474 20 11648 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Los Angeles, CA United States Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Le Goix, Renaud Webster, Chris Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource This paper explores the political, financial and environmental sustainability of private communities. Using a theoretical approach that views the private residential community as a club economy, we analyze the planning and managing practices of 219 gated residential communities in the Los Angeles area. This investigation demonstrates that private urban governance is a locally sustainable solution that might help stabilize the financing of urban growth, redevelop aging neighborhoods, maintain social diversity, conserve non-renewable urban resources, and encourage reinvestment in urban infrastructure. However, these gains are not made without social costs and spillovers. Breaking down municipal management into smaller units might deliver a more economically sustainable urban system on the whole, but only at the expense of marginalizing those excluded from the club economy. In addition, private urban governance is still dependent on state subsidy. This new urban dynamic will become more important as private associations attempt to increase the public subsidy of their activities and municipal governments look for ways to reduce their liabilities through private sector providers. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00110046 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/11/00/46/PDF/FINAL_LeGoix-Webster_062006_diff.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Critical Planning Critical Planning Critical Planning Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography public policy community planning environmental sustainability private communities private residential community club economy Title A name given to the resource Gated communities, sustainable cities and a tragedy of the urban commons Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Paris France Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Le Goix, Renaud Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Cet article propose une analyse systémique de gated communities comme des formes génériques de la croissance urbaine, à travers les stratégies d'acteurs, des promoteurs et des résidants impliqués dans leur développement. Chacun de ces acteurs opère des choix, met en œuvre des politiques publiques qui orientent les stratégies de localisation : ceci contribue à structurer le développement des enclaves résidentielles fermées dans les villes capitalistes depuis au moins 150 ans. Une telle comparaison des dynamiques à long terme et à court terme de l'émergence de ces enclaves doit contribuer à structurer le débat sur la signification des gated communities dans les espaces urbains et dans les pratiques d'aménagement.<br />On relie les linéaments historiques de la genèse des gated communities aux formes classiques de production des quartiers résidentiels et de leurs paysages, qui impliquent la mise en œuvre des logiques d'exclusivité, de lotissements pavillonnaires, de gestion privée en copropriété. Il apparaît que les gated communities émergent également d'une logique sécuritaire plus récente, qui en ont fait une offre importante de la part des promoteurs immobiliers. Néanmoins, leur diffusion émerge plutôt d'un partenariat poussé entre les autorités locales et les lotisseurs, en accord pour faire porter les coûts d'infrastructure liés à l'étalement urbain sur l'acquéreur d'un bien immobilier. Une telle structuration de l'espace résidentiel est alors particulièrement intéressante sur les fronts d'urbanisation où les coûts de l'étalement excèdent largement les capacités financières des autorités publiques locales. Les nouvelles résidences privées offrent à ces autorités de nouveaux contribuables locaux, sans qu'elles aient à en supporter le coût. Comme compensation de cet investissement financier, l'acquéreur obtient l'exclusivité de l'accès au site, à ses équipements et à ses aménités (plages, lacs...). Une telle exclusivité agit en faveur de la valeur des propriétés situées au sein des gated communities. Finalement, leur relative nouveauté réside dans leur statut récent d'un phénomène global qui se traduit par une production accrue d'inégalités dans la ville : elles favorisent leurs résidants par les biais d'une grande homogénéité sociale et par des services privés ; mais ces aspects agissent souvent au détriment des quartiers situés dans leur voisinage. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00110013 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/11/00/13/PDF/cergy_rlg_051113_FR.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Herodote ISSN:0338-487X Hérodote Hérodote Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography Gated communities étalement urbain segregation lotissements résidentiels partenariat public-privé Title A name given to the resource Les « gated communities » aux Etats-Unis et en France :<br />une innovation dans le développement périurbain ? Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Avignon France Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Blidon, Marianne Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource De par la nature même du statut social de l'homosexualité, rechercher les espaces gays n'est pas immédiatement donné. Par contre à travers l'étude des formes spatiales gays à différentes échelles, le géographe peut mettre en évidence une visibilité différentielle de l'homosexualité qui peut se résumer par la formule : plus on approche de l'individu moins la visibilité est importante. Ce paradoxe est le fruit des ambiguïtés de la société face à la question gay. Les différentes formes spatiales gays font émerger un pacte de l'opacité. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00118542 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/11/85/42/PDF/GP04C-BLIDON.doc.def.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La forme en géographie Entre visibilité et invisibilité, les formes spatiales gays dans la ville Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography queer geography espace gay homosexualité visibilité Marais Title A name given to the resource Entre visibilité et invisibilité, les formes spatiales gays dans la ville. Type The nature or genre of the resource conference proceeding Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sanders, Lena Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Ce chapitre propose une discussion critique des différents choix à opérer lors de la modélisation de la dynamique urbaine avec des systèmes multi-agents (SMA) : choix en matière d'objectifs (reproduire un fait stylisé ou rendre compte d'un phénomène observé) et en matière de niveau de modélisation (le niveau individuel de la prise de décision ou le niveau méso-géographique de l'entité spatiale, quartier ou ville par exemple). Les exemples d'application concernent d'une part l'organisation et la dynamique de l'espace intraurbain (mécanismes de ségrégation spatiale notamment) et d'autre part la dynamique d'un système de villes. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00119088 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/11/90/88/PDF/cha7Hermes-hal.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Modélisation et simulation multi-agents ; applications pour les Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography modélisation urbaine système de villes système multi-agents émergence interactions spatiales microsimulation modèle agent ségrégation simulation urbaine simulation spatiale Title A name given to the resource Les modèles agent en géographie urbaine Type The nature or genre of the resource scientific book chapter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Estebanez, Jean Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Le Biodôme de Montréal est un modèle des nouveaux types de jardins zoologiques qui ont<br />émergé à partir des années 1980 et qui transcrivent un rapport renouvelé des sociétés<br />occidentales, très largement urbanisées, à la nature. A travers l'analyse de cette institution ce<br />sont les rapports entre l'homme et l'animal et plus largement la définition de la nature qui<br />sont questionnés, laissant transparaître, au premier abord, un affaiblissement de l'opposition<br />trop nette entre les catégories de nature et de culture. Cependant, plus profondément, il<br />apparaît que les citadins cherchent surtout à se confronter à une nature exotique et sauvage,<br />tout en restant loin des dangers et de la fatigue qu'imposent un vrai voyage. C'est donc une<br />nature édulcorée qui est mise en scène et dont l'altérité même reste étroitement confinée dans<br />un espace précis afin de maintenir valide la distinction entre l'homme et la nature. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00141371 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/13/71/PDF/_Version_modifi_351e_HALLSH_Les_jardins_zoologiques_et_la_vill_205_.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Annales de Géographie ISSN:0003-4010 Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [SHS:ANTHRO_SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology Biodôme nature jardin zoologique animal homme altérité exotisme ville Title A name given to the resource Les jardins zoologiques et la ville : quelle nature pour le Biodôme de Montréal Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pumain, Denise Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Les villes ont un rôle spécifique dans l'économie, par les diverses formes d'accumulation qui s'y expriment en rapport avec la centralité, et surtout par les relations qu'elles établissent entre des lieux éloignés, dans une dynamique de complémentarité des ressources et de concurrence pour l'innovation. La mesure de cette valeur ajoutée urbaine à la production des richesses est difficile. On en devine toutefois l'ampleur à travers l'analyse des coûts urbains et des principaux processus de leur financement, que ce numéro spécial de la revue d'économie financière a le mérite d'éclairer très précisément. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00145923 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/59/23/PDF/villes_economie.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Revue d'économie financière Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances ville système de villes économime urbaine champ urbain hiérarchie urbaine croissance agglomération théorie évolutive des systèmes urbains Title A name given to the resource Villes et systèmes de villes dans l'économie Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Oxford France Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pumain, Denise Bretagnolle, Anne Glisse, Benoît Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource As urban systems are complex systems, their further evolution cannot be merely a linear projection of the most recent trends, nor can it be taken for granted that the future will replicate what happened in the past. Nor can we reliably predict the evolution of European cities by looking at those in North America. We have developed a new theory, at a conceptual level, which can not yet be entirely formalised in a mathematical way but which can be experimented with agent based simulation models. We present here the main principles of the conception of the model and the first results of its experimentation. Our ambition is first to reproduce the evolution of urban systems in different parts of the world, second to use this validated tool for exploring the future evolution of cities under a variety of hypothesis about changes in the local or global context. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00145925 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/59/25/PDF/ECCS06_SIMPOP_model.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived ECCS'06, Proceedings of the European Conference of Complex systems, University of Oxford,, 25-29 September. European Conference of Complex systems Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [INFO:INFO_AI] Computer Science/Artificial Intelligence urban modelling multi-agent system Title A name given to the resource Modelling the future of cities Type The nature or genre of the resource conference proceeding Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pumain, Denise Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource The hierarchical differentiation of urban systems has been noticed for a long time and various explanations have been suggested. Among them: an intentional functional organisation for controlling a territory; the application of a spatial economic equilibrium principle; a “purely” random growth process; the statistical addition of Pareto-like elementary phenomena; self-organisation or co-evolution of competing subsystems, without constraint or under space-time optimisation principle. We review these explanations and related methods of analysis, trying to assess their relevance and exploring the possible similarities between urban dynamics and other types of hierarchical complex systems. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00145933 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/59/33/PDF/hierarchy_dp.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Hierarchy in natural and social sciences Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography urban systems hierarchy complex systems Gibrat Zipf Title A name given to the resource Alternative explanations of hierarchical differentiation in urban systems Type The nature or genre of the resource scientific book chapter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pumain, Denise Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource The panorama of hierarchical organisation in social and natural sciences was intended to improve our understanding of universally emerging hierarchical organisations in nature and society. We expected new insights from the analysis of the scope for circulating concepts and methods between various disciplines. We were searching for a possible general explanation for hierarchical structures. We have reviewed a whole set of quantitative and qualitative approaches, including measures and analytical tools, which provide deeper knowledge about general and specific processes generating or maintaining hierarchies. But this theoretical and methodological investigation has also led us to reverse the question, through the discovery of a possible explanatory power of hierarchical structures themselves, as a necessary part of the architecture of complex systems. Looking for hierarchical organisation would thus become an essential methodological step in the description and understanding of complex systems. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00145935 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/59/35/PDF/hierarchy_conclusion.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Herarchy in natural and social sciences Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [NLIN:NLIN_AO] Nonlinear Sciences/Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems hierarchy complex systems scaling self-organisation Title A name given to the resource Provisional conclusions about hierarchical organisation in complex systems Type The nature or genre of the resource scientific book chapter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pumain, Denise Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Dans les villes comme dans les territoires apparaissent des propriétés émergentes, issues des différentes formes d'échanges et d'interactions qui se produisent entre les acteurs urbains, à plus ou moins longue distance. Ces propriétés sont caractéristiques de l'organisation des villes en réseaux, en systèmes, à des niveaux meso- ou macro-géographiques, Elles contraignent à leur tour les actions sociales comme le devenir de chaque ville, dans la mesure où elles constituent des règles « spontanées » de l'évolution des villes. Certaines de ces propriétés rapprochent les formes d'organisation des systèmes urbains de celles de systèmes physiques, tellement les régularités observées sont générales et universelles. Peut-on alors imaginer les expliquer par de simples modèles dynamiques, certes non linéaires, dont le fonctionnement serait indépendant du temps et des règles propres à chaque société ? On examine comment la structuration des systèmes urbains a pu être décrite par des modèles de croissance stochastique, ou des modèles géométriques (type fractales), ou bien par des modèles économiques a-temporels. On insiste ensuite sur le fait que ces systèmes sont des objets sociaux qu'il importe de considérer dans leur dimension évolutive, par exemple pour interpréter sur la longue durée l'émergence de leur structure et ses transformations, notamment sous l'effet des modifications technologiques de l'espace-temps sociétal, et jusqu'à quel point il faut prendre en compte les accidents marquants de leur histoire pour en comprendre les particularités de forme. La plus grande complexité des interprétations et des modèles suivant cette deuxième voie semble nécessaire, quand il s'agit de tester des hypothèses sur l'évolution future des villes. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00145939 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/59/39/PDF/morphogenese_villesdp.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Morphogenèse. L'origine des formes Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography villes systèmes urbains morphologie urbaine théorie évolutive des systèmes urbains Title A name given to the resource Systèmes de villes et niveaux d'organisation Type The nature or genre of the resource scientific book chapter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Genève Switzerland Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Clerval, Anne Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Gentrification, this specific form of middle-class penetration that affects older and working-class areas and that is accompanied by the restoration of housing, is a long-term movement in continental European cities that leans on the traditionally central positioning of the middle classes. Nevertheless, the movement has accelerated recently due to the convergence of a network of causes, including the changes to the global economic system and their expression in the world's largest cities, and the implications for the property market in those same cities. <br />Starting with the example of Paris, we will show how gentrification resembles a pioneering wave very similar to battle or invasion plans with its advance posts, skirting strategies and front lines. This pioneering front is nevertheless not a clear demarcation line, but a frontier zone where the gentrifiers live alongside the working classes, who are more and more often immigrants as gentrification progresses. In these spaces where such different groups live together, the ongoing process results in a change of scale in segregation between the different streets, flats and in other domains such as education or leisure activities. <br />What is the role of public policies in urban planning and housing in a process of this kind? Gentrification is often ignored or poorly understood by the public authorities, who are happy with the social desegregation that results in working-class areas. Furthermore, policies for the restoration of housing and the regeneration of public spaces - even in consultation with the residents, who are primarily the gentrifiers - work in favour of their acquisition of the area at the expense of the working classes. But there is little room for manœuvre for politicians who genuinely want to put a stop to this process. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00152809 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/15/28/09/PDF/Clerval-Gentrification_Paris.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived 50th IFHP World Congress - Final report Urban life, boundaries and transformations, 50th IFHP World Congress Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography gentrification Paris social division of urban space Title A name given to the resource Gentrification, a frontier reshaping social division of urban space in the inner Paris Type The nature or genre of the resource conference proceeding Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bretagnolle, Anne Daudet, Eric Pumain, Denise Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource The question of complexity and its increasing application to social sciences is challenging the modelling of spatial systems. New concepts and new methods have been proposed and invite to reformulate classical modelling frames. This approach is demanding to open a better informed dialogue between the disciplines which supply models and tools and those where the existing knowledge is reformulated inside this new frame. Actually, creating an « artificial geography » is not straightforward. It is rather easy to translate urban theories within the paradigm of complex systems, but their modelling, for instance by using multi-agents systems, still raises many conceptual and practical difficulties. We underline here some problems in defining significant urban entities and exploring the evolution of their spatial relationships over time. We briefly present which options have been selected for developing the SIMPOP2 model which is conceived for simulating the evolution of systems of cities over long periods of time. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00156778 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/15/67/78/PDF/cybergeofinal.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived CyberGeo: European Journal of Geography Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography complexity emerging structures self-organisation urban systems space-time convergence multi-agents systems Title A name given to the resource From theory to modelling : urban systems as complex systems Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cattan, Nadine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Ce texte propose une définition de la méthaphore classique de centre-périphérie pour décrire les organisations spatiales et principalement le système mondial. Il montre comment cette image fige le système mondial dans une représentation duale trop réductrice. Il explicite alors les raisons pour lesquelles le système mondial doit être lu hors de ce prisme et donne quelques pistes pour la réflexion. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00162580 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/16/25/80/PDF/Centre-Peripherie-dicodef.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Dictionnaire des mondialisations Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography Centre-Périphérie métaphore Système mondial dualité représentation Title A name given to the resource Centre-Périphérie Type The nature or genre of the resource scientific book chapter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Besse, Jean-Marc Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource A partir d'une analyse du travail photographique d'Anne-Marie Filaire en Israël/Palestine, l'article propose une réflexion sur la notion de paysage politique. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00185720 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/18/57/20/PDF/Les_marques_du_territoire.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography paysage formes spatiales géographie Title A name given to the resource Les marques du territoire Type The nature or genre of the resource other publication Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Schmoll, Camille Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource Résumé<br /><br />La ville de Naples a souvent été représentée comme un lieu de contact et d'interpénétration entre Sud et Nord de la Méditerranée. Une telle conception de la ville comme « entre-deux » est problématique, comme le montre l'étude des flux migratoires qui la traversent. Naples peut certes être considérée comme un espace de transition et d'échange entre l'Union Européenne et les différents Suds du monde, mais ni son histoire cosmopolite, ni sa position spatiale ne permettent seules d'en expliquer les raisons. En outre, ce rôle d'interface de la ville doit être relativisé, notamment à la lumière de la mondialisation des flux et de la diversification des profils et parcours des migrants. A l'aune de ces évolutions, la ville est avant tout un laboratoire de nouvelles formes migratoires. Il est vrai que certains migrants, à travers la circulation commerciale, choisissent la ville en vertu de sa position d'interface, permettant l'exploitation des différentiels. Toutefois, cela induit, dans une certaine mesure, un bouleversement des hiérarchies spatiales sur lesquelles étaient fondées leurs stratégies migratoires. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00212024 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/21/20/24/PDF/C.Schmoll_BAGF2006.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Bulletin de l'Association des Géographes Français Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [SHS:ANTHRO_SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology [SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology Migrations internationales mobilités transit économies informelles Mezzogiorno Naples Italie Méditerranée interface Title A name given to the resource Naples dans les mouvements migratoires : une interface Nord-Sud? Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Schmoll, Camille Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource L'articolo analizza la dimensione spaziale del fenomeno migratorio nelle città italiane. Esso concentra l'attenzione sulle molteplici forme di insediamento dei migranti all'interno degli spazi urbani, con riferimento, in particolare, al caso di Napoli. Prende in considerazione tanto la dimensione residenziale quanto gli spazi “altri” e, in special modo, gli spazi pubblici che vengono trasformati dai migranti in relazione alle loro molteplici forme di appartenenza (di genere, etnica, lavorativa). L'esempio di Napoli mette in discussione le tradizionali interpretazioni del fenomeno migratorio nel Mezzogiorno italiano. Fino a un recente passato, si è dato in genere risalto al ruolo di quest'area - e, nello specifico, al ruolo della Campania - come spazio di transito per i migranti. In realtà, tale interpretazione del fenomeno migratorio nelle regioni meridionali lascia in secondo piano la complessità delle dinamiche migratorie contemporanee, trascurando di analizzare il ruolo svolto dalle risorse relazionali e dalle strategie messe in campo dai migranti nel loro processo di inserimento socio-spaziale. Per questa ragione, l'analisi delle diverse forme migratorie che si sviluppano nello spazio urbano necessita di una prospettiva che tenga conto di differenti scale territoriali, prendendo in considerazione le pratiche socio-spaziali che prendono forma a livello locale quanto a livello internazionale e globale. In questa prospettiva, Napoli non appare più come un “caso a parte”, irriducibilmente diverso dagli altri come è stato considerato finora, bensì come un laboratorio di nuove forme migratorie. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00212027 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/21/20/27/PDF/MigNapoli_SEmigrazione.pdf Language A language of the resource ITA Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Studi Emigrazione Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [SHS:ANTHRO_SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology [SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management [SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology Migration Mezzogiorno Naples Italie changements urbains circulations territoires Title A name given to the resource Spazi insediativi e pratiche socio-spaziali dei migranti in città. Il caso di Napoli. Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pumain, Denise Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Description An account of the resource notices du Dictionnaire La Ville et l'Urbain rédigées par Denise Pumain Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00266515 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/26/65/15/PDF/DICO_dp.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Dictionnaire La Ville et l'Urbain Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography ville urbain métropole système urbain système de villes Title A name given to the resource articles pour le Dictionnaire La ville et l'urbain Type The nature or genre of the resource scientific book chapter Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Palermo Italy Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Verdier, Nicolas Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-03-30 Description An account of the resource L'enquête présentée ici vise à déterminer les rythmes et les moments d'intérêts pour les villes chez les historiens français. Elle s'appuie sur l'analyse exhaustive des 400 articles relatifs à la ville dans trois grandes revues françaises entre 1876 et 1968. Les conclusions principales sont qu'après une première phase de recherche (jusque vers 1928) qui se caractérise par sa diversité, une seconde phase, principalement constituée autour des productions des Annales, organise la recherche autour de deux questions : l'économie et la société. Autrement dit, le développement de la recherche sur la ville grâce aux Annales s'accompagne d'un appauvrissement des thématiques. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00104278 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/10/42/78/PDF/VerdierQuelquesapercus.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived I saperi della città, a cura di Enrico Iachello I saperi della città, a cura di Enrico Iachello I saperi della città, a cura di Enrico Iachello Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History Histoire urbaine historiographie Title A name given to the resource Quelques aperçus sur l'histoire des villes Type The nature or genre of the resource conference proceeding Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ducom, Estelle Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-06 Description An account of the resource Le viellissement et la diminution de la population à Tokyo conduisent à une ville moins diluée dans l'espace par un double phénomène de rétraction périurbaine d'une part et de retour au centre d'autre part. Cette situation sans précédent soulève des questions majeures d'aménagement urbain. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00150044 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/15/00/44/PDF/Annales-ducom.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Les Annales de la Recherche Urbaine ISSN:0180-930-X Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography Vieillissement Japon rétraction périurbaine Title A name given to the resource L'involution démographique et urbaine dans l'aire tokyoïte Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Macon France Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Santamaria, Frédéric Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-11 Description An account of the resource L'un des débats géographiques les plus constants est celui qui oppose les approches globales à celles qui rendent compte d'expériences singulières. Nous proposons ici un cadre d'analyse qui permet d'inscrire une étude de cas, celui de l'Aire urbaine Belfort-Montbéliard-Héricourt , dans une perspective plus générale, celle du développement local utilisé ici comme outil conceptuel. L'intérêt de cet outil est qu'il permet de traiter des rapports entre territoires institutionnels et territoires fonctionnels. En effet, l'approche en termes de développement local repose généralement sur l'identification d'un territoire considéré comme un espace de solidarité active au sein duquel les populations locales sont appelées à se mobiliser et à coordonner les ressources locales dans une perspective de diversification et d'enrichissement des activités économiques et sociales. Ainsi, au fondement de l'approche en termes de développement local, il y a ce souci de repérer des fonctionnements territoriaux concrets transcendant, le cas échéant, les frontières des territoires institutionnels considérés ici au sens des territoires hérités de l'organisation politico-administrative (départements, circonscriptions électorales, etc.). Par conséquent, traiter du cas de l'Aire urbaine Belfort-Montbéliard-Héricourt dans une perspective de développement local, c'est savoir en quoi ce cas précis nous renseigne sur les rapports entre territoires institutionnels et territoires fonctionnels. Dans ce cas, l'action locale se développe sur un territoire revendiqué politiquement. Cette revendication s'appuie toutefois sur une certaine réalité fonctionnelle. On assiste alors à une reconnaissance opérationnelle et institutionnelle de ce territoire. Cette évolution permet de poser une des questions majeures soulevées par une approche en termes de développement local : celle des rapports entre élus, citoyens et territoire. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00174025 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/17/40/25/PDF/AireurbaineBMH.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Territoires institutionnels, territoires fonctionnels Territoire institutionnels, territoires fonctionnels Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography développement local Franche-Comté Title A name given to the resource L'aire urbaine Belfort-Montbéliard-Héricourt ou la valeur d'un exemple de développement local Type The nature or genre of the resource conference proceeding