sous la seconde occupation ottomane, 1849-1918</text>
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                <text>conference, seminar, workshop communication</text>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Grégoire, Emmanuel</text>
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                <text>Théry, Hervé</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Comparaison des situations du Brésil et de l'Ile Maurice sur le marché mondial du sucre</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00257265</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/25/72/65/PDF/Ogre_et_petit_Poucet_Gregoire_et_Thery.pdf</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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                <text>L'Espace Géographique</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>Brésil</text>
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                <text>Maurice</text>
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                <text>L'ogre et le petit Poucet</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Poitou, Jacques</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Cet article examine les différents types de composés traditionnellement appelés "copulatifs" en allemand et en propose une catégorisation basée à la fois sur la valeur référentielle des composants et du composés et le rapport sémantique entre eux. On distingue notamment des composés copulatifs les composés additifs (blauwerot) et les composés relationnels (deutsch-französisch). On parvient à la conclusion que la dominance des composés déterminatifs en allemand est telle que nombre de composés dits copulatifs peuvent être également interprétés comme déterminatifs.</text>
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                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00371600</text>
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                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/16/00/PDF/Poitou-2007b.pdf</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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                <text>Nouveaux Cahiers d'Allemand</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics</text>
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                <text>allemand</text>
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                <text>composition</text>
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                <text>composés déterminatifs</text>
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                <text>composés copulatifs</text>
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                <text>formation des mots</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Les composés dits copulatifs</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Tunisia</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="516993">
                <text>Ben Hadj Salem, Mohsen</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="516994">
                <text>2008</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>The TGM (Tunis-Goulette-Marsa) is a railway line which connects Tunis with&lt;br /&gt;Marsa while passing by Goulette. The first electrified suburban line of the&lt;br /&gt;African continent, bears officially the name of TGM since 1905, date of the&lt;br /&gt;inauguration of the first direct layout through the Tunis Lake. In fact well the&lt;br /&gt;TGM was at the origin of the Tunis extension of towards north creating in sea&lt;br /&gt;front, the most attractive suburbs of the capital. We propose to put the projector&lt;br /&gt;on this railway line characteristics and the architectural specificities of its&lt;br /&gt;stations, in an historical and contemporary aiming, in order to direct the Tunisian&lt;br /&gt;urban developers towards the interests of the railway heritage and to feed the&lt;br /&gt;current reflexion on Tunisian urban space and the rail-bound transports.&lt;br /&gt;Indeed, to follow the evolution of the suburban railroad statutes contributes to an&lt;br /&gt;awareness of the city as a significant space. The reading of urban space is not&lt;br /&gt;limited to architectural forms, it is also organized by its means of transports.&lt;br /&gt;Instead of getting lost in a total, general and reducing definition of the northern&lt;br /&gt;Tunis suburbs identity, we will target the place of the railway identity of an area&lt;br /&gt;in its total identity.&lt;br /&gt;More precisely, we think that the Railway stations are urban entities which knew&lt;br /&gt;how to generate their own temporal culture, and where it is urgent to study the&lt;br /&gt;“lifespan” of its identity impact. Line TGM is punctuated by stations which&lt;br /&gt;preserved the original néo-Moorish style with a repair in 1979, but today, a&lt;br /&gt;harmony loss with surrounding urban fabric is clearly perceptible. These stations&lt;br /&gt;are directly active in the production of the suburbs regional identity but are&lt;br /&gt;locked up and are not any more transformed to constitute a different universe&lt;br /&gt;being used as developing reference. The TGM myth does not exist any more but&lt;br /&gt;only in books. With the accelerated urbanization and use of cars, those which&lt;br /&gt;take it are stripped and do not have any idea of its history. This micro-regional&lt;br /&gt;identity can, through a particular form of development, overcome the challenges&lt;br /&gt;of urban developments which tend to asphyxiate it and destroy it.&lt;br /&gt;On a methodological level, it is a question to write an identifying monograph of&lt;br /&gt;a space, on the one hand, by exploring its endogenous memory, and on the other&lt;br /&gt;hand, by focusing on contemporary uses and practical. We will carry a new&lt;br /&gt;glance on urban, architectural, technical, economic and social potentialities of&lt;br /&gt;TGM line and stations. We will emphasize the permanence of historical indices&lt;br /&gt;which are continuously secreted.&lt;br /&gt;The results will consolidate the assumption that the railway line identity and&lt;br /&gt;architectural potential must be better taken into Tunisian urban space reflexions.&lt;br /&gt;The relations which we establish between railway identity, architectural identity&lt;br /&gt;and social identity, is a transverse reading which makes possible a better control&lt;br /&gt;of increasing contradictions between the areas modernization and their urban&lt;br /&gt;identity.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00353019</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="516997">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/35/30/19/PDF/ben_hadj_salem_TGM_railway_station.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>ENG</text>
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                <text>Regional architecture and identity in the age of globalization</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517000">
                <text>Regional architecture and identity in the age of globalization, The Second International Conference of the Center for the study of architecture in the Arab Region</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Après identification des quartiers riches et des quartiers les plus démunis de l'agglomération lyonnaise, la mise en œuvre d'indicateurs d'accessibilité à la structure moyenne d'un panier de biens, interroge sur le cumul et la reproduction sociale des inégalités. Un premier « décalage » dans l'accès aux modes de déplacements rend compte d'inégalités de chances vis-à-vis des aménités de la ville. Une rétrospective sur l'évolution de la localisation des activités entre 1990 et 1999 met en évidence le creusement des inégalités entre les quartiers riches et les quartiers pauvres, qu'une croissance forte de l'offre en transports collectifs peine à réduire. Les inégalités de chances entre les quartiers riches et pauvres sont d'autant plus fortes, que l'accès à la voiture particulière est faible dans les quartiers pauvres</text>
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                <text>Réduire les disparités d'accès à la ville ? Une réponse concrète, mais imparfaite, par les transports collectifs</text>
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                <text>L'étude de la mobilité urbaine professionnelle est assez récente. Suivre un chauffeur-livreur au cours de sa tournée éclaire la question du lien entre espace et activité économique.</text>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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                <text>Mobilité urbaine</text>
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                <text>appropriation de la ville</text>
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                <text>Des « complexes résidentiels » sont apparus en Roumanie au cours des dernières années, depuis l'inauguration du « Village français » à Bucarest en 1994. Ils ont en commun l'importance accordée à la sécurité et au confort, ainsi qu'un prix garantissant un « entre-soi » de l'élite urbaine. Ce premier projet a eut un effet d'entraînement qui s'est accéléré à partir de 2001-2002 et qui a conduit, selon un processus d'agrégation spatiale, à la constitution de deux pôles de « résidences fermées » dans le Nord Est de la capitale. La concentration de ces nouveaux produits immobiliers s'explique par la recherche d'une maximisation des avantages accordés par leur site et situation, qui souligne le rejeu de la bipolarisation Nord Sud de la capitale dans les années 1990, notamment en terme de ségrégation résidentielle. Cette organisation conduit à interroger le choix de « l'entre-soi », le rôle de l'imitation d'une élite étrangère et la conjonction des aménités urbaines, parce qu'ils conduisent à une étrange paradoxe : loin de séparer des indésirables, les clôtures séparent du complexe mitoyen. Cependant, le développement du marché immobilier conduit à une diversification de l'offre et l'émergence d'une hiérarchie entre les « résidences fermées », qui conduit à interroger le rôle de la clôture dans la tension entre le « vivre ensemble », la recherche d'une meilleure qualité de vie et la fragmentation urbaine.</text>
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                <text>ségrégation résidentielle</text>
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                <text>fragmentation urbaine</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Les « résidences fermées » à Bucarest : de « l'entre-soi » à la fragmentation?</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Pardo, Corinne</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517078">
                <text>Fondé sur le double constat de l'abandon des activités proto-industrielles des garrigues boisées et de l'introduction, quelque quarante années plus tard, de Quercus ilex L. en milieu urbain, ce travail de recherche révèle, grâce à l'analyse des politiques de gestion du patrimoine arboré de Montpellier (France), Firenze (Italie) et Valencia (Espagne), les dynamiques territoriales impliquées par l'évolution statutaire des arbres, et du chêne vert en particulier. Les nouvelles fonctions ornementales et culturelles qui sont attribuées à cette espèce, désormais argument et instrument du développement durable, s'associent, jusqu'à parfois les masquer, aux fonctions originelles, nourricières et forestières. Si l'arbre, révélateur des mutations territoriales successives, s'impose comme l'un des marqueurs privilégiés des paysages méditerranéens, le chêne vert s'inscrit quant à lui comme un élément moteur de nouvelles territorialités de la Méditerranée nord-occidentale.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00370852</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517080">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/08/52/PDF/These_Corinne_Pardo.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517082">
                <text>Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517083">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517084">
                <text>Arbre</text>
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                <text>Chêne vert (Quercus ilex L.)</text>
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                <text>Territoires</text>
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                <text>Paysages</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517088">
                <text>Méditerranée nord-occidentale</text>
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                <text>Montpellier</text>
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                <text>Firenze</text>
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                <text>Valencia</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517092">
                <text>DU RURAL À L'URBAIN. INTÉGRATIONS, USAGES ET GESTIONS DE L'ARBRE DANS LES PAYSAGES DE LA MÉDITERRANÉE NORD-OCCIDENTALE.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517093">
                <text>PhD thesis</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>HAL</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517094">
                <text>Robert, Sandrine</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517095">
                <text>2003-11-20</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517096">
                <text>Ce travail montre l'apport de l'étude archéologique des dynamiques des réseaux de voies, d'habitat et du parcellaire pour l'aménagement du territoire. Dans la première partie, nous montrons que la recherche morphologique en architecture, géographie et archéologie a reposé sur des séparations conceptuelles entre passé/présent, local/global, forme/flux. Dans la deuxième partie, nous tentons de les dépasser par des études à la croisée de l'archéologie et de l'aménagement. En archéologie préventive, les choix techniques ont déplacé le point de vue, de l'évaluation du passé à celle d'un présent enrichi par celui-ci. En aménagement, la résilience des réseaux routiers s'appuie sur une construction spatiale intégrant des temporalités anciennes. Dans la synthèse, nous montrons que les approches traditionnelles sur le passé appauvrissent les potentiels des réseaux. L'utilisation d'un SIG apporte alors des moyens pratiques pour associer des formes aux temporalités complexes.</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517097">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00371063</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517098">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/10/63/PDF/Tome1.pdf</text>
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                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/10/63/PDF/Tome_2.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517100">
                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/10/63/ANNEX/liste.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517101">
                <text>FRE</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517102">
                <text>Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517103">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517104">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517105">
                <text>[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517106">
                <text>morphologie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517107">
                <text>archéologie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517108">
                <text>Moyen-Age</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517109">
                <text>réseaux</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517110">
                <text>parcellaire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517111">
                <text>paysage</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517112">
                <text>routes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517113">
                <text>résilience</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517114">
                <text>archéologie préventive</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517115">
                <text>urbanisme</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517116">
                <text>géographie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517117">
                <text>aménagement du territoire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517118">
                <text>SIG</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517119">
                <text>photo-interprétation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517120">
                <text>cartes anciennes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517121">
                <text>Val-d'Oise</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517122">
                <text>Cergy-Pontoise</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517123">
                <text>L'analyse morphologique entre archéologie, urbanisme et aménagement du territoire. Exemples d'études de formes urbaines et rurales dans le Val-d'Oise</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517124">
                <text>PhD thesis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>HAL</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517125">
                <text>Rufat, Samuel</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517126">
                <text>2007</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517127">
                <text>Le renforcement de la législation sur la gestion du risque, suite à la « loi Bachelot », conduit les approches par la seule exposition aux aléas à aggraver la situation des habitants. L'obligation de déplacer les équipements et les services publics hors des quartiers les plus exposés s'ajoute aux nuisances dues aux sources de danger. Une approche par la vulnérabilité pose des problèmes de définition des seuils, qui sont résolus par le recours aux analyses multivariées. A partir du cas lyonnais, l'utilisation de classifications automatiques est affinée pour obtenir une typologie de la vulnérabilité des îlots urbains. La vulnérabilité est cartographiée et superposée à une carte des aléas pour produire une carte synthétique du risque urbain. Elle permet de déplacer les préoccupations de la gestion du risque des espaces les plus exposés, survalorisés par la législation, aux espaces les plus vulnérables. The reinforcement of risk management legislation, following the “Bachelot law”, leads approaches based solely on hazard exposure to increase penalties on inhabitants. The obligation to move equipment and public services away from the most exposed neighbourhoods adds to the nuisances due to the sources of danger. An approach based upon vulnerability raises problems of definition of thresholds, which are solved through a multi-variant analysis. Based upon the case of Lyon, the use of automatic classifications is refined in order to obtain a typology of vulnerability of urban clusters. Vulnerability is mapped and superimposed to a hazard map in order to produce a synthetic map of urban risk. It allows shifting focus of the risk management from the most exposed areas, overrated by legislation, to the most vulnerable areas.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517128">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00258012</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517129">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/25/80/12/PDF/vulnerabilite_lyon_samuel_rufat3.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517130">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/25/80/12/ANNEX/Rufat_Lyon_carte1.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517131">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/25/80/12/ANNEX/Rufat_Lyon_carte2.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517132">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/25/80/12/ANNEX/Rufat_Lyon_carte3.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517133">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/25/80/12/ANNEX/Rufat_Lyon_carte4.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517134">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517135">
                <text>Géocarrefour</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517136">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517137">
                <text>risque</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517138">
                <text>vulnérabilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517139">
                <text>classification automatique</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517140">
                <text>cartographie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517141">
                <text>législation</text>
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                <text>gestion du risque</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517143">
                <text>Lyon</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517144">
                <text>L'estimation de la vulnérabilité urbaine, un outil pour la gestion du risque</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517145">
                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
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          </element>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>HAL</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Guéranger, David</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517147">
                <text>2008-09-25</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>évaluations</text>
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                <text>L'intercommunalité en questions</text>
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                <text>Les analyses de l'objet intercommunal tendent à confronter, en écho à l'opposition centrepériphérie,&lt;br /&gt;les velléités de réforme du pouvoir central et les capacités de résistance/neutralisation&lt;br /&gt;des élus locaux, concluant souvent au retrait progressif de l'un au bénéfice des autres.&lt;br /&gt;Cet article a pour objet de repenser le rôle de l'État dans le fonctionnement politique des&lt;br /&gt;institutions intercommunales. En étudiant l'agglomération chambérienne sur le temps long et&lt;br /&gt;en soulignant les effets sociopolitiques de l'institution, on montre que la structure intercommunale&lt;br /&gt;et les élus qui l'habitent sont marqués durablement par l'orientation décisive donnée&lt;br /&gt;initialement par les services déconcentrés de l'État. Dès lors, l'intercommunalité apparaît&lt;br /&gt;être une « créature de l'État » qui, même si elle échappe aux desseins de ses concepteurs,&lt;br /&gt;fonctionne comme un dispositif d'intégration politique particulièrement efficace.</text>
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                <text>intercommunalité</text>
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                <text>Chambéry</text>
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                <text>L'intercommunalité, créature de l'Etat</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517174">
                <text>Guéranger, David</text>
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                <text>L'article examine le long processus de production de la loi ATR de 1992 depuis les travaux préparatoires de l'administration jusqu'aux débats parlementaires. Ceci lui permet de mettre à jour le rôle des associations d'élus locaux, en particulier des élites urbaines.</text>
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                <text>Politiques et Management public</text>
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                <text>réforme de l'intercommunalité</text>
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                <text>Structuration des pouvoirs locaux et réforme de l'intercommunalité</text>
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                <text>Guéranger, David</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517190">
                <text>2004</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>L'histoire des réformes de l'intercommunalité recèle (au moins) un impensé : celui de sa traduction organisationnelle et administrative. L'auteur entend ici mettre à jour ce point obscur et ses conséquences lors de la mise en oeuvre de la loi Chevènement.</text>
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                <text>Revue Française d'Administration Publique</text>
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                <text>réforme intercommunale</text>
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                <text>L'impensé de la réforme intercommunale</text>
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                <text>La thèse repose sur l'étude socio-historique des pratiques de coopération entre communes dans le bassin chambérien, depuis la création du premier syndicat en 1957 jusqu'aux élections municipales de 2001. Elle met à jour les processus d'auto-renforcement qui, sur le temps long, confèrent à l'institution une autonomie vis-à-vis des communes qui la composent.</text>
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                <text>La coopération entre communes dans le bassin chambérien (1957-2001). Eléments pour une analyse néo-institutionnaliste des dynamiques intercommunales</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517218">
                <text>Madrid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517219">
                <text>Spain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="517220">
                <text>Melguizo, Salvador</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517221">
                <text>Moret, Pierre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517222">
                <text>2007</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517223">
                <text>On étudie dans cette communication les fortifications de la fin de l'époque ibérique dans deux secteurs du Bas Aragon: l'embouchure du Regallo, à Caspe (sites de La Tallada et de Palermo I), et la moyenne vallée du Matarraña, entre Calaceite et Valdeltormo (sites de San Antonio, Els Castellans et Torre Cremada). On observe dans cette région un schéma récurrent, caractérisé par la présence de trois éléments qui se concentrent dans la zone d'accès la plus vulnérable: tour ronde ou tronçon de muraille incurvé, fossé et avant-murs.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517224">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00361154</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517225">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/36/11/54/PDF/MelguizoMoret2007.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517226">
                <text>SPA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517227">
                <text>Paisajes fortificados de la Edad del Hierro. Las fortificaciones protohistóricas de la Meseta y la vertiente atlántica en su contexto europeo</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517228">
                <text>Paisajes fortificados de la Edad del Hierro. Las fortificaciones protohistóricas de la Meseta y la vertiente atlántica en su contexto europeo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517229">
                <text>[SHS:ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517230">
                <text>Archéologie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517231">
                <text>architecture</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517232">
                <text>fortification</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517233">
                <text>âge du Fer</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517234">
                <text>Ibères</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517235">
                <text>Espagne</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517236">
                <text>Aragon</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517237">
                <text>Fortificaciones de la II Edad del Hierro en el Bajo Aragón : un estilo regional</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517238">
                <text>conference proceeding</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517239">
                <text>Moret, Pierre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517240">
                <text>2008-04</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517241">
                <text>L'examen des données archéologiques et la relecture des sources littéraires antiques permettent de proposer un schéma d'évolution de l'organisation politique et territoriale des Tolosates aux IIe et Ier siècles av. J.-C. Jusqu'en 106, la capitale des Tectosages, située dans le quartier Saint-Roch au sud de Toulouse, est à la fois un centre politico-religieux, un port fluvial et une agglomération marchande. Vieille-Toulouse appartient alors à un réseau de bourgades dépendant de ce centre. La répression de la révolte de 108-106 entraîne le démantèlement de l'organisation fédérale des Tectosages et par conséquent le déclin du site de Saint-Roch, qui sera abandonné vers 70. Vieille-Toulouse prend alors la relève. La fidélité de Tolosa pendant la guerre des Gaules lui vaut l'octroi du droit latin, qui s'accompagne de profondes transformations de l'urbanisme de Vieille-Toulouse à partir du milieu du siècle.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517242">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00365264</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517243">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/36/52/64/PDF/Tolosa2008.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517244">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517245">
                <text>[SHS:ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517246">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517247">
                <text>Tectosages</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517248">
                <text>Tolosa</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517249">
                <text>Toulouse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517250">
                <text>Vieille-Toulouse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517251">
                <text>archéologie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517252">
                <text>urbanisme</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517253">
                <text>sanctuaire</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517254">
                <text>Tolosa, 106-47 av. J.-C.: topographie et histoire</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517255">
                <text>preprint</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517256">
                <text>Madrid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517257">
                <text>Spain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517258">
                <text>Moret, Pierre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517259">
                <text>2004</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517260">
                <text>Examen des textes anciens concernant les tours isolées de l'Hispanie romaine (Tite-Live XXII, 19, Tite-Live XXV, 36 et Pline l'Ancien III, 9). Ces sources ont été souvent utilisées à mauvais escient pour justifier l'existence de réseaux de tours de guet, puniques ou romains. Elles sont en fait très ambiguës et peuvent rarement être mises en rapport avec les constructions connues par l'archéologie. Ces dernières doivent plutôt être rapportées au type de la maison forte rurale.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517261">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00365283</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517262">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/36/52/83/PDF/Turres2004.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517263">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517264">
                <text>Torres, atalayas y casas fortificadas. Explotación y control del territorio en Hispania (s. III a. de C. - s. I d. de C.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517265">
                <text>Torres, atalayas y casas fortificadas. Explotación y control del territorio en Hispania (s. III a. de C. - s. I d. de C.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517266">
                <text>[SHS:ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517267">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517268">
                <text>Architecture rurale</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517269">
                <text>fortification</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517270">
                <text>maison forte</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517271">
                <text>tour de guet</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517272">
                <text>Hispanie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517273">
                <text>Tours de guet, maisons à tour et petits établissements fortifiés de l'Hispanie républicaine : l'apport des sources littéraires</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517274">
                <text>conference proceeding</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="32414" public="1" featured="0">
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517275">
                <text>Alleaume, Ghislaine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517276">
                <text>Denis, Eric</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517277">
                <text>1998</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517278">
                <text>Dans les travaux sur l'histoire récente des villes d'Égypte, l'attention semble se focaliser sur deux phénomènes distincts : l'hypertrophie des capitales (Le Caire et Alexandrie) d'une part, l'accélération générale de l'urbanisation, d'autre part. Pourtant, une analyse de la distribution de l'activité dans les provinces et de la polarisation urbaine à l'échelle de la mosaïque des pays qui jalonnent le territoire utile de l'Egypte montre qu'il existait encore dans les années vingt des configurations régionales actives et très contrastées. Des spécialisations locales héritées, parfois réduites à l'état de simples traces, jouaient encore un rôle majeur dans l'articulation entre la ville et la campagne. La rencontre de cette géographie de traces et de l'effet, malgré tout réel, des politiques publiques sur la standardisation des formes urbaines a produit, au cours du siècle, un paysage de plus en plus complexe.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517279">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00369894</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517280">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/36/98/94/PDF/hommage_Lepetit_1998.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517281">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517282">
                <text>Urbanités arabes. Hommage à Bernard Lepetit</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517283">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517284">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517285">
                <text>histoire urbaine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517286">
                <text>géographie historique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="517287">
                <text>Égypte</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517288">
                <text>L'Égypte à l'aube du XXe siècle :&lt;br /&gt;Pays, bourgs, cités en des temporalités divergentes</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="517289">
                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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