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                <text>France</text>
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                <text>Reigner, Hélène</text>
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                <text>This paper seeks to test the validity of the radical analysis framework of neoliberalization, heavily influenced by urban studies in the Anglo-American world, by transposing it to analyse French urban policies. It claims that French cities, which were thought to be protected by a Weberian model of bureaucracy, are not immune to this neoliberalization of public policies (Le Galès, 2003). But it also claims that this occurs through mechanisms other than the influence of revanchist coalitions on urban governance (Smith, 1996). Favouring a Foulcauldian approach, the microphysics of diffuse power, we have tried to link the neo-Marxist metacritique of domination to an empirical micro-analysis of the mechanisms present in the pluralist city. Using empirical analyses carried out in various French cities, this article provides a critical view of contemporary urban transport planning and sustainable mobility policies. These policies implemented in the name of promoting “the quality of life” and sustainable mobility contribute to a disturbing specialization in treating spaces. They focus on urban operations and tools (that often come with key adjectives such as green, citizen, eco-responsible, clean, civilized, soft, or calm) that specialize and classify spaces, flows, uses and users in the city. A social system (social roles and practices) and a spatial system (locations, types and quality of space) combine to suggest who can move about in the different areas of the planned ideal city. Depoliticization, naturalization and the emphasis placed on individual responsibility are strong, coordinated trends in framing these contemporary public problems as well as major processes that structurally elude their socio-spatial aspects, restrict the space for controversy and discredit groups that nonetheless object to the application of these public policies. Legitimized by “noble causes” such as preserving an acceptable environment for future generations as well as people’s safety and health, these policies impose “the right way” of behaving in the post-Fordist neo-hygienist city.</text>
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                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00842152</text>
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                <text>CADIC_IFSTTAR: DOC00014266</text>
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                <text>La ville néolibérale : une thèse crédible ?</text>
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                <text>La ville néolibérale : une thèse crédible ?</text>
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                <text>[SHS:SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science</text>
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                <text>PLAN LOCAL D'URBANISME</text>
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                <text>PLANIFICATION</text>
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                <text>DEPLACEMENT URBAIN</text>
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                <text>POLITIQUE</text>
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                <text>Les formes renouvelées de l'ordre urbain dans la ville post-fordiste. De l'analyse du cadrage des politiques de transport et de déplacements à l'objectivation de leurs effets socio-spatiaux dans la ville</text>
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                  <text>Métropoles</text>
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                  <text>Métropoles se veut le carrefour des travaux scientifiques issus de la plupart des disciplines en sciences sociales qui s’intéressent au fait urbain et métropolitain. Cette revue thématique souhaite présenter à la communauté académique internationale les travaux les plus significatifs et originaux issus soit des disciplines s’intéressant traditionnellement à la ville comme la géographie, la sociologie, la science politique ou l’économie, soit des disciplines qui interrogent le fait urbain depuis moins longtemps comme l’histoire  et le droit. Elle accueille les travaux produits au croisement des disciplines comme ceux de l’urbanisme, de l’aménagement ou du « planning ». Elle publie des articles en français et en anglais.</text>
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                <text>Reigner, Hélène</text>
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                <text>Brenac, Thierry</text>
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                <text>Hernandez, Frédérique</text>
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                <text>2009-04-06</text>
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                <text>Les deux politiques publiques traitées de concert dans cet article n’ont, d’un point de vue institutionnel, pas grand-chose en commun. Pour autant, leur mise en parallèle permet d’éclairer les mécanismes par lesquels s’imposent quelques tendances lourdes de la prise en charge des problèmes publics contemporains. En effet, politique de transport et de déplacements et politique de sécurité routière s’inscrivent dans une perspective commune où qualité de vie, durabilité et sécurité se côtoient, au service d’un environnement sûr et sans nuisance. La safe city deviendrait un modèle à atteindre, une réponse aux désordres urbains, en offrant un environnement attractif pour les classes moyennes et supérieures et en contrôlant les comportements incivils. Nous montrons que la prise en charge de ces deux problèmes publics donne lieu à des rhétoriques et à des pratiques ambiguës dont l’efficacité et la légitimité peuvent être contestées. En ignorant un certain nombre de déterminants macro-sociaux, ces problèmes publics sont dépolitisés. En conséquence, ils donnent lieu à des discours et des pratiques, socialement insoutenables, qui mettent en avant la seule responsabilité individuelle et au sein desquels les rapports sociaux sont euphémisés. </text>
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                <text>The two public policies dealt with in concert in this article do not have much in common from an institutional point of view. And yet, placing them side by side sheds light on the mechanisms through which certain heavy trends have been imposed in handling contemporary public problems. Indeed, transport and travel policy and road safety policy are part of a common outlook in which the quality of life, sustainability and safety come together, serving a safe environment without nuisances. The safe city has become a model to be achieved, a response to urban disorder, providing an attractive environment for the middle and upper classes and controlling uncivil behaviors. We demonstrate that the handling of these two public problems gives rise to ambiguous practices and rhetoric whose effectiveness and legitimacy can be questioned. By ignoring a certain number of macrosocial determinants, these public problems are depoliticized. Consequently, they give rise to socially untenable discourses and practices which stress individual responsibility alone and refer euphemistically to social relations. </text>
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                <text>http://metropoles.revues.org/3808</text>
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                <text>ideology</text>
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                <text>Road Safety</text>
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                <text>urban governance</text>
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                <text>Urban Travel Plans</text>
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                <text>Circuler dans la ville sûre et durable : des politiques publiques contemporaines ambiguës, consensuelles et insoutenables</text>
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                  <text>revue publiée par Société française d'histoire urbaine</text>
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                <text>95</text>
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                <text>Reiji, Iwabuchi</text>
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                <text>2010</text>
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHU_029_0027</text>
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                <text>fre</text>
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                <text>Cairn</text>
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                <text>Histoire urbaine, n 29, 3, 2010-12-22, pp.27-66</text>
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                <text>Un guerrier dans la ville </text>
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                <text>De Herde, André. Directeur de thèse</text>
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                <text>Reiter, Sigrid</text>
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                <text>Cette thèse de doctorat consiste à élaborer des outils méthodologiques et techniques d'aide à la conception d'ambiances urbaines de qualité pour favoriser le développement durable des villes.&#13;
Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans la recherche de nouveaux modes de conception de notre espace habité pour assurer le développement durable des villes. Il vise à promouvoir un nouveau rapport de la société à l'espace public urbain, à travers la création d'ambiances urbaines de qualité, confortables et adaptées aux conditions climatiques locales.&#13;
Cette thèse propose un éclairage spécifique et technique des ambiances urbaines, tout en l'insérant dans une approche architecturale globale. Dans une première partie, cette thèse étudie les caractéristiques des espaces publics qui sont nécessaires pour promouvoir une conception architecturale et urbaine respectueuse de l'homme et de l'environnement. Dans une seconde partie, ce travail de thèse approfondit l'étude du confort des piétons dans les espaces publics, selon une approche innovante du confort à l'extérieur qui consiste à regrouper les points de vue physiologiques et psychologiques. Dans une troisième partie, cette thèse décrit les moyens existants et développe de nouveaux outils méthodologiques et techniques pour concevoir des ambiances urbaines de qualité du point de vue microclimatique et acoustique. Ces outils permettront aux différents acteurs du processus de conception et de réalisation des projets urbains d'identifier dans le tracé de leurs plans masses les zones susceptibles d'être critiques ou clémentes pour les piétons en fonction du microclimat et de l'acoustique. Signalons notamment le développement d'outils graphiques simplifiés pour déterminer les risques d'inconfort au vent autour des bâtiments, à partir de nombreuses simulations numériques CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics).&#13;
Cette thèse de doctorat aidera donc concrètement les concepteurs et les décideurs de projets urbains à évaluer la qualité d'un espace public réel ou projeté et ainsi guidera leurs choix d'aménagement. Les stratégies de conception et les outils de calcul simplifiés développés dans cette thèse faciliteront la conception d'ambiances urbaines confortables pour les piétons.&#13;
Les résultats de cette recherche soulèvent une interrogation sur le type de société que nous désirons promouvoir. Ils soulignent l'importance du rôle des espaces publics	urbains	pour	améliorer	l' habitabilité	de	nos	villes	 et	valorisent	un développement de l'humanité qui soit éthique et pas seulement financier. Ils ont été rédigés dans le but de participer à une prise de conscience collective, ce qui ne peut se réaliser que par la sensibilisation du public, l'information donnée aux décideurs politiques et la formation des concepteurs de projets. C'est pourquoi une attention particulière a été portée sur l'aspect graphique de cette thèse et sur le choix de nombreuses illustrations afin qu'elle soit agréable à lire pour les différents acteurs concernés.</text>
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                <text>This article explores the concept of slum upgrading as understood by Muungano wa Wanavijiji (MWW), a federation of slum dwellers in Nairobi (hereafter referred to as Muungano). It discusses different issues related to slum upgrading projects in Nairobi in two ways: through a description of what slum upgrading means to Muungano and through an interview with Ezekiel Rema, Chairman of Muungano and one of the eighteen founding members of this federation in 1996, who shares the various aspects of Muungano's activities and experiences in the slum upgrading process. In conclusion, the article presents some lessons and recommendations, as suggested by Mr. Rema, on how to achieve a veritable slum upgrading.</text>
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                <text>La communauté des anciens Juifs soviétiques dans le Grand Toronto a beaucoup augmenté depuis 15 ans, à la fois par immigration directe depuis les pays de l’ex-URSS et par re-migration de Juifs russes depuis Israël. Peu d’études canadiennes sur les expériences de réinstallation des Juifs russes se sont penchées jusqu’à présent sur les questions d’identité juive et de modification de cette identité avec la migration. Cette étude ethnique exploratoire est basée sur des entretiens, des discussions de groupe et l’observation des contextes de vie des immigrants avec l’intention de comparer quelques aspects essentiels de l’intégration entre Juifs arrivés directement de l’ex-URSS et Juifs ayant d’abord migré vers Israël. Les récits collectés pour cette étude portent sur différents points : causes de la migration vers le Canada, difficultés d’entrée sur le marché du travail canadien, perception des niveaux de vie, difficultés spécifiques aux couples d’immigrants, aux jeunes et aux personnes âgées, liens transnationaux avec d’autres branches de la diaspora juive russe. Les résultats indiquent des différences notables entre les deux groupes, en particulier dans l’adaptation au marché du travail et les processus familiaux. En général, les migrants de seconde migration sont mieux armés pour le mode de vie et l’économie occidentale et ont plus de points d’ancrage dans la société canadienne que ceux qui arrivent directement de l’ex-URSS. </text>
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                <text>The community of former Soviet Jews in the Greater Toronto Area has considerably expanded over the last 15 years reflecting both immigration from the former Soviet Union (FSU) and re-migration of Russian Jews from Israel. Few Canadian studies of the resettlement experiences of Russian Jews focused on the issues of Jewish identity and its change upon migration. This exploratory ethnographic study included in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and observations of natural contexts of immigrants’ lives with the goal of comparing some key aspects of social integration between direct arrivals from the FSU and secondary migrants from Israel. The narratives collected in this study refer to several domains: causes of migration to Canada, the challenges of occupational adjustment, perceived living standards and quality of life, the specific challenges faced by immigrant couples, youth and the elders, and transnational ties with other branches of the Russian Jewish diaspora. The findings point to some tangible differentials in the integration process between the two groups of immigrants, particularly in their labor market adjustments and family processes. Generally, ‘second lap’ migrants from Israel are better equipped for western economic marketplace and have more social anchors within Canadian society than direct arrivals from the FSU.  </text>
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                <text>Comment caractériser les ambiances sonores observables dans un même site ? Comment différencier différents états sensibles d'un même lieu ? Comment l'interaction entre l'espace construit, l'environnement sonore et les pratiques ordinaires s'incarne-t-elle à différents moments de la journée ? Comment se modifient les ambiances sonores d'un lieu ?&lt;br /&gt;Cet article se propose d'avancer quelques éléments de réflexions à partir d'un travail de terrain sur les qualités sonores perçues par des usagers de trois gares parisiennes [ ]. Dans le cadre de cette recherche, nous avons donc étudié plusieurs sites dans des conditions similaires. Les lieux étaient la gare Montparnasse, la gare du Nord et la station Haussmann du RER Eole. Nous avons articulé notre travail d'analyse des qualités sonores perçues par les usagers à partir de la comparaison de parcours dans chacun des sites</text>
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                <text>This paper is based on several works that aims to improve sound quality in the architectural project. Architectural practices are mainly dominated by the visual modality. Architects need tools to develop new projects considering sound criteria. Our purpose is basically beyond regulations and aims to manage sound phenomena when they are not necessarily synonymous of noise and annoyances. In other words, we cannot reduce all this complexity and richness of the sound world in a simple problematic that compares noise with silence.&lt;br /&gt; This paper will demonstrate that the sound quality deals with the interactions between sensitive phenomena (perceived sounds) and people's activities within the space. Sound quality indicates certain qualities of the relations between sounds, space and social practices. Sound quality is not a fixed criterion of the environment. It embodies differently according to people and time. Consequently, sound quality of a space involves a crossed analysis between space, acoustics and human behaviours in situ.&lt;br /&gt;This paper will argue different definitions of the concept of "sound quality" used by acoustic community and defend a position for a sonic architecture.</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par l'&amp;eacute;diteur :&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&#13;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&#13;
&lt;div&gt;Les politiques mises en oeuvre depuis le d&amp;eacute;but des ann&amp;eacute;es 1980 dans les grands ensembles d'habitat social n&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;tant pas parvenues &amp;agrave; les faire sortir de la spirale de la d&amp;eacute;valorisation et de l&amp;rsquo;exclusion, leur d&amp;eacute;molition s&amp;rsquo;est impos&amp;eacute;e comme la solution au probl&amp;egrave;me des banlieues.&lt;/div&gt;&#13;
&lt;br /&gt; Le programme national de r&amp;eacute;novation urbaine (PNRU) lanc&amp;eacute; par Jean-Louis Borloo en 2003 a transform&amp;eacute; la France des grands ensembles en un vaste chantier. Des op&amp;eacute;rations de d&amp;eacute;molition-reconstruction ont &amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute; engag&amp;eacute;es dans pr&amp;egrave;s de 500 quartiers, mobilisant des moyens colossaux&amp;ndash; 45 milliards d&amp;rsquo;euros au total &amp;ndash; avec la double ambition de banaliser leur forme urbaine et d&amp;rsquo;en faire des lieux de mixit&amp;eacute; sociale.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Alors que les premiers projets s&amp;rsquo;ach&amp;egrave;vent et que le mirage d&amp;rsquo;une dissolution des probl&amp;egrave;mes sociaux dans la transformation urbaine se dissipe, cet ouvrage revient sur la mise en oeuvre et les effets d&amp;rsquo;un programme qui, d&amp;egrave;s son lancement, a &amp;eacute;t&amp;eacute; pr&amp;eacute;sent&amp;eacute; comme un succ&amp;egrave;s mettant fin &amp;agrave; des d&amp;eacute;cennies d&amp;rsquo;&amp;eacute;chec.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; L&amp;rsquo;analyse du PNRU et sa mise en perspective historique renouvellent les d&amp;eacute;bats sur la politique de la ville et apportent un &amp;eacute;clairage in&amp;eacute;dit surles effets territoriaux des r&amp;eacute;formes de l&amp;rsquo;&amp;Eacute;tat des ann&amp;eacute;es 2000. Car la r&amp;eacute;novation urbaine r&amp;eacute;sulte et participe d&amp;rsquo;un processus plus vaste de d&amp;eacute;molition-reconstruction de l&amp;rsquo;&amp;Eacute;tat, organisant dans un m&amp;ecirc;me mouvement son retrait des territoires et la restauration de sa capacit&amp;eacute; d&amp;rsquo;orientation, &amp;agrave; distance, des politiques qui y sont men&amp;eacute;es.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.pressesdesciencespo.fr/fr/livre/?GCOI=27246100643660" target="_blank"&gt;Presses de Sciences Po&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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&#13;
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