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Nadia Amoroso

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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Imagine a city invisible to the human eye and only manifested by its non-visual urban phenomena. What shape will it take? If these new urban forms are represented as images, do they become new maps of the city?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Examining representations of the city not usually visible to the naked eye, The Exposed City takes textual urban data and transforms it into architectural visions. Criminal activities, population densities, transportation patterns, public surveillance, cell phone usage, air quality readings and other spatial statistics all become new maps of the city.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;lsquo;unseen&amp;rsquo; elements of the city are exposed in innovative maps throughout the book, which are complimented by interviews with Winy Mass and James Corner, in addition to sections by Richard Saul Wurman, the SENSEAble City Lab group and one of the founders of Google Earth.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Showing new ways to map invisible urban information, Amoroso&amp;rsquo;s book is ideal for those landscape architecture, urban design and geography students along with professionals interested in the theoretical and practical issues of representing the hidden city through spatial mapping.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Nadia Amoroso&lt;/b&gt; specializes in visual representation as it relates to architecture, landscape architecture and the urban environment. She is a Lecturer at the University of Toronto, John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Roger Biles

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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
By the end of the twentieth century, decaying inner cities in America continued to lose ground despite the best efforts of local and federal officials. By then the investment in urban revitalization begun during the activist 1960s had become a romantic memory. Roger Biles&amp;rsquo;s insightful new book shows why. The first major comprehensive treatment of the subject in thirty-five years, superseding Mark Gelfand&amp;rsquo;s landmark A Nation of Cities, it examines the federal government&amp;rsquo;s relationship with urban America from the Truman through the Clinton administrations.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Deftly analyzing the efforts of presidents, legislators, and other policy makers to deal with a range of troubling and persistent urban issues&amp;mdash;especially problems related to housing, transportation, and poverty&amp;mdash;Biles chronicles the attitudes and policy proposals of each president and his chief appointees. He shows that, although various presidents announced initiatives to benefit cities, only Jimmy Carter actually made a sustained effort to do so, while the Eisenhower administration stepped back from New Deal&amp;ndash;Fair Deal engagement in urban affairs and LBJ&amp;rsquo;s Great Society programs succeeded in reviving ailing cities&amp;mdash;until money was diverted to the Vietnam war. Biles explains how Ronald Reagan&amp;rsquo;s New Federalism reduced the federal government&amp;rsquo;s presence in urban America with a vengeance and how Bill Clinton&amp;rsquo;s &amp;ldquo;Third Way&amp;rdquo; for America&amp;rsquo;s cities signaled yet another triumph for devolution and decentralization. He also critiques the Department of Housing and Urban Development, citing its ongoing inability to serve as a strong advocate for the cities within the federal government.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Well organized, clearly written, and wide-ranging, Biles&amp;rsquo;s impressive treatise provides a telling critique of how in the long run the government turned a blind eye to the fate of the cities. No other work offers such a useful narrative of presidential action or inaction and Washington political maneuvering with regard to urban issues. This comprehensive history will become the standard source for understanding the development and trajectory of federal policy making affecting America&amp;rsquo;s urban centers.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Roger Biles &lt;/b&gt;is Professor of History at Illinois State University.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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7 December 2011

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Jon Hughes</text>
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                <text>http://backdoorbroadcasting.net/2012/02/jon-hughes-the-flaneur-on-the-bus-franz-hessel-and-joseph-roth-in-weimar-berlin/</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Organisers' description of the seminar series (&lt;a target="_blank" href="http://backdoorbroadcasting.net/2012/01/the-flaneur-research-seminars-in-comparative-literature-and-culture-2011-12/"&gt;source&lt;/a&gt;):&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
The School of Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures at Royal Holloway is pleased to announce a series of lunchtime Research Seminars in Comparative Literature and Culture. The School&amp;rsquo;s popular degree programme in Comparative Literature and Culture (CLC) gives students the opportunity to study fiction, film, visual art, and intellectual history across different periods, cultures and contexts. The Research Seminars will showcase the complementary, comparative, and interdisciplinary research interests of researchers in the SMLLC by exploring a single theme: &amp;lsquo;The Fl&amp;acirc;neur&amp;rsquo;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;lsquo;Fl&amp;acirc;neur&amp;rsquo;, both as a figure and as an approach to art, has its origins in the nineteenth century, when the leisurely &amp;lsquo;gentleman stroller&amp;rsquo; emerged as a recognizable urban type in cities such as London and, especially, Paris, and consequently became the subject of comment, satire and analysis. For the poet Charles Baudelaire, the fl&amp;acirc;neur became of a figure of aesthetic and existential significance: the pedestrian observer able to &amp;lsquo;bathe&amp;rsquo; in crowds, to feel at home anywhere, to derive intoxication from random encounters. As the world&amp;rsquo;s cities have continued to expand, the fl&amp;acirc;neur has continued to exercise influence on and appeal to artists and writers, and architects and urban planners. The early twentieth century saw the figure impact on the work of journalists and critics writing in German, notably the work of Walter Benjamin. At the same time, city streets, the anonymity of crowds, and a fascination for &amp;lsquo;observation&amp;rsquo; were characteristic preoccupations of many photographers, artists and filmmakers. More recently, the narrative position of the fl&amp;acirc;neur &amp;ndash; a combination of critical distance and total immersion &amp;ndash; has become a feature of travel writing in an increasingly mobile, globalized world.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
available to download&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Jon Hughes &lt;/b&gt;is Senior Lecturer at the School of Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures at Royal Holloway, University of London, Research Officer at the Centre for German-Jewish Studies in Sussex, and Lecturer in German at King's College London.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>This chapter examines the relationship between freight and urban development in the case of the South Korean city of Incheon. Functionally linked to the capital Seoul as main gateway of the Gyeongin corridor, home to a major seaport (second after Busan) and new international airport, the local and national government have been especially aggressive in promoting all modes of freight transportation and logistics activity, as well as free economic zones, notably based on the "Pentaport" concept. The case of Incheon thus provides a site for exploring how (and with what consequences) cities in export-oriented Asian nations have gone about planning for heightened and elaborated flows of goods. Furthermore, it explores how logistic activities co-exist with the ambitions of Incheon - and South Korea as a whole - of becoming a Northeast Asia's knowledge and business hub. In light of the multiplication of other projects nationally and in Asia, and of the competition from Chinese manufacturers and transportation providers, this case provides some insights into what trends may emerge in the future.</text>
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                <text>This thesis details the development of fora in Rome and Pompeii in order that our understanding of these spaces as 'centres' accounts for their changing relationship with the city, between the third century B.C. and the second century A.D. It is a diachronic study of spatial practice and the representation of space, based on archaeological evidence for infrastructures of movement and textual evidence for the articulation of spatial concepts. Having asserted the importance of movement in shaping the perception of space in antiquity, this thesis details the changes to the physical disposition, the management of access, and the representation of fora. It concludes that while the centrality of the Forum Romanum was related to its potential for through movement, access was increasingly restricted in the late-first century B.C. This changing disposition of public space informed the development of the imperial fora, which in turn informed the development of fora outside of the city of Rome. Fora changed from shortcuts to obstacles in the city; from spaces of movement through to spaces of movement to. This represents a fundamental redefinition of their relationship with the city of which they were a part, and of their 'centrality' in both practice and representation.</text>
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                <text>The urban environment is the physical and social habitat for almost half of mankind in the present day world. In ‘developed’ regions such as Europe even almost three quarters of the population live in towns and cities. This urban environment has strongly contributed to the shape of our personal and common identity, our culture, both in the past and in the present.

For instance, many important facets of our modern world are essentially urban in origin. This holds true for, among other things, the core family as social unit (instead of extended families or tribes), for the freedom of person and personal possession, for the freedom of trade and profession (and thereby for professional specialisation and the recognition of the importance of schooling), for market trade, money and democracy.

Conversely, the physical and social urban environment also expresses our common identity. And the forms of historic towns and cities also express the identity and aspirations of our ancestors, which is also important for our own identity, giving us a place in history. Generally speaking, the historic manmade landscape offers us a tangible idea of the long history of our culture and of our own position in history. This holds particularly true for the landscape with many historic buildings, in old villages, towns and cities. This built landscape offers us a strong suggestion of the connection with our ancestors that created (elements of) this landscape in the past, and it makes us more or less conscious of both cultural change and continuity in the course of the centuries. Therefore, the historic urban landscape, as it exists, has to be treated with care and respect. And therefore it also deserves to be studied, and if possible, explained. That is what this study is mainly about.

The greatest part of urban space in Europe has been created since the industrial revolution, which, depending on the region, generally took place in the late 18th to early 20th century. The general development of the strong urbanisation in this period is relatively well known to us. But many, or probably even most, of the towns and cities that presently exist have originally been created in the period of about the 12th to 14th centuries. In this period there was also a high degree of urbanisation, which is quite well-known as a general fact, but relatively little is known of what precisely happened.

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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; The relationship between urbanism and fundamentalism is a very complex one. This book explores how the dynamics of different forms of religious fundamentalisms are produced, represented, and practiced in the city. It attempts to establish a relationship between two important phenomena: the historic transition of the majority of the world&amp;rsquo;s population from a rural to an urban existence; and the robust resurgence of religion as a major force in the shaping of contemporary life in many parts of the world.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Employing a transnational interrogation anchored in specific geographic regions, the contributors to this volume explore the intellectual and practical challenges posed by fundamentalist groups, movements, and organizations. They focus on how certain ultra religious practices of Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism have contributed to the remaking of global urban space. Their work suggests that it is a grave oversimplification to view religious orthodoxies or doctrines as the main cause of urban terrorism or violence. Instead they argue that such phenomena should be understood as a particular manifestation of modernity&amp;rsquo;s struggles.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; AlSayyad and Massoumi&amp;rsquo;s book provides fascinating reading for those interested in religion and the city, with thought provoking pieces from experts in anthropology, geography sociology, religious studies, and urban studies.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;b&gt;Contents : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Part 1: Fundamentalisms: Between City and Nation &lt;br /&gt; The Fundamentalist City? - Nezar AlSayyad &lt;br /&gt; Why in the City? Explaining Urban Fundamentalism - Inger Furseth &lt;br /&gt; The Civility of Inegalitarian Citizenships - James Holston &lt;br /&gt; Part 2: Fundamentalisms and Urbanism &lt;br /&gt; American National Identity, the Rise of the Modern City, and the Birth of Protestant Fundamentalism - Rhys Williams &lt;br /&gt; Producing and Contesting the &amp;quot;Communalized City&amp;quot;: Hindutva Politics and Urban Space in Ahmedabad, India - Renu Desai &lt;br /&gt; On Religiosity and Spatiality: Lessons from Hezbollah in Beirut - Mona Harb &lt;br /&gt; Hamas in Gaza Refugee Camps: The Construction of Trapped Spaces for the Survival of Fundamentalism - Francesca Giovannini  &lt;br /&gt; Part 3: Identity, Tradition, and Fundamentalisms &lt;br /&gt; Abraham&amp;rsquo;s Urban Footsteps: Political Geography and Religious Radicalism in Israel/Palestine -  Oren Yiftachel and Batya Roded &lt;br /&gt; Fundamentalism at the Urban Frontier: the Taliban in Peshawar - Mejgan Massoumi &lt;br /&gt; Taking the (Inner) City for God: Ambiguities of Urban Social Engagement among Conservative White Evangelicals - Omri Elisha &lt;br /&gt; Postsecular Urbanisms: Situating Delhi within the Rhetorical Landscape of Hindutva - Mrinalini Rajagopalan  &lt;br /&gt; Excluding and Including the &amp;quot;Other&amp;quot; in the Global City: Religious Mission among Muslim and Catholic Migrants in London - John Eade&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;b&gt;Nezar AlSayyad&lt;/b&gt; is Professor of Architecture, Planning, and Urban History and Chair of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of California, Berkeley.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Mejgan Massoumi&lt;/b&gt; is an urban planner and manager at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of California, Berkeley.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
This publication is the outcome of a symposium held at UC Berkeley in February 2007, organized by the Center for Global Metropolitan Studies at the Institute of Urban and Regional Development, UC Berkeley. It brought together urban and regional planners, architects, engineers, developers, artists, and academics to examine the perspectives of a largely underrepresented topic: shrinking cities.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Future of Shrinking Cities: Problems, Patterns, and Strategies of Urban Transformation in a Global Context presents research carried out under the aegis of the Shrinking Cities International Research Network (SCiRN) and &amp;ndash; in addition &amp;ndash; selected case studies from the United States. The purpose of the publication is to encourage and inform discussion to improve the quality of life in shrinking cities. The authors identify and examine critical projects and issues in shrinking cities and present lessons learned from relevant projects and experiences in the US and abroad. The comparative approach to shrinking cities, incorporating a wide range of case studies in order to widen the debate, is both unique and innovative.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The shrinking city phenomenon is a multidimensional process, comprising cities, parts of cities, or entire metropolitan areas that have experienced dramatic decline in their economic and social bases. Thus, urban shrinkage is often a challenge on the wide scale of metropolitan regions and requires policy-makers to redefine traditional paths of regional governance. Urban decline and the loss of employment opportunities are closely linked in a downward spiral, leading to an out-migration of population.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The joint work places shrinking cities in a global perspective, setting the context for in-depth comparisons of selected cities considering specific social, economic, environmental, cultural, and land-use issues. Especially in the United States, planning practice is to a large extent concentrated on either managing urban growth or tackling redevelopment in a fragmented &amp;ndash; not a regional &amp;ndash; way, despite the fact that in many metropolitan regions urban shrinkage reaches beyond individual cities. In this regard, the papers will help initiate a redefinition of regional governance in the U.S. and also in the other participating countries via comparative research on shrinking cities.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Contents : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Introduction - Karina Pallagst and Jasmin Aber&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I What are the Problems of Shrinking Cities? Lessons Learned from an International Comparison :&lt;br /&gt;
Thorsten Wiechmann - Conversion Strategies under Uncertainty in Post-Socialist Shrinking Cities:  The Example of Dresden in Eastern Germany&lt;br /&gt;
Emmanu&amp;egrave;le Cunningham-Sabot and Sylvie Fol - Shrinking Cities in France and Great Britain: A Silent Process?&lt;br /&gt;
Cristina Martinez-Fernandez and Chung-Tong Wu - Shrinking Cities: A Global Overview and Concerns about Australian Mining Cities Cases&lt;br /&gt;
Hans Harms - Changes on the Waterfront - Transforming Harbor Areas&lt;br /&gt;
Sergio Moraes - Inequality and Urban Shrinkage - a Close Relationship in Latin America&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
II Kicking Off the Shrinking Cities Debate in North America :&lt;br /&gt;
Robert Beauregard - Shrinking Cities in the United States in Historical Perspective: A Research Note&lt;br /&gt;
Ivonne Audirac - Urban Shrinkage and Fast Metropolitan Growth (Two Faces of Contemporary &lt;br /&gt;
Urbanism)&lt;br /&gt;
Karina Pallagst - Shrinking Cities in the United States of America: Three Cases, Three Planning Stories&lt;br /&gt;
David Leadbeater - Single-industry Resource Communities, &amp;ldquo;Shrinking,&amp;rdquo; and the New Crisis of &lt;br /&gt;
Hinterland Economic Development&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
III Creative Approaches of Revitalizing Shrinking Cities :&lt;br /&gt;
Helen Mulligan - Environmental Policy Action: Comparative Importance in Differing Categories of Shrinking City&lt;br /&gt;
Jasmin Aber - The Creative Imperative in a Postindustrial Economy to Foster a More Sustainable Development in Shrinking Cities&lt;br /&gt;
Jose Vargas - Cerro de San Pedro: Grassroots Movements in Cooperation and Conflict to Stop a Living Community from Disappearing&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
IV Planning and Policy-Making for Shrinking Cities : &lt;br /&gt;
Rollin Stanley - e = m c2   The Relative City&lt;br /&gt;
Teresa Gillotti and Daniel Kildee - Land Banks as Revitalization Tools: The Example of Genesee County and the City of Flint, Michigan&lt;br /&gt;
Joseph Schilling - Blueprint Buffalo&amp;mdash;Using Green Infrastructure to Reclaim America&amp;rsquo;s Shrinking Cities&lt;br /&gt;
Gabi Troeger-Wei&amp;szlig; and Hans-J&amp;ouml;rg Domhardt - Germany&amp;rsquo;s Shrinkage on a Small Town Scale&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Islington, Docklands, Clapham and East London have all experienced huge changes in recent years through social and aesthetic 'makeovers' as areas have been regenerated and wealthier residents have moved in. Gentrification has its supporters as well as its opponents. It can bring wealth, social and environmental improvements, but it can also displace or exclude communities and bring small businesses to ruin. This discussion looks at the impact of gentrification on the demographics and shape of London, as well as the winners and losers. The speakers included Professor &lt;b&gt;Chris Hamnett&lt;/b&gt; (King's College, London), &lt;b&gt;Tom Hunter&lt;/b&gt; (photographer) and &lt;b&gt;David Partridge &lt;/b&gt;(Joint Chief Executive, Argent). Event curated and chaired by &lt;b&gt;Robert Elms &lt;/b&gt;(award-winning writer and broadcaster).&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>Despite half a century of regional policy and recently massive rises in unemployment levels, the basic geographical pattern of regional problems in the United Kingdom remains, albeit with modifications. However, during the 1980 s, major job losses occured not only in the north (excluding northern Scotland) and in the big industrial conurbations, as before, but also in «small town England» and all occupational types are now affected. Besides working age population continues to increase rapidly. The geography of unemployment is studied at three levels : regional level (the south of the country is generally better off but there is no clear latitudinal division); local labour markets; micro ward level. Government policies have reacted to rising unemployment in a very haphazard fashion.</text>
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                <text>La géographie du chômage au Royaume-Uni dans les années 80. 
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                <text>Langlois, André. Supervisor</text>
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                <text>In recent years, within the fields of urban geography and urban studies, increasing attention has been paid to the multidimensional concept of urban deprivation. The majority of work on this topic has focused on British and U.S. urban areas with less research directed at Canadian cities.

This project made a contribution to the Canadian literature by examining the nature and changing geography of urban deprivation in East Montréal (a section of the central city) and the Montréal Urban Community (MUC) between 1986 and 1996. Essentially, Montréal contains a number of the city's poorest and most disadvantaged neighbourhoods and as an industrial area was particularly hard hit by the effects of de-industrialization, economic restructuring and recessions during the 1980s and 1990s.

The project proposed a model of urban deprivation change, which was applied to the study area to examine its complex and changing social and economic geography. Fourteen indicators of urban deprivation were analyzed at the neighbourhood level (census tracts) in East Montréal and the MUC for three census years -- 1986, 1991, and 1996. A survey was also conducted in three selected neighbourhoods.

The study identified several key trends and findings. There was a significant spreading of urban deprivation and decline during the study period from East Montréal to the remainder of the central city and to several inner suburban municipalities. However, deprivation and decline persisted within East Montréal in the troubled corridor south of Sherbrooke Street. Overall, worsening conditions were more evident during the 1991 to 1996 period compared to the previous five years (1986 to 1991). There was an increase in the level of deprivation among males, particularly with respect to unemployment and poverty. The survey revealed that the majority of respondents were satisfied with their neighbourhoods as a place to live. It also pointed to disparities between census and survey results and suggested that urban deprivation should be considered as more of a relative phenomenon.</text>
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                <text>urban geography, poverty, disadvantaged district, urban change, spatial analysis</text>
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                <text>The geography of urban deprivation change in East Montréal and the Montréal Urban Community : 1986-1996</text>
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                <text>, ghetto, banlieue, favela, centre-ville, quartier défavorisé, quartier dégradé, pauvreté, bidonville, ségrégation résidentielle, sociologie urbaine, Hutchison Ray, Haynes Bruce D.</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Too often the term &amp;ldquo;ghetto&amp;rdquo; is simply applied to any African American community, to the inner city as a whole, or recently to anything that is degraded or unrefined. But what is a ghetto? Does it arise organically from cities, or is it a consequence of social conflict and government policy? Are the banlieues, barrios, favelas, shantytowns, and slums of Europe, South America, and other continents similar to the American ghetto?&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; The Ghetto invites us to reexamine our assumptions by addressing these and other critical questions. Concise, original essays from top scholars around the world clearly describe essential arguments and discoveries, making the current discussion of marginalized urban spaces accessible for all readers and students of urban studies and sociology.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;b&gt;Contents : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Bruce D. Haynes and Ray Hutchison - Introduction&lt;/div&gt; Lo&amp;iuml;c Wacquant - A Janus-faced institution of ethnoracial closure : A sociological specification of the ghetto&lt;/div&gt; Peter Marcuse - De-spatialization and de-ghettoization : The future of the U.S. ghetto&lt;/div&gt; Elijah Anderson - The iconic ghetto&lt;/div&gt; Nikki Jones and Christina Jackson - &amp;quot;You just don't go down there&amp;quot; : Learning to avoid the ghetto in San Francisco&lt;/div&gt; Bruce D. Haynes - In terms of Harlem&lt;/div&gt; Sharon Zukin - The Spike Lee effect : Reimagining the ghetto for cultural consumption&lt;/div&gt; Ernesto Caste&amp;ntilde;ada - Places of stigma : Ghettos, barrios, and banlieues&lt;/div&gt; Alan Gilbert - On the absence of ghettos in Latin American cities&lt;/div&gt; Brasilmar Ferreira Nunes and Leticia Veloso - Divided cities : Rethinking the ghetto in light of the Brazilian favela&lt;/div&gt; AbdouMaliq Simone - Demonstrations at work : Some notes from urban Africa&lt;/div&gt; Michel Agier - From refuge the ghetto is born : Contemporary figures of heterotopias&lt;/div&gt; Ray Hutchison - Where is the Chicago ghetto?&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;b&gt;Ray Hutchison &lt;/b&gt;is professor of sociology and chair of urban and regional studies at the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay. &lt;br /&gt; &lt;b&gt;Bruce D. Haynes&lt;/b&gt; is associate professor of sociology at the University of California, Davis.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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