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                <text>Mexico - Mérida</text>
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                <text>Rebotier, Julien</text>
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                <text>I want to enhance a social and political geography of risks and the environment. Therefore, I will present a politicized and contextualized approach of risk issues I wish I could implement in next fieldworks. “Politicized”, because of the power relations and the socially rooted causes I want to highlight. “Contextualized”, because of the relations that must be assessed within socio-ecological systems (both social and biophysical), over time and across scales. Such encompassing framework stems from a personal research training process, still ongoing process, which is familiar to French-speaking, Latin-American and North-American literature on risks, and particularly on risks as social constructions. This framework allows addressing socially and politically oriented challenges related with a transformed environment, the “second nature”, a “humanized nature”, without ignoring the “first nature” and the necessity of biophysical laws.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/56/82/09/PDF/Rebotier_Mexico.pdf</text>
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                <text>RED SOBRE RIESGOY VULNERABILIDAD: ESTRATEGIAS SOCIALES DE PREVENCIÓN Y ADAPTACIÓN</text>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>Réseau</text>
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                <text>The politics of risks: justice, discourses and contexts in risk assessment</text>
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                  <text>Métropoles</text>
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                  <text>Métropoles se veut le carrefour des travaux scientifiques issus de la plupart des disciplines en sciences sociales qui s’intéressent au fait urbain et métropolitain. Cette revue thématique souhaite présenter à la communauté académique internationale les travaux les plus significatifs et originaux issus soit des disciplines s’intéressant traditionnellement à la ville comme la géographie, la sociologie, la science politique ou l’économie, soit des disciplines qui interrogent le fait urbain depuis moins longtemps comme l’histoire  et le droit. Elle accueille les travaux produits au croisement des disciplines comme ceux de l’urbanisme, de l’aménagement ou du « planning ». Elle publie des articles en français et en anglais.</text>
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                <text>Galviz, Carlos López</text>
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                <text>Using electricity in railway operation became a real option towards the end of the nineteenth century. Cities were, generally, the main recipients and instigators of its introduction as the new technology was to help alleviate the often insufficient provision of means of urban transport. Its introduction, however, was largely dependent on the political and business cultures inherent in the specific context of each city. In London, competition and the business interests were a fundamental part of the process while, in Paris, the definition of a collective interest constituted one of the most significant conditions prior to the execution of any plan. In this contribution, I will look at the way in which the polities of the English and French capitals determined how the conception and operation of a particular means of urban transport, the city railway, were transformed by electricity. In so doing, I will provide a characterisation of the extent to which the adoption of a new technology of transport was both a result and an important part of the process of transforming London and Paris into modern constructs. </text>
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                <text>http://metropoles.revues.org/3920</text>
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                <text>comparative metropolitan history</text>
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                <text>electricity</text>
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                <text>fin de siècle technologies</text>
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                <text>The polities of a new technology : Electricity and the city railway in London and Paris, c.1880-1910</text>
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                <text>Halbert, Ludovic</text>
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                <text>2006</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This paper highlights how, in the Paris metropolitan region's case, two polycentric spatial planning policies at national and regional levels incidentally prevented the development of a polycentric Mega-City-Region. The national policy aiming to reduce economic imbalances in the French territory has failed to promote a coherent Bassin Parisien system. At the same time, polycentric planning within the Paris-Ile-de-France region restricted the economic and urban growth to the adjacent new towns. This resulted in the reinforcement of the Paris agglomeration, thus limiting further integration of surrounding FURs in a polycentric Mega-City-Region that never existed.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00125909</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/59/09/PDF/Halbert_2006_Built_Environment_Paris.pdf</text>
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                <text>ENG</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522151">
                <text>Built Environment</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522152">
                <text>ISSN:0263-7960</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>Paris metropolitan region</text>
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                <text>polycentricity</text>
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                <text>spatial planning</text>
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                <text>competing scales</text>
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                <text>The Polycentric City Region That Never Was.</text>
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                <text>Halbert, Ludovic</text>
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                <text>What is the importance of business services decentralization in a Parisian metropolitan region known for its inherited monocentricity? Using revised statistical and cartographic methodological tools, I try to answer two debates: Is the new Parisian metropolitan economic geography one of dispersal or of polycentricity? Does decentralization mean the decline or the reinforcement of the economic core? &lt;br /&gt;If secondary suburban economic centers benefit from business services decentralization trends, Paris City's neighboring spaces such as the Inner western suburbs of La Défense and Boulogne-Billancourt are affected too. This paper intends to demonstrate that polycentricity is not opposite to the constitution of a new golden triangle within the dense part of the agglomeration. This means both that economic centrality still matters (thus questioning that dispersed cities is the twenty-first century's metropolitan archetype), and that an enlarged CBD (Core Business District) straddling Paris and the western Hauts-de-Seine département, is being reinforced (thus invalidating CBD decline theory). Thanks to the widening of the business district from Paris to La Défense, the labor market remains an integrated one; meanwhile, secondary economic centers in the Outer Suburbs tend to create fragmented sub-regional labor markets of their own.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00277943</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/27/79/43/PDF/Halbert_2004_Economic_Geography_Paris.pdf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522013">
                <text>Economic Geography</text>
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                <text>ISSN:0013-0095</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="522015">
                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>business services</text>
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                <text>economic decentralization</text>
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                <text>polycentricity</text>
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                <text>labor market sub-fragmentation</text>
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                <text>The polycentric city-region that never was: &lt;br /&gt;Paris agglomeration, Bassin parisien &lt;br /&gt;and spatial planning strategies in France</text>
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Jovis Verlag

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                <text>&lt;div&gt;For twenty years now, cities from Central Europe to Central Asia have seen revolutionary change. Following the collapse of socialism, their outward appearance, functional composition, and symbolic representation have been shattered and reassembled by new political forces and market economies. Yet, the legacy of socialist urban planning and imagination has neither just disappeared, nor did it come to coexist peacefully with the new. Rather, the story is one of conflict and hybridity, of replacement as well as of recodification. This volume explores such transformations from a variety of perspectives. Revealing a puzzling, heterogeneous vitality, the chapters contrast similarities with local specifics across half a hemisphere from Berlin to Astana. Authors include urban planners, architects, art and political historians, and literary theorists from across the region as well as from outside. Genres range from scholarly analysis to polemic essay, supported by rich visual material.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
available from the publisher&lt;/a&gt; (click on the 'Sample Pages' PDF file).&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Marina Dmitrieva &lt;/b&gt;and &lt;b&gt;Alfrun Kliems &lt;/b&gt;work at the University of Leipzig, Germany.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Jan Lin

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Routledge

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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
The Power of Ethnic Places discusses the growing visibility of ethnic heritage places in U.S. society. The book examines a spectrum of case studies of Chinese, Latino and African American communities in the U.S., disagreeing with any perceptions that the rise of ethnic enclaves and heritage places are harbingers of separatism or balkanization. Instead, the text argues that by better understanding the power and dynamics of ethnic enclaves and heritage places in our society, we as a society will be better prepared to harness the economic and cultural changes related to globalization rather than be hurt or divided by these same forces of economic and cultural restructuring.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Jan Lin &lt;/b&gt;is an Associate Professor in the Sociology Department at Occidental College, Los Angeles and co-editor of The urban sociology reader.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>In the past three decades, one of the major trends in metropolitan areas has been the substantial increase in the size of the suburban population. Until the most recent decade, blacks were not a significant part of this trend. In the decade of the 1960s more than 800,000 blacks moved from the central cities to suburban parts of metropolitan areas. While the black proportion of the total population did not change as a result of this movement, this is only because white out-migration continued at a high level.&#13;
&#13;
While there have been numerous studies of black mobility, and separately of blacks in the suburbs, there have been no systematic inquiries into the process by which this migration takes place. This thesis is an investigation of the process of black suburbanization. The hypothesis suggests that black suburbanization is a function of the level of black "effective demand". The thesis is organized around three elements to test this hypothesis. Who, among blacks move the the suburbs, what type of physical setting (housing and neighborhood) do they move to, and what pattern emerges in their settlement? Census data and case studies are the sources of data.</text>
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                <text>Reuben Ford</text>
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                <text>This paper develops the concept of residential strategis in explanation of housing and locational choice in old age. It argues that the forces which shape decisions to migrate in later life, particularly among the older elderly, are little understood. This deficiency is pertinent in the light of the key role played by housing and locational stress in the pathology of old age. The paper reports the preliminary finding of one of the first UK studies to seek to determine the residential decision-making process of elderly people, through original survey of their motivations and migration outcomes. The study found that although a high proportion of older age groups expressed an intention to stay put, far fewer than in younger age groups were willing to rule out the necessity of a future move. The results indicate a preponderance of housing preferences, social and family support nerworks over convential notions of locational amenity and convenience as motivations for residential adjustment in later life. The differential role of formal and informal advisers as sources of encouragement and of processes of negotiation withing households are also emphasised. Finally, a synopsis of theoretical and methodological implications for future research is presented.</text>
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                <text>Décider de migrer à un âge très avancé : les premiers résultats d'une enquête originale sur la population âgée du Sud-Est de l'Angleterre. 

Cet article développe le concept de stratégies résidentielles pour expliquer pourquoi, dans la vieillesse, on choisit telle ou telle région, tel ou tel logement. D affirme qu'on ne comprend pas bien ce qui provoque la décision, surtout chez les plus âgés, de migrer dans les dernières années. Comme les difficultés de logement et du milieu jouent un rôle clé dans la pathologie de la vieillesse, cette insuffisance doit être comblée. L'article présente les conclusions préliminaires des personnes âgées, à partir d'une enquête originale sur leurs motivations et leurs migrations. Il a été trouvé que, bien qu'une grande proportion des plus âgés à exclure la nécessité d'un déménagement futur. Les résultats indiquent que le logement et les raisons sociales et familiales motivent l'ajustement de résidence dans la vieillesse plus que les idées traditionnelles de commodité et d'environnement attrayant. Le jeu des conseillers officiels et non officiels comme source d'encouragement et les mécanismes de négociation au sein des ménages sont également soulignés. Enfin, on présente un précis des implications théoriques et méthodologiques pour de futures recherches.</text>
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                <text>Ford Reuben. The Process of Mobility Decision-making in Later Old Age: early findings from an original survey of elderly people in South East England. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1993-3. Les migrations de personnes âgées en Europe - Migration among the elderly in Europe. pp. 523-532.</text>
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Roy Lubove

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1962

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University of Pittsburgh Press 

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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Contents:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
1. The origins of tenement reform, 1830-1865&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
2. The tenement comes of age, 1866-1890&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
3. Jacob A. Riis: Portrait of a reformer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
4. The Tenement House Committee of 1894&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
5. Lawrence Veiller and the New York Tenement House Commission of 1900&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
6. The age of Veiller&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
7. The professional good neighbor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
8. Progressivism, planning and housing&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Appendices&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
The late &lt;b&gt;Roy Lubove &lt;/b&gt;was Professor of Social Welfare and History at the University of Pittsburgh.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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Kian Tajbakhsh

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2001

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University of California Press

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&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
The Promise of the City proposes a new theoretical framework for the study of cities and urban life. Finding the contemporary urban scene too complex to be captured by radical or conventional approaches, Kian Tajbakhsh offers a threefold, interdisciplinary approach linking agency, space, and structure. First, he says, urban identities cannot be understood through individualistic, communitarian, or class perspectives but rather through the shifting spectrum of cultural, political, and economic influences. Second, the layered, unfinished city spaces we inhabit and within which we create meaning are best represented not by the image of bounded physical spaces but rather by overlapping and shifting boundaries. And third, the macro forces shaping urban society include bureaucratic and governmental interventions not captured by a purely economic paradigm.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tajbakhsh examines these dimensions in the work of three major critical urban theorists of recent decades: Manuel Castells, David Harvey, and Ira Katznelson. He shows why the answers offered by Marxian urban theory to the questions of identity, space, and structure are unsatisfactory and why the perspectives of other intellectual traditions such as poststructuralism, feminism, Habermasian Critical Theory, and pragmatism can help us better understand the challenges facing contemporary cities.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Kian Tajbakhsh&lt;/b&gt; is Assistant Professor in the Urban Policy Analysis Department at the Robert J. Milano Graduate School of Management and Urban Policy, New School University.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>The aim of this work is to question the notion of space that underlies the claimed ‘spatial turn’ in geographical and social theory. Section 1 examines this theoretical literature, drawing heavily on Soja as the self declared taxonomist of the genre, and also seeks parallels with more populist texts on cities and space, to suggest, following Williams, that there is a new ‘structure of feeling’ towards space. Section 1 introduces two foundational concepts. The first, derived from Soja’s misunderstanding of Borges’ story The Aleph, argues for an ‘alephic vision’, an imposition of a de-materialized and revelatory understanding of space. This is related to the second, an ‘ecstatic vision’, which describes the tendency, illustrated through the work of Koolhaas and recent exhibitions on the experience of cities, to treat spatial and material experience in hyperbolic and hallucinatory terms. Section 2 offers a series of theoretical reconstructions which seek to draw out parallels between the work of key theorists of what I term the ‘respatialization’ literature (Harvey, Giddens, Foucault and Lefebvre) and the work of Hillier et al in the Space Syntax school. A series of empirical studies demonstrate that the approach to the material realm offered by Space Syntax is not only theoretically compatible but can also help to explain ‘real world’ phenomena. However, the elision with wider theoretical positions points to the need for a reworking of elements of Space Syntax, and steps towards this goal are offered in section 3. In the final ‘speculative epilogue’ I reopen the philosophical debates about the nature of space, deliberately suppressed from the beginning, and suggest that perhaps the apparent theoretical and empirical versatility of Space Syntax, based upon a configurational approach to space as a complex relational system, may offer an alternative approach to these enduring metaphysical debates.
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                <text>Shine and heat was my first impression of Dolavon, then the contrast of its canal: shadow and water where children play. An intense and pleasant contrast. The town offers the harmony shown by those places where human voracity has been somewhat curbed. It is not a perfect place, no. It is just a place where the ends have not lost sight of each other. This canal is the consequence of a long and tough learning of coexistance with the environment, wich started at the end of the 19th century when a handful of Welsh people and a Spanish storekeeper crowded together in a remote Patagonic spot. This was how, from a small mail office, a general store and a willpower that verged on stubbornness, a town would be born, Dolavon: the "Bend of the River". Providing services to travellers between the valley and the plateau provided sufficient resources and incentives to consolidate the settlement, wich would later include a smithy and a bakery. Meanwhile irrigation companies where created in the area that multiplied the results of the learning about how to sow on a territory with scarce precipitations. Through generations the valley was dyed green... and with the crops also grew its population. In this city located in the Province of Chubut, part of the Argentinian Patagonia, about 3,500 people coexist today. Old small farms were divided into lots to create Dolavon's urban zone, which responds to those actions instead of a planned layout. The railroad, that today is just a scar on the ground -by far shallower than that left by the dismantling of most of the country's railroad infrastructure in the national spirit of the Argentineans-, constituted one of its limits; the canal naturally became the axis of the urbanization. Aproximately sixty years before the first settlers arrived to Dolavon, a few hundred kilometers away from Wales, an Englishman, William Forster LLoyd, described the situation of common pasture grounds where individual incentives created disgrace for everyone involved. The idea that structures this writing is to find some parallels between that story and Dolavon's present, and to explore the options that new knowledge makes available to us to avoid that tragedy from repeating itself.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00534215</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="479431">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/53/42/15/PDF/salerno09-gurman-en.pdf</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="479432">
                <text>ENG</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="479433">
                <text>Conference proceedings " Territorial intelligence and culture of development "</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="479434">
                <text>8th International Conference of Territorial Intelligence. ENTI. November, 4th - 7th 2009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="479435">
                <text>[SHS:HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="479436">
                <text>Territorial intelligence</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="479437">
                <text>urban planning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="479438">
                <text>ecological economics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="479439">
                <text>sustainable development</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="479440">
                <text>quality of life</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="479441">
                <text>The redemption of the commons. Contributions to urban planning from territorial intelligence and ecological economics.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="479442">
                <text>conference proceeding</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644238">
                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text/>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194517">
                <text>Penn, Alan. Supervisor</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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                <text>Desyllas, Jake</text>
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                <text>2000</text>
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                <text>This thesis presents a study of the influence of urban street configuration on the pattern of commercial office rents in Berlin. The hypothesis is that there is a relationship between the two, and that the alteration of the street network with reunification has precipitated a spatial reorganisation of office rents.&#13;
&#13;
The identification of an independent spatial variable that can be used to account for the pattern of rent is a key problem in office rent studies. Unlike previously used distances to a point in the Central Business District (CBD) or other destinations, this study uses ‘space syntax’ measures of the morphology of the street network. ‘Global integration’ is used to measure the role of each street within the entire configuration, revealing fundamental changes in the spatial structure of Berlin both with the city’s historical development and with reunification.&#13;
&#13;
Whereas most previous office rent studies have used yearly average asking rents per building for a short period, a sample of 412 achieved rents over a 7 year period was collected to control for the influence of lease provisions and the effect of market change over time on rents. The spatial pattern of ‘location rents’ is investigated through visual representations using GIS. Significant variation from street to street and a marked rise from periphery to centre are found. Unlike previous studies, spatial changes over time were investigated: a marked shift in the pattern of rents from West Berlin to the East has occurred in the 7 years following reunification. This shift corresponds to the changing spatial structure of the city revealed in the spatial analysis.&#13;
&#13;
Multiple Regression Analysis (MRA) is used to quantify the importance of spatial variables (space syntax measures) in rent determination but also taking non-spatial variables (time, building quality, and lease provisions) into account. The main findings are that rents in West Berlin can be explained by the date of lease commencement (falling with the recession) and the global spatial integration as it was in divided Berlin. In East Berlin the global integration pattern of reunified Berlin is most important and secondly the date of lease commencement. Other variables such as floorspace and lease length are not found to have statistical significance. It is concluded that the change in Berlin’s spatial structure that occurred with reunification led to a spatial reorganisation of prime office rents from the West Berlin CBD into the former East Berlin district of Mitte. It is argued that ‘location value’ will be an emergent property of any spatial system because a differentiated potential for co-presence is created.</text>
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                <text>http://www.intelligentspace.com/news/desyllasthesis.htm</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="194522">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/1052</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/a6bf31cdda86d6f86e0ad64883e03f45.jpg</text>
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                <text>en</text>
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                <text>University College London</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>street, street network, urban form, rent, urban morphology, space syntax, commerce, Berlin, urban space</text>
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                <text>The relationship between urban street configuration and office rent patterns in Berlin</text>
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