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                <text>Poupeau, François-Mathieu</text>
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                <text>Ce chapitre se penche sur le rôle des collectivités locales dans la gestion des grands réseaux de service public en France, en prenant l'exemple de l'électricité et des télécommunications / hauts débits. Après avoir brièvement retracé le processus par lequel ces acteurs se sont investis dans un domaine qui, jusque là, ressortissait plutôt de l'action de l'Etat, il montre les acquis et les limites de cette intervention locale et esquisse les contours du modèle de régulation en émergence.</text>
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                <text>Les services publics en Europe. Pour une régulation démocratique</text>
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                <text>Collectivités locales</text>
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                <text>Le « service public territorialisé »,&lt;br /&gt;nouveau modèle de gouvernance des grands réseaux de service public en France</text>
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                <text>Jaglin, Sylvy</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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                <text>Cet article propose une analyse comparée des effets des politiques de décentralisation sur les services urbains de cinq pays d'Afrique anglophone (Afrique du Sud, Nigeria, Namibie, Tanzanie, Zambie). Il souligne d'abord les dissemblances des trajectoires des pouvoirs locaux d'un pays à l'autre et leur relative autonomie au regard des dispositifs institutionnels promus par la « convention libérale ». Il montre ensuite que les modèles municipaux de gestion des services sont inégalement pensés pour répondre à une tension majeure entre diversité urbaine, d'une part, équité sociale et cohésion territoriale, de l'autre. Si l'élaboration de compromis gestionnaires et leur traduction en termes opérationnels et techniques sont ainsi très variables, elles tendent cependant toutes à incorporer une ingénierie spatiale dont les diverses modalités ont des incidences directes sur la fragmentation et la désolidarisation urbaines. L'article suggère de rendre compte de ces modalités entre les organisant autour de deux notions : la spatialisation (segmentation socio-spatiale d'un service globalement régulé) et la territorialisation (autonomisation gestionnaire et financière de segments de desserte livrés à leurs propres arrangements).</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00176869</text>
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                <text>Gouverner les villes d'Afrique : Etat, gouvernement local et acteurs privés</text>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>Décentralisation</text>
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                <text>Afrique anglophone</text>
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                <text>Décentralisation et gouvernance de la diversité : les services urbains en Afrique anglophone</text>
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                <text>Guéranger, David</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Le chapitre propose de discuter l'hypothèse d'une décentralisation ferroviaire en abordant cette question sous l'angle financier. Il met l'accent sur plusieurs phénomènes (resserrement des contraintes financières régionales, construction incomplète d'une expertise, outillage difficile à maîtriser) qui conduisent l'auteur à avancer l'hypothèse d'un processus de recentralisation rampante.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00176752</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/17/67/52/PDF/Regions_finances.pdf</text>
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                <text>Six régions à l'épreuve des politiques de transports. Décentralisation, régionalisation ferroviaire et différenciation territoriale</text>
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                <text>[SHS:SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science</text>
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                <text>transport ferroviaire</text>
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                <text>finances</text>
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                <text>région</text>
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                <text>action publique</text>
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                <text>décentralisation</text>
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                <text>La régionalisation ferroviaire. Réflexions sur les enjeux financiers</text>
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                <text>Ababsa, Myriam</text>
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                <text>Roussel, Cyril</text>
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                <text>Dbiyat, M.</text>
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                <text>2007</text>
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                <text>L'article présente la structuration du territoire syrien depuis la révolution ba`thiste de 1963 et les politiques d'aménagement du territoire conduites par les régimes successifs, selon les trois impératifs de contrôle politique, d'intégration nationale et d'autosuffisance, énergétique et alimentaire. Il décrit les formes de métropolisation et de fragmentation territoriale qui accompagnent la libéralisation économique depuis 2000, avant de tracer une typologie régionale détaillée.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00343686</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/34/36/86/PDF/Le_territoire_syrien_Ababsa_Roussel_Dbiyat_2006-.pdf</text>
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                <text>La Syrie au présent. Reflets d'une société</text>
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                <text>Syrie</text>
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                <text>Alep</text>
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                <text>Le territoire syrien entre intégration nationale et métropolisation renforcée</text>
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                <text>On est en droit de supposer que le vent de concertation qui souffle aujourd'hui sur la plupart des politiques urbaines est à même de mettre à mal la solidité des appareils administratifs. La concertation s'accompagne en effet d'un faisceau de contraintes fortes pour les agents qui sont chargés de la mettre en oeuvre : surcroît de travail, problème de savoir-faire pour mener et animer une démarche participative, difficulté à gérer les contradictions éventuelles entre les demandes des habitants et les orientations impulsées par les élus... Elle laisse donc peser de fortes incertitudes, à même de déstabiliser les pratiques quotidiennes voire les modes d'organisation au sein de l'exécutif local.&lt;br /&gt;A l'envers d'une telle analyse, en s'appuyant sur le cas du Plan local d'urbanisme de la Ville de Paris, ce chapitre montre comment l'administration sait aussi « garder la main » sur la procédure de concertation et pas simplement en subir les contraintes, de manière quelque peu passive. La concertation remplit en effet deux types de fonctions pour l'administration, qui invitent à avoir une lecture un peu moins simpliste et univoque que celle qui pourrait s'offrir intuitivement à l'analyste. Tout d'abord, la concertation permet à l'appareil administratif de démultiplier son action en s'appuyant sur les instances de concertation, de « faire travailler » les conseillers de quartier. Eléments perturbateurs, contre-pouvoirs potentiels, ceux-ci savent aussi se transformer pour un temps en collaborateurs, qui sont appréciés des agents en ce qu'ils permettent de remonter des informations cadrées que ceux-ci n'ont ni le temps ni les moyens de rechercher. La concertation remplit également une autre fonction, plus politique quant à elle. Rompant le « huis-clos » qui peut exister dans le quotidien entre le technicien et l'élu, elle fournit au premier un levier pour « rendre légitime » certaines de ses propositions, qui n'auraient peut-être pas trouvé d'écho si elles n'avaient été adoubées par la population.</text>
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                <text>Paris sous l'oeil des chercheurs</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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                <text>Concertation</text>
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                <text>L'administration parisienne face à la concertation : le cas du Plan local d'urbanisme</text>
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        <elementContainer>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521834">
                <text>Bakhos, Walid</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="521835">
                <text>Faour, Ghaleb</text>
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                <text>Huybrechts, Eric</text>
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                <text>Verdeil, Eric</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>2004</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521839">
                <text>L'article présente explique la méthode suivie pour établir un SIG à l'échelle des unités administratives élémentaires du Liban, à partir des circonscriptions foncières délimités par le cadastre et en recoupant et complétant ces informations par des enquêtes auprès d'autres administrations. Ce projet est d'abord comparé brièvement, du point de vue du contexte et des méthodes suivies, à d'autres projets du même type. Une analyse thématique concernant l'avancement de la couverture cadastrale est ensuite proposé à titre d'exemple.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00003058</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/02/70/84/PDF/art_doc.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521843">
                <text>Lebanese Science Journal</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521844">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="521845">
                <text>SIG</text>
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                <text>maille élémentaire</text>
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                <text>Liban</text>
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                <text>L'atlas des localités du Liban : méthode d'établissement et premiers apports d'une base de données des unités cartographiques élémentaires du Liban</text>
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                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>Mons</text>
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                <text>Halbert, Ludovic</text>
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                <text>2003-10-09</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Le desserrement des services aux entreprises dans une métropole dominée historiquement par Paris montre que la constitution d'un système plus polycentrique et le renforcement sélectif du centre – deux tendances a priori opposées- non seulement coexistent mais sont liés, pour partie, aux mêmes dynamiques de division du travail. Dynamiques qui entraînent la recomposition des bassins d'emplois.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00166804</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/16/68/04/PDF/HALBERT_RIT.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Services de développement régional</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>services aux entreprises</text>
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                <text>desserrement</text>
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                <text>polycentrisme</text>
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                <text>division spatiale du travail</text>
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                <text>fragmentation des bassins d'emplois</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Le desserrement intra-métropolitain des emplois de service aux entreprises : une tentative de mesure et d'interprétation dans le cas de la région métropolitaine parisienne</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Naples</text>
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                <text>Italy</text>
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                <text>Leheis, Stéphanie</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2007-07-11</text>
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                <text>By introducing new demands, sustainable development implies changes in the planning of transportation infrastructure. New challenges appear, such as the opening of design and decision processes, the introduction of the principle of precaution, the respect of the environment, the integration of scales, the need for evaluation, transparency and accountability, etc. Thus, the management of transportation projects becomes more and more complex.&lt;br /&gt;The object of this article is to assess the integration of sustainable development issues in transportation planning in France. That implies that we first reconsider the definition of sustainable development and identify the key players or institutional networks responsible for this evolution. What kind of tools, especially legal, allow to face the challenges raised by sustainable development? Depending on the kind of infrastructure, we will emphasize certain concepts instead of others. Lastly, we will review the methods which are used and the solutions which are actually implemented to ensure sustainable development, and analyze examples of best practices.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00338164</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/33/81/64/PDF/Leheis_Aesop_Fullpaper.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521875">
                <text>ENG</text>
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                <text>XXI AESOP Conference Planning for the risk society.</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521877">
                <text>[SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Transportation planning</text>
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                <text>Sustainable development</text>
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                <text>Public/Private partnership</text>
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                <text>Privatisation</text>
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                <text>Road/Rail infrastructures</text>
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                <text>Transportation Planning in France and the challenge of&lt;br /&gt; Sustainable Development: actors, tools and methods.</text>
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                <text>Cet article a été rédigé pour un numéro des Cahiers Français portant sur le thème Villes et Territoires. &lt;br /&gt;Je rappelle le lien entre mondialisation (notamment des entreprises) et métropoles. En particulier, l'article insiste sur le jeu à deux échelles observé par la littérature depuis une vingtaine d'années désormais : les "villes gloables" sont de plus en plus liées les unes avec les autres, au risque de se détacher de leur hinterland traditionnel au profit de ce qui constitue un "hinterworld" (Taylor, 2003); les régions métropolitaines connaissent de puissantes recompositions internes avec le passage à des organisations plus multipolaires.</text>
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                <text>Bocquet, Denis</text>
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                <text>Cet article présente l'histoire de l'archéologie à Rome à partir de 1870 sous l'angle d'une lecture urbaine et spatiale: les conflits entre la municipalité et l'Etat autour du contrôle des chantiers de fouilles et de la planification de la zone archéologique. Il est montré combien cet enjeu est lié à la planification de la capitale en général. L'archéologie, et le dessin de la zone archéologique centrale, ont été pour les services de l'Etat un moyen de planifier la capitale hors des procédures du plan régulateur controllées par une mairie souvent hostile politiquement. Bien avant le fascisme donc, l'archéologie a été à Rome le support d'un discours national.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Archeology in Rome under the light of the conflicts between the local municipality and the State. The archeological zone as a creation of the State to plan its own capital city outside of the municipal procedures of the piano regolatore. Long before fascism, archeology as part of the national narratives in Rome.</text>
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                <text>MEFRIM (Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Italie et Méditerranée)</text>
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                <text>Italy</text>
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                <text>L'archéologie à Rome après 1870. Une lecture politique et spatiale</text>
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                <text>Bocquet, Denis</text>
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                <text>The object of this paper is an analysis of the issue of town planning during the first years of the Italian occupation of Libya. Based upon the archives of the presidency of the council of ministers in Rome and on local archives in Tripoli, the authors trace the rivalries between army engineers, civil engineers and the former ottoman municipality in the drawing of the first colonial masterplan of Tripoli.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="521947">
                <text>Journal of Libyan Studies</text>
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                <text>Local Elites and Italian Town Planning Procedures in Early Colonial Tripoli (1911-1912)</text>
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                <text>Une lecture spatiale des étapes de la montée en souveraineté des administrations italiennes dans la capitale conquise en 1870 au travers des mémoires du commissaire Manfroni. Des hésitations initiales à passer le Tibre aux ambiguités du statut territorial du Château Saint Ange, de la place Saint Pierre et de la Basilique Saint Pierre. La démonstration du fait que la souveraineté est plus compliquée que ce que dit le droit (déjà l'objet de décennies d'incertitudes) et qu'il convient d'en avoir une vision dynamique.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A reading of the ambiguities of the steps of the Italian administration into seized Rome in 1870. Ambiguities on the status of the right shore of the Tiber River, of the Borgo quarter, of the Saint Peter Place and Basilica. An invitation to read sovereignty through a more complex lens than common wisdoms might suggest.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/87/08/PDF/BocquetMEFRIMPolice.pdf</text>
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                <text>Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome Italie et Méditerranée</text>
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                <text>Armée</text>
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                <text>Circonscriptions de police et souveraineté territoriale : les premières semaines de Rome capitale dans les mémoires du commissaire Manfroni</text>
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                <text>What is the importance of business services decentralization in a Parisian metropolitan region known for its inherited monocentricity? Using revised statistical and cartographic methodological tools, I try to answer two debates: Is the new Parisian metropolitan economic geography one of dispersal or of polycentricity? Does decentralization mean the decline or the reinforcement of the economic core? &lt;br /&gt;If secondary suburban economic centers benefit from business services decentralization trends, Paris City's neighboring spaces such as the Inner western suburbs of La Défense and Boulogne-Billancourt are affected too. This paper intends to demonstrate that polycentricity is not opposite to the constitution of a new golden triangle within the dense part of the agglomeration. This means both that economic centrality still matters (thus questioning that dispersed cities is the twenty-first century's metropolitan archetype), and that an enlarged CBD (Core Business District) straddling Paris and the western Hauts-de-Seine département, is being reinforced (thus invalidating CBD decline theory). Thanks to the widening of the business district from Paris to La Défense, the labor market remains an integrated one; meanwhile, secondary economic centers in the Outer Suburbs tend to create fragmented sub-regional labor markets of their own.</text>
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                <text>ISSN:0013-0095</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522015">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>business services</text>
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                <text>economic decentralization</text>
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                <text>polycentricity</text>
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                <text>spatial differentiation</text>
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                <text>labor market sub-fragmentation</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The polycentric city-region that never was: &lt;br /&gt;Paris agglomeration, Bassin parisien &lt;br /&gt;and spatial planning strategies in France</text>
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                <text>Bocquet, Denis</text>
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                <text>Rome is an exception among European capital cities: the thousand-year-old capital of the Pope's State only became the capital of the Italian national kingdom in 1870 and then grew rapidly. The Eternal City benefited from the infrastructure of the Roman Empire, modernized under the last ruling Popes.&lt;br /&gt;Supplying water was not a major technical problem. After 1870, the municipality became a political refuge for Catholics against the Italian central government, seen as sacrilegious for having stolen the city from the Pope. Public service firms were also in the hands&lt;br /&gt;of Catholics, who opposed Italian national projects for the new capital. In this paper, I follow the evolution of the relationships among the water supply firm, the urban space, and the local society during decades of struggle for control of public services. In a fast-growing city, with new settlements built year after year, financial, spatial, technical, and social choices were made in response to different stakes: financial profit, political profit, and administrative advantage against a rival administration. There were three major phases in the process expanding the provision of water: first, a private company was in charge; second, local authorities promoted a municipal company against the private company monopoly; and third, debates about municipalization.&lt;br /&gt;What was unique in Rome among European capital cities was the way in which different companies were operating in an unequal way. For very specific political, historical, economical, and&lt;br /&gt;institutional reasons, in Rome the public company was the challenger, giving historians an unsual situation to study.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/13/87/52/PDF/BocquetWaterRome1865-1964BEHOnline.pdf</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
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                <text>Rome</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>A Public Company as a Challenger to a Private Monopoly: Providing Water to the Eternal City, 1865-1964</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522052">
                <text>Jaglin, Sylvy</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Dans le « modèle » municipal sud-africain, l'exploitation des services techniques (électricité, eau et assainissement, déchets) est le plus souvent assurée par des régies publiques multi-services dont les collectivités locales tirent des revenus substantiels. Ce modèle est cependant soumis à de fortes turbulences, provoquées par la réforme des pouvoirs locaux et, dans les six villes principales, par la création de Unicities en décembre 2000. Issues de la fusion (amalgamation) d'anciennes administrations locales dans les espaces urbanisés métropolitains, elles ont été dotées d'un gouvernement élu au suffrage universel.&lt;br /&gt;En analysant ensemble le processus d'amalgamation métropolitain et les mutations des services techniques municipaux (eau, électricité, déchets), l'objet de l'article est d'analyser comment, à l'échelle de la métropole du Cap (3,2 millions d'habitants), ces réformes partiellement concomitantes s'articulent en pesant sur leurs devenirs réciproques. Nous montrons dans une première partie que la construction métropolitaine institutionnelle a d'abord parié sur le maintien du modèle municipal antérieur en dépit du changement d'échelle puis, dans la seconde partie, qu'émerge aujourd'hui un nouveau modèle de gouvernement local, à la fois moins directement impliqué dans la production des services et plus directement responsable des questions sociales.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00177568</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522058">
                <text>Annales de la Recherche Urbaine</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>Services en réseaux</text>
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                <text>gestion municipale</text>
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                <text>Afrique du Sud</text>
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                <text>Métropolisation institutionnelle et services urbains au Cap: l'équité en question</text>
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                <text>Halbert, Ludovic</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Cet article interroge la relation entre dynamiques économiques et métropolisation. Il s'agit pour nous de mesurer le rôle des principales régions métropolitaines sur la transformation du système productif urbain français. Nous insistons tout d'abord sur la nécessité méthodologique de dépasser une approche simplement sectorielle grâce à la lecture fonctionnelle permise par l'usage des outils réactualisés de l'équipe Strates. Nous montrons alors à partir de la qualification des profils économiques des Aires Urbaines françaises, l'intensité des transformations du système productif. Au-delà de la tertiarisation des économies, l'essor des fonctions collectives et la dématérialisation des métiers de la production s'imposent. Dans ce contexte de refonte durable du système productif, nous soulignons le rôle moteur des principales métropoles françaises. Ces dernières témoignent d'une capacité à amplifier les dynamiques, approfondissant le déclin des fonctions d'exécution et accélérant la croissance des métiers de la Production Immatérielle.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00125211</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/52/11/PDF/Metropoles_BAGF.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522073">
                <text>Bulletin de l'Association de Géographes Français</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522074">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522075">
                <text>Métropolisation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522076">
                <text>système productif</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522077">
                <text>désindustrialisation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522078">
                <text>tertiairisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522079">
                <text>dématérialisation</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>rôle moteur</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522081">
                <text>Les métropoles, moteurs de la dématérialisation du système productif urbain français : une lecture sectorielle et fonctionnelle (1982 à 1999).</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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          </element>
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          <elementContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644253">
                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522083">
                <text>Halbert, Ludovic</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Cet article analyse le rôle joué par les villes nouvelles franciliennes dans les processus de desserrement des emplois d'intermédiation dans la région métropolitaine parisienne.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522087">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/52/16/PDF/ARU.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522089">
                <text>Annales de la Recherche Urbaine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522090">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522091">
                <text>villes nouvelles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522092">
                <text>intermédiation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522093">
                <text>desserrement</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522094">
                <text>polarisation</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522095">
                <text>bassins&lt;br /&gt;de recrutement</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522096">
                <text>division spatiale des taches</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522097">
                <text>Les villes nouvelles franciliennes et la polarisation du desserrement des activités d'intermédiation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522098">
                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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          <elementContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522099">
                <text>Bocquet, Denis</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522100">
                <text>De Pieri, Filippo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>2005</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522102">
                <text>Quest'articolo si presenta come l'introduzione teorica al numero speciale di storia urbana sulle norme urbane di cui abbiamo curato la pubblicazione. Propone sia un panorama storiografico che piste di ricerca sul tema.&lt;br /&gt;This paper is the introduction of the guest editors to the special issue of Storia Urban on urban norms. We try and propose a historiographical panorama on cities, rules, norms and regulations and some possible research impulses.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Table des matières du volume:&lt;br /&gt;Table of contents of the issue:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Storia urbana, 107 (2005) -&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;La regola e la trasgressione: Parigi, Londra, Madrid, Lisbona, Milano, Beirut, Delhi, Toronto, Melbourne -&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;SAGGI&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Denis Bocquet, Filippo De Pieri : Tra regole e violazioni: percorsi di ricerca (Urban Norms: a critical perspective) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Richard Dennis : La regolamentazione degli edifici per appartamenti a Toronto e Londra: una preistoria (The pre-history of building rules in London and Toronto) -&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Charlotte Vorms : La pratica e la regola. Gestione e controllo pubblico dell'urbanizzazione non pianificata nella periferia di Madrid (1860-1931) (The un-planned periphery of Madrid) -&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Andrew Brown-May : «I cittadini stanno iniziando a lamentarsi». Saperi municipali e contrattazioni intorno ai comportamenti pubblici molesti a Melbourne (Municipal knowledge and public behaviour in Melbourne) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Maria Alexandre Lousada : Una nuova grammatica per lo spazio urbano. La polizia e la città a Lisbona, 1760-1833 (Policing Lisbon) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Robert Carvais : L'apocalisse urbana. La Parigi di ancien régime attraverso i verbali della Police du bâtiment (The role of the guilds in the policing of the building sector in old regime Paris) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Prabodh G. Dhar Chakrabarti : Le due città. Il rapporto tra città formale e città informale a Delhi, 1960-2000 (The relationship between formal and informal in Delhi) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mona Fawaz : La costruzione di un sobborgo informale: imprenditori e stato a Hayy el Sellom, Beirut, 1950-2000 (Formal and informal building in southern Beirut) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;John Foot : Dentro la città irregolare. Una rivisitazione delle coree milanesi, 1950-2000 (Self construction in the periphery of Milan) - &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;urban norms; rules; normes urbaines; règles; régulation; hayden; salzano; insolera; scamuzzi; clementi; perego; bass warner; sadler; mayne; olmo; murray; polanyi; ward, illegal; habitat; bidonville; précaire; spontané; unruly</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00128715</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522104">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/87/15/PDF/Bocquet-DePieri-Intro-Storia-Urbana.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522105">
                <text>ITA</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522106">
                <text>Storia Urbana</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522107">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522108">
                <text>Città</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522109">
                <text>storia urbana</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>norme</text>
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                <text>regole</text>
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                <text>Parigi</text>
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                <text>Londra</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522114">
                <text>Madrid</text>
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                <text>Lisbona</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522116">
                <text>Milano</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>Beirut</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522118">
                <text>Delhi</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522119">
                <text>Toronto</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522120">
                <text>Melbourne</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522121">
                <text>abusivismo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Tra regole e violazioni: percorsi di ricerca</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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          <elementContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522124">
                <text>Paris</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522125">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522126">
                <text>Offner, Jean-Marc</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522127">
                <text>2006-02</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522128">
                <text>Parangons de la modernisation publique, les réformes répétées de la carte des territoires politico-administratifs s'alimentent d'arguments sans cesse renouvelés. Ces remembrements institutionnels sont néanmoins structurellement condamnés à l'échec car ils poursuivent des objectifs ambivalents voire antagonistes, comme le soulignent les analyses convergentes de politistes et de géographes. Pour autant, ces jeux sur les découpages et les limites, réels ou virtuels, favorisent l'action publique locale. L'utopie de la cohérence permet, paradoxalement, de créer les instabilités, les désynchronisations, les tensions, susceptibles de donner des raisons et des moyens d'agir et de décider.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522129">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00084369</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522130">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/08/43/69/PDF/jmoRFSP.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522131">
                <text>FRE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522132">
                <text>Revue Française de Science Politique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522133">
                <text>Revue française de science politique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522134">
                <text>Revue française de science politique</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522135">
                <text>[SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522136">
                <text>[SHS:SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522137">
                <text>Action publique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522138">
                <text>institution locale</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522139">
                <text>concept de territoire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522140">
                <text>décision publique</text>
              </elementText>
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                <text>réforme institutionnelle</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="522142">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Les territoires de l'action publique locale.&lt;br /&gt;Fausses pertinences et jeux d'écarts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="522144">
                <text>article in peer-reviewed journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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                <text>Halbert, Ludovic</text>
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                <text>This paper highlights how, in the Paris metropolitan region's case, two polycentric spatial planning policies at national and regional levels incidentally prevented the development of a polycentric Mega-City-Region. The national policy aiming to reduce economic imbalances in the French territory has failed to promote a coherent Bassin Parisien system. At the same time, polycentric planning within the Paris-Ile-de-France region restricted the economic and urban growth to the adjacent new towns. This resulted in the reinforcement of the Paris agglomeration, thus limiting further integration of surrounding FURs in a polycentric Mega-City-Region that never existed.</text>
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                <text>The Polycentric City Region That Never Was.</text>
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