524 20 11648 https://crevilles.org/files/original/9352e0aa944e7314f28d6a6e5cba6c6b.jpg 896b331e5f4cb04832798bb7bbeb0cd5 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 213 Width 160 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Théories - Pratiques Subject The topic of the resource urbanisme, théories, planification, aménagement, politique urbaine, politique publique Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Juin 2010 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Urbanisme Description An account of the resource <div>Le numéro 372 de Mai-Juin 2010 de la revue Urbanisme consacre un dossier au thème "Théories - Pratiques".</div>  </div> <b>Extrait de l'éditorial du dossier, par Thierry Paquot :</b><br /> <br /> Depuis l’apparition du mot, dans diverses langues, l’urbanisme s’est voulu “scientifique”, puis “esthétique”, enfin “planificateur” ou “libéral”. Les régimes autoritaires (le fascisme italien, le nazisme, le stalinisme…) ont favorisé un urbanisme monumental et zoné, quand, au même moment, les démocraties acceptaient un urbanisme de promotion privée, au nom de la liberté ou plus exactement du libéralisme… Certaines en faisant une affaire d’État, comme en France.<br /> <br /> Depuis une trentaine d’années, coexistent un urbanisme administratif et un urbanisme “alternatif”. Ce dernier offre un éventail de démarches de plus en plus large (le slow town, le New Urbanism, les “villes en transitions”, les “éco-quartiers”, etc.), qui cherchent à concilier économie d’énergie-rapport à la nature-qualité de vie. L’urbanisme se situe à la croisée des chemins, soit il n’est qu’un prétexte “technique” et “juridique” pour justifier le laisser-faire, soit il se renouvelle en affirmant ses convictions, c’est-à-dire en combinant l’urbanisme de l’accueillance, l’urbanisme chronotopique et l’urbanisme participatif. Rien n’est encore joué !<br /> <br /> <b>Sommaire du dossier :</b><br /> <br /> • Théories-Pratiques<br /> • Le praticien réflexif et le théoricien activiste<br /> • L’urbanisme comme &oelig;uvre<br /> • De la planification urbaine à l’urbanisme stratégique<br /> • Pistes prospectives pour un urbanisme en milieu rural<br /> • Les agences d’urbanisme, entre technique et politique<br /> • L’urbaniste ? Un ajusteur de distances<br /> • À l’écoute de la ville vive...<br /> • Polis, police, politique : ré-enchanter l’urbanisme ?<br /> • Design urbain à la française<br /> • Qu’est-ce que l’urbanisme ?<br /> • Urbanisme hérité, spontané, globalisé ? Les modèles à l’ère de la mondialisation<br /> • Grande-Bretagne : design guide et design code<br /> • Points de vue (in extenso)<br /> • “Guérir la ville”<br /> • La fin du XXe siècle<br /> • Aux États-Unis, l’“urbanisme” reste à inventer</div>  </div> Type The nature or genre of the resource Revue https://crevilles.org/files/original/9b13a0b790892729367427a6ede9e22b.jpg 62df84764fbf2c717c2590101d6724de Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 427 Width 300 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Livre Type de contenu : livres Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource There Goes the Gayborhood? Subject The topic of the resource San Francisco, homosexualité, gender studies, quartiers gay, minorités sexuelles Description An account of the resource Gay neighborhoods, like the legendary Castro District in San Francisco and New York’s Greenwich Village, have long provided sexual minorities with safe havens in an often unsafe world. But as our society increasingly accepts gays and lesbians into the mainstream, are “gayborhoods” destined to disappear? Amin Ghaziani provides an incisive look at the origins of these unique cultural enclaves, the reasons why they are changing today, and their prospects for the future. Drawing on a wealth of evidence--including census data, opinion polls, hundreds of newspaper reports from across the United States, and more than one hundred original interviews with residents in Chicago, one of the most paradigmatic cities in America--There Goes the Gayborhood? argues that political gains and societal acceptance are allowing gays and lesbians to imagine expansive possibilities for a life beyond the gayborhood. The dawn of a new post-gay era is altering the character and composition of existing enclaves across the country, but the spirit of integration can coexist alongside the celebration of differences in subtle and sometimes surprising ways. Exploring the intimate relationship between sexuality and the city, this cutting-edge book reveals how gayborhoods, like the cities that surround them, are organic and continually evolving places. Gayborhoods have nurtured sexual minorities throughout the twentieth century and, despite the unstoppable forces of flux, will remain resonant and revelatory features of urban life. Amin Ghaziani is associate professor of sociology at the University of British Columbia. He is the author of The Dividends of Dissent: How Conflict and Culture Work in Lesbian and Gay Marches on Washington. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Amin Ghaziani Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10211.html Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Princeton University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 360 Language A language of the resource EN Type The nature or genre of the resource Ouvrage gender studies homosexualité minorités sexuelles quartiers gay San Francisco Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Autres serveurs Description An account of the resource Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Graafland, A. Promotor Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bracken, Gregory Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009 Description An account of the resource This work is an investigation into Shanghai’s role in the twenty-first century as it attempts to rejoin the global city network. It also examines the effects this move is having on the city, its people, and its public spaces. Shanghai’s intention to turn itself into the New York of Asia is not succeeding, in fact the city might be better trying to become the Chicago of Asia instead. As one of Saskia Sassen’s ‘global cities’ Shanghai functions as part of a network that requires face-to-face contact, but it has also been able to benefit from links that were forged during the colonial era (1842 to c.1949). In fact, the new global elites who have made cities like Shanghai their home have ended up living much like former ones; with the result that their needs are pushing out the very people who used to call this city ‘home’. These are the people who inhabit what Manuel Castells calls the ‘Fourth World’ (what this research refers to as the ‘analogue archipelago’). Manuel Castells’s notion of the ‘network society’ also shows how recent developments in globalisation have resulted in qualitative social and economic changes because they operate in real time. Globalisation, however, does not necessarily mean Westernisation. In fact, there is a strong neo-Confucian ethos underpinning China’s recent resurgence, which in turn has important ramifications for how Chinese people perceive public space. Shanghai’s new public space is curiously dead – and while Asians tend to blur distinctions between public and private more than we do in the West (which can render these spaces harder to read for Westerners) – the fault lies more with the fact that some of Shanghai’s new public spaces are simply ‘left-over’ spaces, particularly in front of the newer skyscrapers. This space has been designed for movement, not for use, and it contrasts starkly with the traditional alleyway houses of the colonial-era city where communal activity, graduated privacy, and organised complexity made for a rich and dynamic street life. Part II of this thesis deals with colonialism, noting how Shanghai has benefitted from its justly famous colonial history in its attempts to rejoin the global city network. Colonialism is carefully differentiated from imperialism, although it is noted that both were premised on industrial innovations, particularly Britain’s, in the nineteenth century. Part II also examines Hong Kong’s and Singapore’s role in the global city network, the better to understand Shanghai; and a useful comparison has been made between Shanghai’s alleyway houses and the Singapore shophouse with regard to public space and the possibilities for rehabilitation and reuse. Part III is perhaps the most important section of this thesis, particularly its use of Michel Foucault’s theories of space and power relations and how these are inscribed in a built environment. This Part also highlights the use that has been made of Foucault’s work by other academics, notably Edward W. Said in Orientalism. Said saw some good things as having resulted from Western hegemony over that part of the world he defines as the Orient but generally tends to regard imperialistic influence as debilitating and dangerous. Use has also been made of some critics of Said’s work, notably Robert Irwin and Ibn Warraq, who maintain that Said overvalued the role of the intellectual, and, more dangerously, misunderstood the Foucauldian notion of discourse, which is what led him to make some of his most damaging statements about European racism against the Orient. By way of contrast, David Grahame Shane’s application of the Foucauldian notion of the heterotopia – to Hong Kong’s Kowloon Walled City – is an apposite and accurate use of one of Foucault’s theories. Part IV examines China’s rich and ancient culture, noting as it does so that cultures are constructed, and, more importantly, asking how they are constructed. Manuel Castells sees the construction of identities as using materials from history, geography, biology, productive and reproductive institutions, as well as from collective memory and personal fantasies, and even from power apparatuses and religious revelation; this thesis’s examination of the Chinese mentalité is an important exercise in helping to comprehend what is happening in Shanghai today. Cities are not about buildings and streets; cities are about people, and their networks of interaction. Any study of a city must take account of the warm life of its inhabitants and not allow itself to be blinded by the cold geometries of stone. This examination of what has gone wrong with Shanghai’s new public spaces was greatly aided by an understanding of the Chinese language itself, which in turn led to the conclusion that the Western term ‘public’ might be better transliterated into Chinese as chang (which means ‘open-air’) rather than the more usual gong (or ‘public’), especially when describing Shanghai’s new public space. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://repository.tudelft.nl/view/ir/uuid:2bceb450-3023-46bb-8a55-9425f4712000/ http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/889 http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/bfa25c417e0bbceeab31e9a4b54cbccd.jpg Language A language of the resource en Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available TU Delft Subject The topic of the resource globalisation, global city, networks, public space, Foucault Michel, network society, colonialism, urban culture, inhabitants, post-socialist city, metropolis Title A name given to the resource Thinking Shanghai : A Foucauldian interrogation of the postsocialist metropolis Type The nature or genre of the resource Thesis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Martin-Brelot, Helene Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006-01-06 Description An account of the resource Par la capacité de mise en réseau des lieux et des hommes, les technologies d'information et de communication (TIC) constituent des outils indispensables aux stratégies de développement territorial.<br />Une approche technique et historique des télécommunications, de l'audiovisuel et de l'informatique permet d'éclairer le phénomène de convergence numérique et d'identifier les obstacles à la diffusion spatiale des TIC. L'appropriation des TIC par différents types d'usagers, individuels ou collectifs, devient l'enjeu principal des politiques visant à réduire la fracture numérique. Les innovations matérielles et réglementaires contribuent en effet à réduire l'écart entre les territoires connectés et les autres. <br />Pôle économique et technologique majeur de l'ouest parisien proche de Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines s'avère un terrain privilégié d'analyse de la relation territoire-communication. Construite en 30 ans dans le cadre d'une Opération d'intérêt national (1972-2002), la Ville Nouvelle s'apparente à un laboratoire d'urbanisme, d'architecture, d'intercommunalité et de participation citoyenne. Les étapes de la construction urbaine sont mises en relation avec les pratiques d'information et de communication qui ont marqué la géographie de ce territoire hétérogène, aujourd'hui en quête de cohésion et d'un projet participatif.<br />L'objectif d'évolution vers la ville durable, conciliant exigences écologiques, économiques et sociales nécessite un travail continu d'identification et de diffusion du patrimoine informationnel produit par les acteurs locaux. Cette hypothèse est confirmée par l'analyse d'une série de magazines sur l'environnement (2001-2004), Rhizome, produite et diffusée par la télévision locale TV FIL 78. La contribution de la chaîne à la construction de la territorialité saint-quentinoise passe par la promotion de liens durables entre les acteurs de l'environnement et par des synergies entre espaces physiques et virtuels de communication. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129026 http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/12/90/26/PDF/these_helenmartinbrelot.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography géographie urbaine audiovisuel environnement développement durable TIC innovation gouvernance Title A name given to the resource TIC ET TERRITOIRES LOCAUX DANS UNE PERSPECTIVE DE DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE. L'EXPERIENCE RHIZOME – TV FIL 78 – SAINT-QUENTIN-EN-YVELINES Type The nature or genre of the resource PhD thesis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multimédia Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Sound A resource whose content is primarily intended to be rendered as audio. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tied up in Tehran : Women, social change and the politics of daily life Subject The topic of the resource , urbanité, usage de la ville, identité, women, femmes, genre, gender, mutation sociale, politique de la ville, espace urbain, Tehran, Téhéran, Moruzzi Norma Claire Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 19 January 2010 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Norma Claire Moruzzi Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://www.uic.edu/cuppa/gci/whatwedo/eventsarchive/events0910/2010moruzzi.shtml Description An account of the resource <div><b>Abstract from the distributor : </b></div>  </div> Utilizing an interdisciplinary approach and based on extensive field work experience, the book project Tied Up in Tehran addresses one of the key paradoxes of contemporary Iran: women’s fragmented experiences of shaping a modern, urban identity in a postrevolutionary state that has explicitly Islamicized public institutions, space, and rhetoric, while also providing the conditions to enable women to emerge from the traditional private realm and engage actively as social and political agents. Although immediately after the 1979 Revolution the Iranian state tried to enforce a domestic, private, and religiously-defined traditional role for women, over subsequent decades both society and the state have become more accepting of women’s public participation in education, politics, and the workforce, and accustomed to their presence in mixed public spaces. Now, the argument in the Islamic Republic is not over whether women should be part of public life, it is over how they, and the youth of both sexes, should comport themselves as public and private citizens. In order to examine this gendered process of fundamental transformation within a highly politicized Muslim society and Islamic state, Tied Up in Tehran focuses on women’s public and private lives in the capital city, and the shifting dynamics of quotidian urban life: daily relations in the family, in the workplace, in the street, and on the body.</div>  </div> <b>Norma Claire Moruzzi </b>is Associate Professor of Political Science, Gender and Women's Studies, and History, and Director of the International Studies Program at the University of Illinois at Chicago.</div>  </div> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource espace urbain femmes gender genre identité Moruzzi Norma Claire mutation sociale politique de la ville Téhéran Tehran urbanité usage de la ville women Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gusdorf, Francois Hallegatte, Stephane Lahellec, Alain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-08-07 Description An account of the resource To analyze the response of cities to urban policies or transportation shocks, describing a succession of stationary states is not enough, and urban dynamics should be taken into account. To do so, the urban economics model NEDUM is proposed. This model reproduces the evolution of a monocentric city in continous time and captures the interaction between household moves, changes in at sizes, rent levels, and density of housing service supply. NEDUM allows, therefore, for a temporal and spatialized analysis of urban transitions. Applied to climate policies, this model suggests that the implementation of a transportation tax causes a larger welfare loss than can be inferred from traditional models. Moreover, such a tax increases signi cantly inequalities if its implementation is not anticipated enough. According to these results, therefore, smooth and early implementation paths of climate policies should be favored over delayed and aggressive action. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00522404 http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/52/24/04/PDF/Time_and_Space_Matter-2_1_.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances [SDE:ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society City Housing Transportation Title A name given to the resource Time and space matter: how urban transitions create inequality Type The nature or genre of the resource preprint https://crevilles.org/files/original/97b15742c9632b8ee91abc13f4852f20.jpg e891c20ee6b898e674df969b80f5fea5 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 223 Width 160 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Livre Type de contenu : livres Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Time and the suburbs: The politics of built environments and the future of dissent Subject The topic of the resource , périphéries, périurbain, banlieue, pavillonnaire, développement urbain, politique urbaine, mouvement social, Quinby Rohan Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rohan Quinby Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arbeiter Ring Publishing Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 152 Description An account of the resource <div><b>Abstract from the publisher:</b></div>  </div> By combining provocative prose with photo-essay, Time and the Suburbs explores the disappearance of cities in North America under the weight of suburban, exurban, and other forms of development that are changing the way we live and do politics. Drawing on social theory from Henri Lefebvre and Guy Debord to Antonio Negri, this book reconceptualizes the tasks facing activists and social movements. This is both a provocative essay and introduction to important social theory for anyone interested in cites and urban development.</div>  </div> <b>Rohan Quinby</b> is a freelance writer, editor, and photographer living in Nashville, Tennessee. He has published essays on travel and urbanism and has a postgraduate degree in Public Policy from Massey University in New Zealand.</div>  </div> Type The nature or genre of the resource Ouvrage banlieue développement urbain mouvement social pavillonnaire périphéries périurbain politique urbaine Quinby Rohan https://crevilles.org/files/original/4655b4bdbaaa0a52a04adfe6e41d4971.jpg f4f2b98e71af132233372c076d74ccee Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 115 Width 140 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multimédia Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tipping points in urban change: Modern perspectives on agents of urbanization Subject The topic of the resource modernisation, mutation urbaine, histoire urbaine, économie, Seoul, Detroit, aménagement urbain Description An account of the resource This symposium considered the similarities and differences in the histories of urban modernization in cities during the late 19th through the early 21st century—with a look at global cities now under construction or in the planning stages. The particular focus was on the composition of elites, local versus international economic and political agendas, and the science and technologies involved. - Robert H. Kargon, Ph.D. is Willis K. Shepard Professor of the History of Science at The Johns Hopkins University - Marixa Lasso, Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Latin American History at Case Western Reserve University - Robert Fishman, Ph.D. is Professor of Architecture and Urban Planning at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor - Peter G. Rowe is Raymond Garbe Professor of Architecture and Urban Design University Distinguished Service Professorat the Graduate School of Design, Harvard University Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert H. Kargon Marixa Lasso Robert Fishman Peter G. Rowe Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available UChannel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2010-03-25 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 54:17 Language A language of the resource EN Type The nature or genre of the resource Vidéo Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6CloIA30ns aménagement urbain Détroit économie histoire urbaine modernisation mutation urbaine Seoul https://crevilles.org/files/original/ebb99fb6bdcbdab5ddbd59645842a0a3.jpg 1fa643112d69bad1205a147a434c9365 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 213 Width 140 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tiring mobilities Subject The topic of the resource , mobilité, déplacements, métropole, pénibilité, transport Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Collectif Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available NC Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://articulo.revues.org/1490 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Description An account of the resource <div><b>Sommaire :</b><br /> <br /> • Les mobilités éprouvantes. Regards sur les pénibilités des déplacements ordinaires (Tiring mobilities. A perspective on the difficulty of ordinary trips) - Christophe Enaux, Pierre Lannoy and Sébastien Lord<br /> <br /> • Les circulants entre métropoles européennes à l’épreuve de leurs mobilités. Une lecture temporelle, spatiale et sociale de la pénibilité (Circulating between European cities: A temporal, spatial and social reading of arduous mobility) - Hadrien Dubucs, Françoise Dureau, Matthieu Giroud, Christophe Imbert, Isabelle André-Poyaud and Françoise Bahoken<br /> <br /> • Déplacements d’accompagnement d’enfants en milieu urbain au Québec. Une expérience pénible ? (Chauffeuring Children in Quebec’s Urban Areas: An Arduous Experience?) - Marie-Hélène Vandersmissen <br /> <br /> • La mobilité comme accessibilité, dispositions et épreuve : trois paradigmes expliquant le caractère éprouvant des déplacements à Paris (Mobility as accessibility, dispositions and test: three paradigms explaining the difficult nature of displacements in Paris) - Nicolas Oppenchaim<br /> <br /> • Les professionnels mobiles à l’épreuve des radars automatiques. Une acceptation entre stress contenu et identités au travail bousculées. (Mobile professionals facing automatic radars. An acceptance between contained stress and shaken work identities) - Fabrice Hamelin and Chloé Eyssartier<br /> <br /> • Réorganisation d’un réseau de transport collectif urbain, ruptures de charge et mobilités éprouvantes à Bruxelles - (Reorganization of an urban public transport network, transfers and difficult journeys in Brussels) - Frédéric Dobruszkes, Michel Hubert, François Laporte and Caroline Veiders</div>  </div> Type The nature or genre of the resource Revue déplacements métropole mobilité pénibilité transport Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Espace Populations Sociétés Description An account of the resource www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource PERSEE Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 261-274 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Myriam Armand Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1988 Description An account of the resource La croissance de la ville d'Abidjan s'est accompagnée d'une diversification de la société urbaine. L'étude des structures révèle la complexité des liens tissés entre l'État et les différentes catégories de la société. Après avoir contribué à l'émergence d'une bourgeoisie urbaine en favorisant la constitution de rentes foncières, l'État, avec la récession et le ralentissement de la croissance de la ville a encouragé l'accès à la propriété des classes moyennes. C'est pourquoi après l'explosion de la construction de grand standing et de l'habitat sommaire (envers de la médaille) jusqu'au début des années 1980, on assiste à un rééquilibrage du paysage urbain avec la construction de lotissements modestes et la revalorisation de l'habitat traditionnel. Urban Landscape and Social Différenciation in Abidjan. The growth of Abidjan has brought about diversification in social strata and they are complex links between the Government and the different social groups. Until the early eighties, while favouring the creation of ground-rents, the governmental policy served the emergence of an urban bourgeoisie and, as a consequence, the boom of the high standing building sector (but also the development of shanty towns!). At present, with the economic recession and the slackening of the city growth, the authorities are helping the middle class access to property. That is why the urban landscape has found a new balance with the building of housing estates for low-income dwellers and the revitalization of traditional housing. Armand Myriam. Tissu urbain, tissu social : stratégies antagonistes d'occupation de l'espace à Abidjan. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1988-2. L'urbanisation en Afrique - Urbanization in Africa. pp. 261-274. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1988_num_6_2_1269 doi:10.3406/espos.1988.1269 Language A language of the resource fre Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available PERSEE Subject The topic of the resource Urbanization ; Abidjan ; Development strategies. ; rban society ; Urban différenciation ; Third world ; Ivory Coast Stratégies urbaines. ; Société urbaine ; Ségrégation sociale ; Tiers-monde ; Urbanisation ; Abidjan ; Côte d'Ivoire Title A name given to the resource Tissu urbain, tissu social : stratégies antagonistes d'occupation de l'espace à Abidjan Type The nature or genre of the resource article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Autres serveurs Description An account of the resource Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Non renseigné Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rozenblat, Céline Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Description An account of the resource Cet ouvrage résume 15 ans de recherches de l'auteur sur les systèmes urbains en Europe et en particulier leur rapport avec l'organisation des réseaux des entreprises multinationales Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://doc.rero.ch/search.py?recid=8547&ln=fr http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/324 http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/c2b1579f819fa62957f53d775fcb9c33.jpg Language A language of the resource Fr Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Université Paul Valéry - Montpellier III Subject The topic of the resource Europe, système urbain, entreprise multinationale Géographie Title A name given to the resource Tissus de villes : réseaux et systèmes urbains en Europe Type The nature or genre of the resource HDR Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Espaces et sociétés Description An account of the resource revue publiée par ERES Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource CAIRN Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 64 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vivant, Elsa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008 Description An account of the resource La culture est considérée aujourd'hui comme un élément de valorisation pour les villes européennes et des équipements culturels sont créés dans de nombreuses opérations urbaines. Ce modèle de revitalisation urbaine par la culture se diffuse dans d'autres villes du monde. Ainsi, un quartier culturel (Newtown) a été créé à Johannesburg (Afrique du sud). Dans ce contexte urbain, social, économique et politique si différent, la culture peut-elle jouer un rôle similaire ? Quels sont les objectifs d'une telle opération ? Ce projet correspond-il aux modes de vie et aux comportements de consommation des habitants ? Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=ESP_131_0049 Language A language of the resource fre Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Cairn Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Espaces et sociétés, n 131, 4, 2008-02-08, pp.49-66 Subject The topic of the resource Johannesburg culture équipement culturel revitalisation urbaine consommation Johannesburg culture cultural elements urban revitalization consumption Title A name given to the resource tL'instrumentalisation de la culture dans les politiques urbaines : un modèle d'action transposable ? Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Chicago United States Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Leheis, Stéphanie Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2008-07-07 Description An account of the resource The transport infrastructures have a double effect on territory. On one side it creates a link, to connect people but on an other side it consumes space, and can be an urban cut. It requires a reflexion on the potential integration of infrastructures, especially in urban area. Many researchs underline the efforts made to reconcile transport and town planning. In France since the 2000's, the creation of new tools (ex. SCOT) carry on this objective of cohesion and coordination between two policies (transport and habitat). It's one of the main challenge of urban planning.<br />The object of this paper is to consider, from a case of road infrastructure in urban area, how our ways of planning have evolved. Considering sustainability challenge, how to integrate a motorway in a densely populated district? How to develop a road project in the heart of an urban renovation project?<br />My hypothesis is that the oppositions and disconnections continue, in spite of a strong ambition from the actors implied in the project and despite the tools to connect transport and urban projects. In particular the conflicts are revealed by the question of funding. <br />This work is based on a case study: the L2 by-pass in Marseille. This highway link (not completed) is supposed to pass through the North districts. The road project must be an opportunity for a renovation of the poorest districts of Marseille. The timeline profile project and the stakeholders analysis were made from planning documents and interviews with most of the actors invovled in the project. <br />The result of this study shows that the ambitions of coordination are slowed down by a lack of means. Road project and urban project continue to be done separately and to advance according to different rhythms.<br />We will reconsider first the design of the road project, from an urban cut to an integrated and sustainable road. Then we will analyze the challenge raised by the articulation between road and urban projects, and the complexity which results. Finally we will try to explain the separate developments of the two projects. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00338170 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/33/81/70/PDF/LEHEIS_Colloque_AESOP_Chicago.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived ACSP/AESOP Joint Congress. Bridging the Divide: celebrating the city. Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management Transportation planning Road infrastructures By-pass project Marseille sociology of translation coordination of public policies Title A name given to the resource To rehabilitate the road or how to make of a road project an urban project. Ambitions and contradictions.<br />The case of Marseille. Type The nature or genre of the resource conference, seminar, workshop communication https://crevilles.org/files/original/3f05c05477b99961c1f8432372190a47.jpg eb39da330e67462c36004341371c2bde Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 240 Width 160 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Livre Type de contenu : livres Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource To the city : Urban photographs of the New Deal Subject The topic of the resource , photographie, urbanisation, histoire urbaine, New Deal, Nouvelle donne, twentieth century, vingtième siècle, États-Unis, United States, Foulkes Julia L. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Julia L. Foulkes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 2011 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Temple University Press Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 142 Description An account of the resource <div><b>Abstract from the publisher : </b></div>  </div> In the 1930s and 1940s, as the United States moved from a rural to an urban nation, the pull of the city was irrepressible. It was so strong that even a photographic mission designed to record the essence of rural America could not help but capture the energy of urbanization too. To the City showcases over 100 photographs from the Farm Security Administration (FSA) project along with extracts from the Works Progress Administration (WPA) guidebooks and oral histories, to convey the detail and dimensions of that transformation.<br /> <br /> This artfully grouped collection of photographs includes magnificent images by notable photographers Dorothea Lange, Walker Evans and Gordon Parks, among many others. Foulkes organizes this history of Americana into five themes: Intersection; Traffic; High Life and Low Life; The City in the Country; and Citizens to illuminate the changes in habits, landscapes, and aspirations that the march to cities encompassed.<br /> <br /> As the rural past holds symbolic sway and the suburb presents demographic force, the urban portion of our history—why and how cities have been a destination for hope—recedes from view. To the City is a thoughtful, engaging reminder.</div>  </div> <b>Julia L. Foulkes</b> is an Associate Professor of History at The New School.</div>  </div> Type The nature or genre of the resource Ouvrage États-Unis Foulkes Julia L. histoire urbaine New Deal Nouvelle donne photographie twentieth century United States urbanisation vingtième siècle Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Londres United Kingdom Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas, Rachel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005 Description An account of the resource Cities are built around the sense of sight, for those who can see. Since the XIXth century, and still today, this obviousness comes down through many work of literature and urban sociology about the mobility of the pedestrians in town. From Siegfried Kracauer to Georg Simmel, from Walter Benjamin to Lincoln A. Ryave and James N. Schenken, to walk in the city would almost exclusively request the visual attention of the pedestrian. But in all our towns and cities there are men and women, deprived of the sense of sight, going about their daily lives. How do people with impaired sight operate? What can we learn from them about the role of the senses in our cities and the process of getting about? Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00596831 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/59/68/31/PDF/2005_RT_COL_ToWalk.pdf Language A language of the resource ENG Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Annual conference Urban Sustainability : rethinking senses of place. London, 31 august - 2 september 2005 Annual conference Urban Sustainability : rethinking senses of place Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management Walk Senses Urban space Title A name given to the resource To walk as we listen to the city Type The nature or genre of the resource conference proceeding https://crevilles.org/files/original/759e6dea57d066c99d05d523b0222e50.jpg f313e8594b3e528a3077f05243e78ca5 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 112 Width 138 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multimédia Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Moving Image A series of visual representations that, when shown in succession, impart an impression of motion. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tokyo 1969 Subject The topic of the resource Japon, Tokyo, années soixante Description An account of the resource Un petit film nostalgique du Tokyo de la fin des années soixante. Ce film est libre de droits et téléchargeable en différentes résolutions sur le site de Internet Archive Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vince Collin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Internet Archive Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1969 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 00:02:23 Language A language of the resource EN Type The nature or genre of the resource Vidéo Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://www.archive.org/details/Tokyo1969 années soixante Collins Vince Japon Tokyo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Paris France Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Desbois, Henri Le Tourneau, François-Michel Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1999 Description An account of the resource L'espace périurbain japonais se distingue de ce que l'on observe en Europe ou aux États-Unis. La ville progresse en conservant dans son tissu même des éléments agro-ruraux. Nous utilisons ici un SIG réalisé pour deux quartiers de la commune de Toride, située dans la lointaine banlieue de Tokyo ; il permet de quantifier l'extension urbaine et de mieux en saisir le rythme depuis 1945. Il permet aussi de mettre en évidence le paysage très bigarré et, à certains égards, désordonné des grandes banlieues japonaises contemporaines. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00007074 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/05/15/61/PDF/Desbois_Le_Tourneau_Mappemonde_1999_3.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Mappemonde ISSN:0764-3470 Mappemonde Mappemonde Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography DESAKOTA JAPON PÉRIURBANISATION SYSTÈME D'INFORMATION GÉOGRAPHIQUE Title A name given to the resource Tokyo et les campagnes : la progression de la banlieue à Toride Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Archives ouvertes des études urbaines Description An account of the resource Collection of HAL papers Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource HAL Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Aveline, Natacha Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1997 Description An account of the resource Renonçant aux procédures d'expropriation ou de préemption, les Japonais ont mis au point diverses modalités plus consensuelles pour libérer les sols nécessaires à l'urbanisation. Dans le cas des restructurations urbaines, cela s'est traduit par une forte densification du bâti. A Tokyo, malgré un effort de cohérence et de revalorisation des paysages hérités, ont surtout prévalu les opérations ponctuelles de rénovation. Deux d'entre elles visent à confirmer son rôle de ville internationale et globale. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00393864 http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/39/38/64/PDF/Projets_Tokyo.pdf Language A language of the resource FRE Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Revue géographique de Lyon Subject The topic of the resource [SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography [SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management Rénovation urbaine aménagement Tokyo Title A name given to the resource Tokyo et ses projets urbains Type The nature or genre of the resource article in peer-reviewed journal https://crevilles.org/files/original/71837828bf208076ac6ab6c2478406f3.jpg 3ff8affb1411f5ada6df5db9ddc9462b Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 206 Width 160 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Livre Type de contenu : livres Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tokyo instantanés Subject The topic of the resource société urbaine, mode de vie, cadre de vie, Tokyo, Jolivet Muriel Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Muriel Jolivet Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 7 mars 2012 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Elytis Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 384 Description An account of the resource <div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>  </div> Les salons de beauté pour quatre pattes, le secret du bonheur, à quoi sert un mari, les maillots de bain flotteur, les herbivores s’habillent au rayon femmes... autant de thèmes abordés avec délectation par <b>Muriel Jolivet</b>, sociologue, chercheuse et enseignante, immergée dans la société japonaise depuis plus de trente ans.<br /> <br /> Convaincue que l’on apprend davantage sur une société en la regardant trier ses ordures qu’en élaborant sur elle des études quantitatives, Muriel Jolivet présente dans ce Tokyo Instantanés, un panorama des modes, des tendances, des déviances d’une société japonaise qui n’est ni meilleure, ni pire qu’une autre, mais dont les comportements nous sont encore mal connus. A la manière du Journal du dehors, d’Annie Ernaux, ce sont autant d’instantanés, vus, observés à la télévision, ou lus dans la presse, que Muriel Jolivet et ses étudiants ont consigné au fil des années pour nous donner à lire cette société que nous comprenons si mal.</div>  </div> Type The nature or genre of the resource Ouvrage cadre de vie Jolivet Muriel mode de vie société urbaine Tokyo https://crevilles.org/files/original/0f4c6a9026c420b9190ddc31b44b0efc.jpg 28a030f85398ea90bb787c6b0170edc5 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Height 224 Width 160 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Textes Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Crévilles Livre Type de contenu : livres Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tôkyô, portraits et fictions Subject The topic of the resource Tokyo, exploration urbaine, culture, urbanité, représentations, Tardits Manuel Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Manuel Tardits Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 15 novembre 2011 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Le Gac Presse Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource 320 Description An account of the resource <div><b>Présentation par l'éditeur :</b></div>  </div> Au Japon où le sens du cheminement, de l'itinéraire, le michiyuki imprègne tant la culture de l'espace, choisir de vivre à Tokyo, en relater sa découverte est une histoire d'étapes.</div>  </div> Manuel Tardits expose sa démarche :<br /> Première étape : un intérêt assez académique pour cette autre ville, cette autre manière de concevoir la ville. Exceptée la période contemporaine, les grandes cités orientales ou occidentales tiennent le plus souvent d'un équilibre entre de grands desseins urbains et le patchwork de quartiers d'époques et de styles différents.<br /> Deuxième étape : Peut-on comparer, comprendre même, l'essence, les fondements culturels de cette ville ? Tokyo reste-t-elle une Madame Chrysanthème avec ses successions d'étrangetés ?<br /> Troisième étape : devenir ethnographe, oeil dans la ville, porté par le désir plus fondamental d'en saisir la subtile mécanique, les linéaments de cette urbanité différente. Il faut la parcourir et même souvent s'y perdre.<br /> Dernière étape : conserver toujours et précieusement la fraîcheur des premiers étonnements devant la profusion urbaine, et saisir à travers la nuée des petits faits urbains caduques les grandes structures persistantes.<br /> <br /> Tôkyô, portraits et fictions est aussi un excellent guide pour découvrir la capitale japonaise. Manuel Tardits en explore les "classiques", les derniers aménagements et surtout, bien d'autres endroits insolites.</div>  </div> <b>Manuel Tardits</b> est architecte.</div>  </div> Illustrations de Nobumasa Takahashi et Stéphane Lagré.</div>  </div> Type The nature or genre of the resource Ouvrage culture exploration urbaine représentations Tardits Manuel Tokyo urbanité