<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<itemContainer xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://crevilles.org/items?output=omeka-xml&amp;page=473&amp;sort_field=Dublin+Core%2CCreator" accessDate="2026-04-08T20:02:28+02:00">
  <miscellaneousContainer>
    <pagination>
      <pageNumber>473</pageNumber>
      <perPage>20</perPage>
      <totalResults>11648</totalResults>
    </pagination>
  </miscellaneousContainer>
  <item itemId="35892" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644298">
                  <text>Espace populations sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644299">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644300">
                  <text>Revues.org</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567183">
                <text>Pochet, Pascal</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567184">
                <text>Corget, Remi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567185">
                <text>2010-04-01</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567186">
                <text>Comment les personnes âgées se déplacent-elles au quotidien dans les espaces périurbains fortement dépendants de l’automobile ? Dans un contexte où le vieillissement des zones périurbaines a commencé et où le renouvellement des générations renforce le rapport des populations âgées à l’automobile, ces questions demeurent pourtant assez peu traitées sur une base quantitative. A partir de résultats issus de l’enquête ménages déplacements grenobloise de 2002 (qui englobe un vaste territoire extra-urbain, aux caractéristiques variées), nous proposons de faire un point sur les déplacements quotidiens des personnes âgées, en présentant différents facteurs de différenciation, comme les caractéristiques de la zone de résidence, le sexe, l’âge, l’accès à la voiture ou encore le mode de cohabitation (vie seule / en couple). Ces éléments de connaissance quantitatifs laissent entrevoir des pratiques d’activités et des modes de vie très divers selon les groupes de personnes âgées. Ils montrent également les risques de « désadaptation » rencontrés par les retraités du périurbain lorsque l’accès à la voiture se complique du fait de l’âge, du handicap ou du décès du conjoint. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567187">
                <text>How do the elderly move in suburban, strongly car dependent areas? In light with the demographic ageing of the outskirts of cities and the generation based diffusion of cars, these questions remain however little studied on a statistical basis. With the household travel survey of ‘Grenoble 2002’ (which includes a vast extra-urban territory, with various characteristics), we present some elements of understanding of the daily mobility of the elderly in low density areas. Various features, i.e. gender and age, matrimonial status (life alone / married), or characteristics of the place of residence, impact travel patterns. Daily activities and mobility appear to be very different among the groups of old persons. They also show the risks of "misadaptation" met by the elderly of the outskirts, when the access to the car becomes more complicated due to age, to disability or to the decease of the spouse. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567188">
                <text>http://eps.revues.org/index4604.html</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567189">
                <text>fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567190">
                <text>access to activities</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567191">
                <text>car</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567192">
                <text>daily mobility</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567193">
                <text>elderly</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567194">
                <text>Grenoble</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567195">
                <text>Rhône-Alpes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567196">
                <text>rural areas</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567197">
                <text>suburban areas</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567198">
                <text>urban areas</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567199">
                <text>walk</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567200">
                <text>acèes aux activités</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567201">
                <text>automobile</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567202">
                <text>espaces périurbains</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567203">
                <text>Grenoble</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567204">
                <text>marche à pied</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567205">
                <text>mobilité quotidienne</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567206">
                <text>personne âgee</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567207">
                <text>Rhône-Alpes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567208">
                <text>zone urbaine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="567209">
                <text>zones rurales</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567210">
                <text>Entre “automobilité”, proximité et sédentarité, quels modèles de mobilité quotidienne pour les résidents âgés des espaces périurbains ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="567211">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="36133" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="53">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644298">
                  <text>Espace populations sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644299">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644300">
                  <text>Revues.org</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570614">
                <text>Pochet, Pascal</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570615">
                <text>Plat, Didier</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570616">
                <text>Olvera, Lourdes Diaz</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570617">
                <text>Sahabana, Maïdadi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570618">
                <text>2010-12-31</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570619">
                <text>Comment se déplace-t-on au quotidien dans les villes africaines, dans un contexte de pauvreté très prégnant et quelles stratégies d’adaptation est-on amené à développer ? Loin d’une mobilité uniformément faible, des enquêtes auprès des ménages mettent en évidence des mobilités, certes contraintes et parfois contrariées, mais également très diverses selon les villes et les individus. Des usages des modes originaux se développent, objets d’adaptations et d’innovations permanentes du côté de l’offre comme de la demande de déplacements. La grande plasticité de l’offre de transport artisanale et en particulier l’essor des motos-taxis dans plusieurs villes comme le partage relatif de l’usage d’un bien rare, la voiture particulière, qui permet d’élargir le cercle de ses bénéficiaires occasionnels bien au-delà de son détenteur, témoignent du double mouvement de mise en commun des véhicules individuels et d’individualisation des modes collectifs. En conclusion, les apports mais aussi les limites, notamment environnementales, de ces évolutions, amènent à questionner les politiques urbaines nécessaires pour réguler et organiser les mobilités quotidiennes. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570620">
                <text>Within a context of deep poverty, how does one accomplish daily travel in Sub-Saharan African cities and which strategies for adaptation one is brought to develop? Far from a low uniform mobility level, household travel surveys show evidence of a diversity of mobilities, which are constrained, sometimes even hindered, and present different characteristics according to cities and individuals. Modes of transport are used in original ways and continuous adaptations and innovations are undertaken in the fields of both the supply of transport and the demand for transport. Two examples of this process are discussed in this paper. The first one deals with the great plasticity of transport services supplied by informal operators, as in the case of the motorbike-taxi in several cities. The second example concerns the relative sharing in the use of a rare asset, the personal car, which allows to extend the number of regular users towards a circle of occasional users. Both examples contribute to a two-fold movement, on the one hand the pooling of personal vehicles and in the other hand the individualisation of public transport. In conclusion, the benefits and the limits, in particular environmental limits, of these evolutions, lead to questioning the urban policies necessary for the regulation and organisation of daily mobilities. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570621">
                <text>http://eps.revues.org/index4206.html</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570622">
                <text>fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570623">
                <text>adaptation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570624">
                <text>african city</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570625">
                <text>car</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570626">
                <text>daily mobility</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570627">
                <text>lifestyle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570628">
                <text>motorbike-taxi</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570629">
                <text>poverty</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570630">
                <text>social use</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570631">
                <text>adaptation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570632">
                <text>automobile</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570633">
                <text>mobilité quotidienne</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570634">
                <text>mode de vie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570635">
                <text>moto taxi</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570636">
                <text>pauvreté</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570637">
                <text>usages sociaux</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="570638">
                <text>ville africaine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570639">
                <text>Entre contraintes et innovation : évolutions de la mobilité quotidienne dans les villes d’Afrique subsaharienne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="570640">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="34878" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="45">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644250">
                  <text>Articulo - Journal of Urban Research</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644251">
                  <text>Articulo – Journal of Urban Research est une publication en ligne à comité de lecture qui se consacre aux questions urbaines. Multidisciplinaire, la revue publie des contributions théoriques et empiriques portant sur les transformations sociales, environnementales et économiques des villes et des régions urbaines. Elle sert de forum international aux scientifiques et praticiens travaillant sur les problématiques urbaines dans le monde.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644252">
                  <text>Revues.org</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552836">
                <text>Pocry, Héloïse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552837">
                <text>2009-10-24</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552838">
                <text>La surimpression photographique, simple accident technique consistant à impressionner plusieurs fois une même surface sensible, fut mise à profit par les avant-gardes photographiques des années 1920 et 1930 pour révéler les aspects insolites ou poétiques du paysage urbain et traduire les sensations démultipliées dans cet environnement. Les reflets dans les vitrines sont également pourvoyeurs de superpositions visuelles dans la ville. Les avant-gardes vont s’intéresser à ce phénomène comme une surimpression à l’état naturel, en particulier les surréalistes, portés par leur goût du hasard et de la déambulation urbaine. Surimpressions volontaires et naturelles sont deux procédés permettant de rendre compte de l’expérience multiple du passant dans le paysage urbain. La surimpression est-elle la transposition photographique de l’expérience des reflets de vitrine ? Dans quelle mesure ces deux procédés réussissent-ils à reproduire efficacement les perturbations sensitives qui peuvent assaillir le passant dans le paysage urbain ? Nous mettrons en évidence à travers un corpus de textes et de photographies principalement issu du surréalisme des années 1920 et 1930 les enjeux des surimpressions naturelles et volontaires. Nous étudierons comment elles ont été utilisées par les surréalistes parisiens pour conduire le spectateur vers une perception et une compréhension nouvelles du paysage urbain de la capitale française. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552839">
                <text>Photographic multiple exposure, a simple technical accident consisting in exposing several times the same sensitized material, was capitalized on by the photographic avant-garde in the 1920s and 1930s. Their aim was to reveal unusual or poetic aspects within urban landscape and convey its multiple sensations. Reflections on windows also provide visual urban superpositions. Avant-gardists conceived of this phenomenon as a natural multiple exposure. Surrealists were particularly fond of this interpretation, driven by their taste for chance and urban wandering. Voluntary and natural multiple exposures account for passersby’s multiple experiences within urban landscape. Is multiple exposure the photographic transposition of the experience of window reflections? This contribution highlights the stakes of voluntary and natural multiple exposures through a collection of texts and photographs mainly drawn from the Surrealism of the 1920s and 1930s and studies how those multiple exposures were exploited by Parisian Surrealists to lead spectators towards a new perception and understanding of the French capital’s urban landscape. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552840">
                <text>http://articulo.revues.org/1162</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552841">
                <text>doi:10.4000/articulo.1162</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552842">
                <text>fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552843">
                <text>multiple exposure</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552844">
                <text>Paris</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552845">
                <text>photograph</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552846">
                <text>reflection</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552847">
                <text>Surrealism</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552848">
                <text>window</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552849">
                <text>Paris</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552850">
                <text>photographie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552851">
                <text>reflet</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552852">
                <text>surimpression</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552853">
                <text>surréalisme</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="552854">
                <text>vitrine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552855">
                <text>Surimpressions naturelles et volontaires chez les surréalistes. Un regard multiple sur Paris</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="552856">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="11782" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="29">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644238">
                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644239">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644240">
                  <text>Crévilles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192937">
                <text>Ray, Brian K. Advisor</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192938">
                <text>Podmore, Julie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192939">
                <text>1999</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192940">
                <text>At the end of the nineteenth century, St. Lawrence Boulevard, popularly known as 'the Main', attained mythical status in Montreal. Due to its particular location in the social and cultural geography of Montreal, the Main, which symbolically divides the working-class Francophone east and the Anglophone bourgeois west, has developed as a mixed-use commercial artery, an eclectic border zone of a bilingual, multi-ethnic city. The heterogeneous character of the Main is reflected in its material landscape---with its old and now largely re-used garment sweat-shops and labour halls, theatres of the red-light district, cafes, and the shops and restaurants of the mid-twentieth century immigrant shopping corridor. Shaped by the diversity of the populations that came to live, work, protest, shop or be entertained in these sites, it is an example of the social and cultural diversity of the metropolis. Such heterogeneous sites have often been interpreted as liminal spaces, but this research demonstrates that the construction and experience of the Main as a border zone have rarely been gender neutral. While physical, social and cultural heterogeneity are components of this landscape, these sites also attest to the importance of gender relations in the experience of the Main as a place of work and social life and, ultimately, as a space of representation. Its border status has often been represented through discourses and images of 'marginal' womanhood, articulated in terms of social, occupational, political, sexual and/or ethnic identity. Many of its locales, moreover, have been sites where women entered urban public life in contentious and distinctive ways.

As a place that highlights the social and cultural heterogeneity of a supposedly 'divided' city, the Main is an ideal site from which to explore how ethnicity, language, class, occupation and sexual identity intersect with gender in the experience and representation of urban life. This thesis examines how a multiplicity of female gender identities have been defined and contested along the Main over the past century. It contributes to a broad literature on geographies of gender, difference and urban public cultures through an analysis of the relationships between feminist spatial metaphors and the material production of urban space. Through a series of events that move through time and sections of St. Lawrence, I examine how portions of the landscape of this boulevard have been marked by the enactment of specific sets of gender relations and forms of representation that became central to civic debates regarding gender. I argue that the construction and experience of the Main as a border zone has involved the production of specific relations of gender, alterity and space.

A variety of qualitative methods and archival sources are used to illustrate the importance of representations of gender to the production of this place and to illustrate how women have experienced and made use of material sites to express their specific occupational, cultural, religious, social or sexual identities. This thesis demonstrates the crucial role played by the border zones of urban public cultures in the construction of female identities that depart from dominant gender norms in the expression of social, cultural and sexual differences.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192941">
                <text>http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/-?func=dbin-jump-full&amp;object_id=36682&amp;silo_library=GEN01</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="192942">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/974</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="192943">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/b3482ad0c359d81c5e06613301007f0e.jpg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192944">
                <text>en</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192945">
                <text>McGill University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192946">
                <text>women, gender, urban segregation, diversity, urban culture, urban space, urban geography, street</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192947">
                <text>St. Lawrence Blvd. as third city : Place, gender and difference along Montréal's 'Main'</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="192948">
                <text>Thesis</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="31177" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495057">
                <text>Poirrier, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495058">
                <text>2009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495059">
                <text>La politique culturelle française reste le plus souvent perçue comme une politique caractérisée par une forte présence de l'Etat. L'existence et les origines monarchiques d'un ministère de la Culture, le poids des grands travaux présidentiels, la diffusion d'une " culture nationale " et l'hégémonie parisienne dans la vie et l'économie culturelle nationales confortent cette lecture dominante même si les observateurs signalent l'émergence -- jugée récente -- des collectivités locales. Les travaux les plus récents permettent d'infléchir quelque peu l'interprétation générale. Les monographies historiennes signalent l'intervention ancienne des villes et la modicité pratique durable de l'Etat culturel. Examiner la genèse du partenariat entre l'Etat et les villes revient à reprendre, dans une perspective diachronique, l'histoire croisée de l'affirmation de l'Etat culturel et de la formalisation des politiques culturelles municipales.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495060">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00629601</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="495061">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/62/96/01/PDF/Poirrier_partenariat_2009.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495062">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495063">
                <text>Une ambition partagée ? La coopération entre le ministère de la Culture et les collectivités territoriales (1959-2009)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495064">
                <text>[SHS:DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="495065">
                <text>Histoire culturelle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="495066">
                <text>politique culturelle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="495067">
                <text>ministère de la culture</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495068">
                <text>De l'Etat tutélaire à l'Etat partenaire. La coopération entre l'Etat et les villes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495069">
                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="31281" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496791">
                <text>Poirrier, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496792">
                <text>1993</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496793">
                <text>Le Bicentenaire dans l'agglomération dijonnaise : le questionnement porte sur le rôle de quelques municipalités (Dijon, Chenôve et Quétigny) de l'agglomération, des autres collectivités territoriales (Conseil général de la Côte d'Or, Conseil régional de Bourgogne) et du réseau associatif dans l'organisation, en 1989,</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496794">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00602850</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496795">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/60/28/50/PDF/1989.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496796">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496797">
                <text>La France des années 80 au miroir du Bicentenaire de la Révolution française</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496798">
                <text>[SHS:DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496799">
                <text>Histoire culturelle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496800">
                <text>commémoration</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496801">
                <text>bicentenaire de la Révolution française</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496802">
                <text>Le Bicentenaire dans l'agglomération dijonnaise</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496803">
                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="31284" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496839">
                <text>Poirrier, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496840">
                <text>1994</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496841">
                <text>Ces fêtes à dominante carnavalesque vont perdurer pendant cinq années sous des noms et modalités diverses. Mais sous cette coloration commune, la chronologie festive traverse la césure majeure de la vie politique dijonnaise de l'entre‑deux‑guerres : la victoire électorale des socialistes aux élections municipales de mai 1935. Par l'étude de la mise en oeuvre et de la mise en scène de cette réappropriation de fêtes traditionnelles, il s'agit ici d'appréhender les usages politiques - explicites ou non - de la fête. Comment et pourquoi les forces politiques de la cité s'inscrivent‑elles dans le rituel festif ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496842">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00602375</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496843">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/60/23/75/PDF/MA_re_folle.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496844">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496845">
                <text>Les usages politiques des fêtes aux XIXe-XXe siècles</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496846">
                <text>[SHS:DROIT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Law</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496847">
                <text>Politique culturelle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496848">
                <text>fêtes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496849">
                <text>carnaval</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="496850">
                <text>Front populaire</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496851">
                <text>Le retour de la "Mère folle" et des fêtes carnavalesques à Dijon (1935 1939). Politique culturelle, sociale ou économique ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496852">
                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="21614" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="32">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365630">
                <text>AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365631">
                <text>Poitou, Danièle</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365632">
                <text>1985</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365633">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365634">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:23626</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365635">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:23626</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365636">
                <text>Poitou Danièle. Réseau "marginalité juvénile dans la ville africaine" : pour une étude scientifique de la marginalité infantile et juvénile dans la ville africaine. Cahiers ORSTOM.Série Sciences Humaines, 1985, 21 (4), p. 497-499. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365637">
                <text>FR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365638">
                <text>MARGINALITE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365639">
                <text>MILIEU URBAIN</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365640">
                <text>ENFANT</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365641">
                <text>JEUNESSE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365642">
                <text>RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365643">
                <text>Réseau "marginalité juvénile dans la ville africaine" : pour une étude scientifique de la marginalité infantile et juvénile dans la ville africaine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365644">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="21625" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="32">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365842">
                <text>AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365843">
                <text>Poitou, Danièle</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365844">
                <text>1985</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365845">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365846">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:25748</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365847">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:25748</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365848">
                <text>Poitou Danièle. La rue "squattée" : un mode aléatoire d'intégration de la jeunesse urbaine africaine. In :   Problèmes de jeunesses et régulations sociales. Vaucresson : Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire ; CNRS.Unité Associée 412, 1985, p. 115-131. Problèmes de la Jeunesse, Marginalité et Délinquance Juvéniles, Interventions sociales au milieu des années 1980. Journées internationales, 5.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365849">
                <text>FR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365850">
                <text>Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365851">
                <text>CNRS.Unité Associée 412</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365852">
                <text>MARGINALITE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365853">
                <text>JEUNESSE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365854">
                <text>URBANISATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365855">
                <text>CONDITIONS DE VIE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365856">
                <text>PETIT METIER</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365857">
                <text>SURVIE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365858">
                <text>ONG</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365859">
                <text>POLITIQUE SOCIALE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365860">
                <text>MILIEU URBAIN</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365861">
                <text>MILIEU DEFAVORISE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365862">
                <text>ENFANT DE LA RUE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365863">
                <text>La rue "squattée" : un mode aléatoire d'intégration de la jeunesse urbaine africaine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="365864">
                <text>Problèmes de jeunesses et régulations sociales</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="365865">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="32397" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516977">
                <text>Poitou, Jacques</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516978">
                <text>2007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516979">
                <text>Cet article examine les différents types de composés traditionnellement appelés "copulatifs" en allemand et en propose une catégorisation basée à la fois sur la valeur référentielle des composants et du composés et le rapport sémantique entre eux. On distingue notamment des composés copulatifs les composés additifs (blauwerot) et les composés relationnels (deutsch-französisch). On parvient à la conclusion que la dominance des composés déterminatifs en allemand est telle que nombre de composés dits copulatifs peuvent être également interprétés comme déterminatifs.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516980">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00371600</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="516981">
                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/37/16/00/PDF/Poitou-2007b.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516982">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516983">
                <text>Nouveaux Cahiers d'Allemand</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516984">
                <text>[SHS:LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="516985">
                <text>allemand</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="516986">
                <text>composition</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="516987">
                <text>composés déterminatifs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="516988">
                <text>composés copulatifs</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="516989">
                <text>formation des mots</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516990">
                <text>Les composés dits copulatifs</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="516991">
                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="11582" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="29">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644238">
                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644239">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644240">
                  <text>Crévilles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190320">
                <text>Bisson, Pierre-Richard. Directeur de thèse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190321">
                <text>Poitras, Claire</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190322">
                <text>1996</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190323">
                <text>Cette thèse est consacrée à une dimension peu connue du développement urbain : les modalités d'interaction et d'adaptation entre un territoire et les infrastructures du réseau téléphonique. Prenant appui sur le cas montréalais, nous mettons en lumière les processus de fabrication des images de la ville de même que du réseau téléphonique.     L'intention initiale était d'éclairer les conduites et les modes de vie relatifs à la ville équipée du réseau téléphonique à partir des représentations de ses promoteurs et de ses principaux utilisateurs. De quelle manière l'établissement du réseau téléphonique montréalais a-t-il contribué à changer les représentations de la ville et les principes de son aménagement ? Comment les opérateurs privés du réseau ont-ils tenu compte, dans leur projet d'équipement, des particularités du territoire sur lequel ils sont intervenus ?     En faisant appel à la sociologie de la technologie et à l'analyse des représentations socioculturelles, nous proposons une interprétation des rapports qui se tissent entre un réseau technique urbain et le contexte dans lequel il s'insère. En intégrant à notre étude, d'une part, les stratégies planificatrices et promotionnelles des opérateurs privés du réseau téléphonique ainsi que leurs conceptions urbanistiques et, d'autre part, les stratégies des acteurs publics responsables de l'aménagement urbain, nous analysons les liens qui prévalent entre la sphère technique et la sphère socioculturelle.    C'est que,face l'é1aboration d'un réseau idéal alimenté par des visions progressistes propres aux planificateurs privés, le développement réel du réseau  téléphonique de m h e que sa matérialité soulèvent des enjeux sociaux et des enjeux institutionnels qui concernent au premier chef les gestionnaires  publics de l'espace urbain.    Plus spécifiquement, notre recherche démontre que la téléphonie n'a pas eu d'impact direct et immédiat sur l'organisation urbaine. En revanche, à moyen terme, les valeurs socioculturelles dont elle a favorisé la promotion ont contribué à déterminer la nature et la portée des changements technologiques. Ainsi, la téléphonie a renforcé des thèmes modernes relatifs aux innovations technologiques dans le domaine des télécommunications (la sûreté, l'instantanéité, le contrôle, la commodité.     Qui plus est, la reconnaissance de ces attributs conformes à la ville organisée à partir des réseaux - la vile réticulée - va dans le sens de notre hypothèse générale,à savoir :l'essor de la téléphonie urbaine est le résultat d'une construction sociale dont témoigne la part d'utopie exprimée par les représentations de la ville et de la téléphonie qui ont été constituées, au cours de la période allant de 1879 1930.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190324">
                <text>http://amicus.collectionscanada.ca/s4-bin/Main/ItemDisplay?l=1&amp;l_ef_l=-1&amp;id=735171.1179870&amp;v=0&amp;lvl=1&amp;coll=19&amp;rt=1&amp;itm=18222057&amp;rsn=S_WWWpdaKhDWte&amp;all=1&amp;dt=NM+|poitras|&amp;spi=-&amp;rp=1&amp;vo=1</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190325">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/81</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190326">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/afe3fe300aea690891f5858ba385d0a9.jpg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190327">
                <text>Fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190328">
                <text>Université de Montréal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190329">
                <text>représentations, planification urbaine, Montréal, mobilisation collective, réseau technique urbain, téléphonie, mode de vie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190330">
                <text>Aménagement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190331">
                <text>La construction des réseaux dans la ville : l'exemple de la téléphonie à Montréal, de 1879 à 1930</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190332">
                <text>Thèse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="25641" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="34">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644256">
                  <text>Revue d’Économie Régionale &amp; Urbaine</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644257">
                  <text>revue publiée par Armand Colin</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644258">
                  <text>CAIRN</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419005">
                <text>8</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419006">
                <text>POLÈSE, Mario </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="419007">
                <text> Shearmur, Richard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419008">
                <text>2007</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419009">
                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RERU_074_0677</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419010">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419011">
                <text>Cairn</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419012">
                <text>Revue d'Économie Régionale &amp; Urbaine, , 4, 2007-11-01, pp.677-706</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419013">
                <text>économie régionale</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="419014">
                <text> localisation industrielle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="419015">
                <text> Canada</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="419016">
                <text>regional economic activity</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="419017">
                <text> location</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="419018">
                <text> Canada</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="419019">
                <text>La stabilité des modèles de localisation industrielle .</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="35660" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644295">
                  <text>Confins</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644296">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644297">
                  <text>Revues.org</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563536">
                <text>Polidoro, Maurício</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563537">
                <text>Lollo, José Augusto de</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563538">
                <text>Neto, Osvaldo Coelho Pereira</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563539">
                <text>2011-07-04</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563540">
                <text>L'étalement urbain, les instruments de planification et de gestion urbaine comme le zonage et le zonage de l’expansion urbaine semblent mener les villes vers un futur incertain et chaotique. Les périmètres d’urbanisation des municipalités sont de plus en plus utilisés en faveur des agents producteurs d’un espace urbain inéquitable, accentuant le processus de ségrégation socio-spatiale, le maintien de terrains vacants et la spéculation foncière. Conséquemment, les réseaux d’infrastructure, composantes urbaines essentielles qui constituent une des plus importantes sources de dépenses publiques, s’avèrent de plus en plus étendues et obsolètes dans un contexte d’occupation désordonnée du sol. Face à ces constats, la présente étude propose d’analyser le phénomène d’étalement urbain de la ville de Londrina à l’aide des géotechnologies et d’identifier les impacts actuels et futurs de la forme d’occupation qu’elle privilégie pour la commune dans sa globalité. À cet effet, des cartes thématiques ont été réalisées à partir de sources multiples et une revue de littérature a permis d’identifier la municipalité de Londrina comme possédant de nombreuses caractéristiques du phénomène d’étalement urbain, entraînant plusieurs conséquences en termes d’organisation territoriale et de distribution équitable des services essentiels à la population.  </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563541">
                <text>The urban sprawl, the instruments of urban planning and management such as zoning and urban expansion drive the city towards a chaotic and uncertain future. The urban zoning has been increasingly used in favor of agents promiting an unequal urban space and a clear process of socio-spatial segregation, the formation of vacant land and property speculation. In consequence of this process, the infrastructures, a major component of urban development and the more costly to the Government, are increasingly scattered and obsolete due to the unplanned occupation of the soil of the city. This paper proposes therefore to examine the phenomenon of sprawling in the city of Londrina through geoprocessing and identify the impacts cused by the form of occupation that the city, which may affect the future of the city in its entirety. For this purpose, thematic maps were made from multiple sources and a review of the existing literature has identified that the city of Londrina has extensive features of sprawling phenomenon, with strong implications for land use and spatial distribution of essential services to the population. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563542">
                <text>A urbanização dispersa, os instrumentos de planejamento e gestão urbanos como o zoneamento e as zonas de expansão urbana têm se mostrado cada vez mais coerentes ao direcionar as cidades para um futuro incerto e caótico. Os perímetros urbanos dos municípios têm sido utilizados cada vez mais em favor dos agentes reprodutores do espaço urbano desigual acirrando o processo de segregação sócio-espacial, a formação de vazios urbanos e a especulação imobiliária. Inerente a esse processo, a infraestrutura, um dos componentes mais importantes da terra urbana e que mais custam para o Poder Público, ficam cada vez mais dispersos e obsoletos no meio de uma ocupação desordenada do solo da cidade. A partir disso, este trabalho propõe analisar o fenômeno do sprawling urbano na cidade de Londrina através das geotecnologias e identificar quais os impactos que a forma de ocupação que a cidade tem se guiado podem provocar no cenário atual e futuro do município na sua totalidade. Para tanto, foram confeccionados mapas temáticos de múltiplas fontes e através da bibliografia pesquisada identificou-se que o município de Londrina possui intensas características do fenômeno sprawling trazendo conseqüências para o ordenamento territorial e a distribuição espacial igualitária dos serviços essenciais a população. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563543">
                <text>http://confins.revues.org/7205</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563544">
                <text>doi:10.4000/confins.7205</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563545">
                <text>fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563546">
                <text>Urbanization; Geotechnologies; Urban Planning; Wastelands.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563547">
                <text>Londrina</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563548">
                <text>PR</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563549">
                <text>Urbanisation; Géo-technologies</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563550">
                <text>Urbanisme</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563551">
                <text>Vides urbains</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563552">
                <text>Urbanização; Geotecnologias; Planejamento Urbano; Vazios Urbanos.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563553">
                <text>Sprawl urbano em Londrina e os desafios para o planejamento urbano</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563554">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="35663" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="52">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644295">
                  <text>Confins</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644296">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644297">
                  <text>Revues.org</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563580">
                <text>Polidoro, Maurício</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563581">
                <text>Neto Fernandes Barros, Omar</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563582">
                <text>2012-03-19</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563583">
                <text>Cette étude vise à intégrer l’utilisation de certains indices de développement socio-économique (indice de développement humain, indice développement municipal FIRJAN, indice de carences en matière de logement, produit intérieur brut (PIB), PIB par habitant, indice d’exclusion sociale) dans l’évaluation et la définition d’une région métropolitaine. Avec l’utilisation de techniques de cartographie thématique et par l’interprétation géographique des cartes ainsi produites, il devient possible de critiquer la configuration actuelle de la région métropolitaine de Londrina et de suggérer des critères plus objectifs pour la définir. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563584">
                <text>This study aims to make use of some socio-economic indices (Human Development Index, FIRJAN Municipal Development, Housing Need Index, Gross Domestic Product, GDP per capita, Social Exclusion Index) in the evaluation and definition of a metropolitan area. With the use of techniques for thematic mapping and geographical interpretation it was possible to criticize the actual configuration proposed for the metropolitan area of Londrina and suggest more objective criteria for defining it. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563585">
                <text>O presente estudo tem por objetivo utilizar-se de alguns índices de caráter sócio-econômicos (Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal, Índice FIRJAN de Desenvolvimento Municipal, Índice de Carência Habitacional, Produto Interno Bruto, PIB per capita, Índice de Exclusão Social) na avaliação e definição de uma Região Metropolitana. Com a utilização de técnicas de cartografia temática e as interpretações geográficas inerentes à mesma foi possível criticar a configuração real proposta para a Região Metropolitana de Londrina e sugerir critérios mais objetivos para a definição da mesma. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563586">
                <text>http://confins.revues.org/7394</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563587">
                <text>doi:10.4000/confins.7394</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563588">
                <text>pt</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563589">
                <text>Londrina</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563590">
                <text>Metropolitan Region</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563591">
                <text>synthetic indexes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563592">
                <text>Londrina</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563593">
                <text>indices synthétiques</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563594">
                <text>Londrina</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563595">
                <text>Région Metropolitaine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563596">
                <text>índices Sintéticos</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563597">
                <text>Londrina</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="563598">
                <text>Região Metropolitana</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563599">
                <text>Utilização de índices na definição da região metropolitana de Londrina</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="563600">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="31072" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493085">
                <text>Pollak, Catherine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="493086">
                <text>Gazier, Bernard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493087">
                <text>2009-09</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493088">
                <text>Le développement des données longitudinales a rendu possible depuis une trentaine d'années dans les pays industrialisés l'apparition d'un large éventail de recherches centrées sur la dynamique des phénomènes de pauvreté et d'exclusion sociale. Ces études de la pauvreté en termes de trajectoires couvrent notamment les thèmes suivants : genre, structure familiale, emploi, logement, quartier, mais aussi pauvreté et santé, état psychiatrique, délinquance, migrations, mortalité, grossesses adolescentes, origine ethnique/couleur de peau, etc. Cet article part de quelques remarques sur l'intérêt de ce type de recherche avant de résumer leurs principaux résultats. Une dernière section discute des conséquences des analyses de trajectoire en termes de compréhension de la pauvreté et de politiques publiques.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493089">
                <text>http://hal-paris1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00393492</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="493090">
                <text>http://hal-paris1.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/39/34/92/PDF/Article_Pollak_Gazier_RCE_pour_HAL.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493091">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493092">
                <text>Regards croisés sur l'économie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493093">
                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="493094">
                <text>pauvreté</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="493095">
                <text>trajectoires</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="493096">
                <text>études longitudinales</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="493097">
                <text>exclusion</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493098">
                <text>Que sait-on des trajectoires de pauvreté dans les pays riches ?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="493099">
                <text>article in non peer-reviewed journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="31152" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494605">
                <text>Pollak, Catherine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494606">
                <text>Gazier, Bernard</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494607">
                <text>2008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494608">
                <text>Alors que les recherches académiques françaises se tournent depuis peu vers l'analyse dynamique de la pauvreté, les approches longitudinales ont fait l'objet d'une littérature très abondante dans d'autres pays. Cette revue de la littérature contribue à la réflexion autour des moyens de développement de nos connaissances des phénomènes de pauvreté et d'exclusion sociale, en s'interrogeant sur les principaux enseignements que l'on peut tirer des études internationales récentes en termes d'outils d'analyse et de recommandations politiques.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494609">
                <text>http://hal-paris1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00393322</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494610">
                <text>http://hal-paris1.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/39/33/22/PDF/Rapport_Pollak_Gazier_pour_HAL.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494611">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494612">
                <text>Les travaux de l'Observatoire national de la pauvreté et de l'exclusion sociale 2007-2008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494613">
                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494614">
                <text>Analyse longitudinale</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494615">
                <text>panel</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494616">
                <text>enquêtes internationales</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494617">
                <text>pauvreté dynamique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494618">
                <text>revue de littérature</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494619">
                <text>L'apport des analyses longitudinales dans la connaissance des phénomènes de pauvreté et d'exclusion sociale : un survey de la littérature étrangère</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494620">
                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="31151" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494588">
                <text>VERSAILLES</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494589">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494590">
                <text>Polombo, Nadine</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494591">
                <text>Beauvais, Jean-Marie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494592">
                <text>2011-10-05</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494593">
                <text>La base de données de l'INSEE : "Estimations carroyées de la population", est utilisée pour évaluer une distance pondérée entre population et grandes surfaces alimentaires.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494594">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00634734</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494595">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/63/47/34/PDF/EtalementUrbainEloignementGrandesSurfaces.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494596">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494597">
                <text>SIG 2011 Actes de la conférences francophone ESRI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494598">
                <text>SIG 2011 - Conférence francophone ESRI</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494599">
                <text>[SHS:STAT] Humanities and Social Sciences/Methods and statistics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494600">
                <text>étalement urbain</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494601">
                <text>activités</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="494602">
                <text>aménagement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494603">
                <text>Etalement urbain : mesure de l'éloignement des grandes surfaces à l'aide des estimations carroyées de population</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494604">
                <text>conference proceeding</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="29923" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="43">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644254">
                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473182">
                <text>Polomé, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473183">
                <text>2013-08-28</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473184">
                <text>We present results of a household-level survey on behaviors regarding refuses in the home waste-waters network. Interpreting survey results in a panel-data logit results show that most socio-economic and public good-related respondent's characteristics do not play a significant role in explaining choices to discard in the home waste-waters network. The only significant regressor, apart from the nature of the refuse itself, is, by far, the belief that the respondent has about her neighbors' and relatives' discarding behavior. We use Dong's endogeneity test [7] to show that that regressor is not endogenous. We argue that these results may be used by policymakers to reduce undesirable refuses in the home waste-waters network by means of properly designed nudges.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473185">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00855051</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473186">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/85/50/51/PDF/1325.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473187">
                <text>ENG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473188">
                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473189">
                <text>Behavior</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473190">
                <text>Endogeneity</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473191">
                <text>Nonparametric</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473192">
                <text>Panel data</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473193">
                <text>Public good</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473194">
                <text>Reputation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="473195">
                <text>Waste-waters</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473196">
                <text>Mimic Behavior in Home Waste-waters Management</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="473197">
                <text>preprint</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="11616" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="29">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644238">
                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644239">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644240">
                  <text>Crévilles</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190766">
                <text> Knaebel, Georges. Directeur de thèse </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190767">
                <text>Popini Vaz, Nelson</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190768">
                <text>2003</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190769">
                <text>Au Brésil, la croissance des villes a contribué à la redistribution des pratiques de sociabilité dans l’espace urbain. L’observation du comportement des usagers de la place XV de Novembro à Florianópolis (SC Brésil), comparée à l’usage des places parisiennes, a permis de dévoiler quelques conditions nécessaires aux rapports de l’ambiance avec la sociabilité. Les lieux porteurs de centralité engendrent des contacts des individus dans la condition de l’anonymat. Cependant, la rue commerciale d’un quartier de banlieue abrite des configurations de sociabilité, en général fondées sur la connaissance mutuelle des habitants. Les observations de terrain effectuées à Florianopolis et à Paris ont révélé la spécificité de la ville moyenne brésilienne. Les propriétés communes des lieux étudiés sont l’accessibilité par rapport aux pratiques urbaines quotidiennes, la proximité des équipements générateurs de trafic. Les propriétés liées aux caractéristiques architecturales sont : la transparence qui permet la visibilité des actions des usagers, les conditions de confort, la proximité mutuelle des usagers suggérée par l’agencement du mobilier urbain, la perméabilité qui favorise les contacts face à face, l’équilibre entre les espaces pleins et vides, la lisibilité de la fonction du lieu, la flexibilité de l’offre de différentes ambiances, la présence de signes concernant des valeurs collectives. La prise en considération de ces propriétés par les architectes et les urbanistes peut contribuer aux nouveaux projets des espaces publics urbains et aux interventions qui ont pour but la reprise de la sociabilité exercée en public.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190770">
                <text>Attention : le lien URL envoie sur le catalogue de l'Université de Paris 12.  Faire une recherche par auteur ou mot(s) du titre pour visualiser la notice contenant le lien de la thèse vers le texte intégral.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190771">
                <text>http://armada.scd.univ-paris12.fr/F?func=file&amp;file_name=find-b&amp;local_base=these</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190772">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/115</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190773">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/3a427c465c297c834a50881104eaf5fb.jpg</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190774">
                <text>Fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190775">
                <text>Université Paris XII Val de Marne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190776">
                <text>urbanisation, espace public, Brésil, place publique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="190777">
                <text>Urbanisme et aménagement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190778">
                <text>La place publique comme espace de communication : comparaison entre la Praça XV de Novembro à Florianópolis (SC - Brésil) et quelques places parisiennes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190779">
                <text>Thèse</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="21381" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="32">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360562">
                <text>Delaunay, Daniel (comp.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360563">
                <text>Portais, Michel (comp.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360564">
                <text>EQUATEUR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360565">
                <text>Portais, Michel</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360566">
                <text>1989</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360567">
                <text>Les contrastes démographiques entre les principales villes intermédiaires de la Sierra et de la Costa tendent à disparaître. Ce changement est dû au comportement de certains acteurs urbains et à des facteurs géographiques tels que le développement de la région amazonienne et la répartition de la population rurale. Par contre les différenciations sont de plus en plus marquées d'une ville de la Sierra à l'autre. Un véritable réseau urbain national se développe où le type de dynamisme des villes n'a plus de rapport avec la division traditionnelle des pays entre Sierra et Costa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360568">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360569">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:26925</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360570">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:26925</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360571">
                <text>Portais Michel. Le rôle des villes intermédiaires de la Sierra dans l'évolution du réseau urbain équatorien : ruptures et continuités. In : Delaunay Daniel (comp.), Portais Michel (comp.).  Equateur 1986. Paris : ORSTOM, 1989, p. 447-459. (Colloques et Séminaires). Ecuador 1986, Quito (ECU), 1986/07/07-12</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360572">
                <text>FR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360573">
                <text>ORSTOM</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360574">
                <text>ARMATURE URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360575">
                <text>CENTRE URBAIN SECONDAIRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360576">
                <text>CROISSANCE DEMOGRAPHIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360577">
                <text>DISPARITE REGIONALE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360578">
                <text>URBANISATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360579">
                <text>DEVELOPPEMENT ECONOMIQUE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360580">
                <text>ETUDE COMPARATIVE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360581">
                <text>ZONE COTIERE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360582">
                <text>ACTEUR URBAIN</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360583">
                <text>Le rôle des villes intermédiaires de la Sierra dans l'évolution du réseau urbain équatorien : ruptures et continuités</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="360584">
                <text>Equateur 1986</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="360585">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
