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                <text>Haeringer, Philippe (ed.)</text>
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                <text>De Caracas à Kinshasa : bonnes feuilles de la recherche urbaine à l'ORSTOM (1978-1983)</text>
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                <text>Tourneux Henri, Iyebi Mandjek O. L'école dans une petite ville africaine : Maroua, Cameroun : l'enseignement en milieu urbain multilingue. Paris : Karthala, 1994, 330 p. </text>
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                <text>L'école dans une petite ville africaine : Maroua, Cameroun : l'enseignement en milieu urbain multilingue</text>
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                <text>Toussaint, Jean-Yves</text>
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                <text>Sophie, Vareilles</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>esquisse d'analyse des mutations des services publics locaux de l'environnement (SPLE) à patir d'un modèle d'analyse définissant toute activité sociale par la mobilisation et la fabrication d'ensembles d'objets.</text>
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                <text>Les services publics locaux de l'environnement observés comme mobilisation des dispositifs techniques et spatiaux dans l'activité urbaine</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Toussaint, Jean-Yves</text>
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                <text>La vie en ville requiert l'usage et la fabrication d'un vaste ensemble d'objets. Ce travail a pour ambition de contribuer à la production de connaissances sur le statut et sur le rôle de ces objets fabriqués dans l'activité sociale urbaine. Ces objets nécessaires à la vie en ville constituent ce qui sera ici appelé dispositifs techniques et spatiaux de l'urbain. Ce domaine d'objets relève des activités d'aménagement urbain, d'urbanisme, d'architecture et de génie civil. Il comprend aussi bien les immeubles de logements ou de bureaux, les monuments et les fontaines, les «équipements»..., les rues, les places, les voies, les trottoirs et les quais, les bordures des trottoirs, les caniveaux, les places de stationnement et les dispositifs de paiement (lorsque ces places sont payantes), les parkings, les plantations, les pelouses et les jardins, les bacs à sable, les bancs..., que les réseaux d'alimentation en eau potable, les réseaux d'assainissement, le téléphone, l'alimentation en électricité, en gaz, en information (câblée)... ainsi que les mobiliers émergences de réseaux, la signalisation lumineuse, les transports en commun, en site propre ou non, en surface ou en sous-sol, etc. Ce domaine est formé de biens et de services. Même si la liste ne peut être exhaustive, ce domaine comprend un nombre fini d'objets, ceux à la fabrication desquels oblige la vie en ville. La ville serait à penser comme un environnement dans l'action. La signification de la ville (en ses parties comme en sa totalité), le sens que prend cet environnement ne sont pas immanents : ils sont entièrement soumis à l'action, c'est-à-dire, à ce qui, pour l'action, est ressource (information) dans cet environnement . Ainsi, l'œuvre urbaine saute au yeux d'un observateur cultivé, s'il fait du tourisme ; le même, tout cultivé qu'il soit, dans sa ville, au volant de son auto, a toutes les chances de ne percevoir dans l'œuvre qui s'impose à lui que l'information nécessaire à sa conduite —elle se détache de l'œuvre qui n'est plus qu'un itinéraire, un outil sémiologique (c'est-à-dire un ensemble devenu cohérent de dispositifs techniques et spatiaux disséminés dans l'espace au service de la conduite automobile). L'ontologie de la ville serait plurielle. Elle varie avec l'action qui la mobilise. L'apparence urbaine est toujours autre dans la succession des temps de l'action, dans la juxtaposition des temporalités de l'action —le jour, la nuit, le matin, le soir, dans l'alternance des saisons, selon qui l'emprunte, qui la regarde, qui l'utilise, qui s'y affaire, qui en jouit. La ville varie, toujours différente. En cela, l'espace n'est pas une scène, un théâtre ou un moyen où se déroule l'action : il en est l'instrument.</text>
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                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473722</text>
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                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/47/37/22/PDF/P_UA4.pdf</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>habilitation ࠤiriger des recherches</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Cette thèse prend appui sur une expérience d'architecte-urbaniste coopérant en Algérie constituée dans le cadre d'un contrat de coopération (contrat VSNA -Volontaire pour le Service National Actif-) entre 1980 et 1982, à la CADAT (Caisse Algérienne D'Aménagement du Territoire) d'Oran, Mission Technique de Tlemcen. L'objet de ce travail n'est pas de se livrer à une valorisation de l'action personnelle mais de procéder à une déconstruction des mobiles à l'oeuvre dans le travail de conception, dans la production de l'espace dans le cadre du projet —ici le projet en urbanisme. Ce regard sur le projet s'intéresse au système de relations qui lie tout à la fois l'engagement personnel d'un individu, son statut professionnel et le rôle social que ce dernier lui octroie, une organisation (l'organisme employeur) et un complexe organisationnel (l'ensemble des organisations mises en rapport par le projet d'urbanisme ou d'aménagement). Le corpus est constitué d'une série «d'histoires» des projets conduits dans le cadre du contrat de coopération. Ces «histoires», rédigées à partir d'un travail de remémoration, sont resituées dans l'organisation, la Caisse Algérienne d'Aménagement du Territoire et dans le projet social qu'elle avait pour mission de «mettre en espace» à travers sa production de Plans d'aménagement urbain. Le contexte —l'Algérie— est exemplaire. La modernité y est un enjeu considérable du développement, notamment par les transformations économiques et sociales qu'elle qualifie. La planification urbaine joue un rôle central, dans la mesure où elle organise l'espace et où elle se veut l'instrument de cette modernité ; laquelle s'appuie sur une dépréciation des pratiques urbaines endogènes qui ne peuvent plus être investies d'un savoir-faire et d'un savoir-être dignes de structurer et d'engendrer des pratiques de conception et d'aménagement urbains qui leur soient propres. Le rôle d'un architecte étranger, mis en situation de réaliser un Plan d'urbanisme peut y être central, et cela, d'autant plus que l'architecte issu d'un pays industrialisé se trouve, de par son origine ethnique et culturelle, dans les meilleures conditions pour dominer le procès de modernité. Ainsi, ce travail a-t-il progressivement glissé de l'analyse du cheminement de l'acteur —l'architecte— dans une organisation —la Cadat— chargée de produire l'espace urbain, à l'analyse de la Cadat comme organisation et de l'organisation au phénomène bureaucratique dans la société algérienne. Au terme de cette analyse, l'espace urbain planifié, celui de la commande étatique, apparaît comme un «placage» et comme un «échec» (du point de vue des fins explicites de la stratégie de développement : le changement des mentalités et la promotion de l'homme) du projet moderniste de la direction politique de l'Etat algérien. Echec par le biais duquel se pose le problème du rôle de la bureaucratie (au sens où M. Weber la définit comme administration rationnelle de la société) dans l'émergence des Etats modernes industriels. L'expérience de l'architecture, de l'urbanisme et de l'aménagement, comme expérience de la domination légale rationnelle à travers l'activité organisatrice du territoire d'une société donnée (l'Algérie) révèle le paradoxe de la modernité : face à cette sorte d'échec, on ne peut guère incriminer, dans l'appréciation du rôle de la bureaucratie, son fonctionnement, mais au contraire l'insuffisance de son fonctionnement. En quelque sorte, en Algérie, plutôt pas assez, que trop de bureaucratie.</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Université de Nanterre - Paris X</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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                <text>Algérie</text>
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                <text>aménagement</text>
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                <text>développement</text>
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                <text>bureaucratie</text>
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                <text>architecture</text>
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                <text>image</text>
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                <text>urbanisme</text>
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                <text>projet</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Architecte-urbaniste en Algérie : un fragment de la crise algérienne</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>PhD thesis</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Espaces et sociétés</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644260">
                  <text>revue publiée par ERES</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644261">
                  <text>CAIRN</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427716">
                <text>87</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427717">
                <text>Touzri, Abdelfattah</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427718">
                <text>2011</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427719">
                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=ESP_143_0047</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427720">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427721">
                <text>Cairn</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="427722">
                <text>Espaces et sociétés, n 143, 3, 2011-01-03, pp.47-62</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="427723">
                <text>Bruxelles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="427724">
                <text> minorités</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="427725">
                <text> stratégie de survie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="427726">
                <text> pratiques informelles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="427727">
                <text>Brussels</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="427728">
                <text> minorities</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="427729">
                <text> survival strategies</text>
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                <text> informal activities</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Pratiques informelles et minorités issues de l'immigration : une régulation autonome en gestation ?</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Revue d’Économie Régionale &amp; Urbaine</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>revue publiée par Armand Colin</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>22</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="420769">
                <text>TOVAR, Elisabeth</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2010</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RERU_101_0111</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="420772">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="420773">
                <text>Cairn</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="420774">
                <text>Revue d'Économie Régionale &amp; Urbaine, mars, 1, 2010-03-01, pp.111-134</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>ségrégation</text>
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                <text> pauvreté</text>
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                <text> approche par les capabilités</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="420778">
                <text> formes de l'emploi</text>
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                <text> Paris</text>
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                <text>segregation</text>
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                <text> poverty</text>
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                <text> capabilist well-being</text>
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                <text> employment characteristics</text>
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                <text> Paris</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Ségrégation et formes d'emploi à Paris</text>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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                  <text>HAL</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="491416">
                <text>Tovar, Elisabeth</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2008-02-25</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="491418">
                <text>Cette thèse se place dans le cadre de la problématique générale de la "nouvelle question urbaine" et a pour objectif de questionner la réalité de la ségrégation urbaine de l'espace francilien des années 1990. En premier lieu, nous définissons les trois éléments principaux sur lesquels repose toute évaluation de ce phénomène : la conception du bien-être individuel et sa mesure, la définition de la ségrégation elle-même et le cadre éthique qui lui est associé. Nous proposons un étalon de mesure du bien-être individuel, la "condition sociale effective" qui s'inscrit dans le cadre de l'approche par les capabilités de Sen, et nous adoptons un critère d'équité sensible à l'inégalité. Après avoir spécifié les outils statistiques permettant d'opérationnaliser l'approche par les capabilités, nous menons une étude empirique qui nous permet de conclure à la réalité de la présence d'unités urbaines ségrégées en Île-de-France pendant les années 1990.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="491419">
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Dès sa naissance au XIIe siècle La Rochelle, ville neuve et communale, s'engagea 
dans un pari osé : l'essentiel de ses ressources, fondées sur le marché du vin, 
dépendait de la santé du commerce maritime international. De ce fait, ses bourgeois eurent très tôt conscience que leur essor et leur autonomie reposaient sur 
leur capacité à maîtriser d'une part la filière viticole ? à tous les stades de la 
production et de la distribution ? et d'autre part la potentielle concurrence des 
ports et campagnes alentour. Au cours des XIIIe-XVe siècles, afin de relever ce défi, 
l'échevinage détermina progressivement une politique globale au sein de laquelle 
son espace suburbain occupa une place centrale et déterminante. Distinguant les 
emprises foncières, économiques, militaires et fiscales exercées par la ville, cette 
étude propose de saisir les modalités de cette politique, et à travers elles la nature 
même de la banlieue rochelaise.
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          <element elementId="49">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Trape, Jean-François</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1989</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>text/pdf</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:27902</text>
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                <text>Trape Jean-François. Paludisme et urbanisation en Afrique centrale. In : Salem Gérard (ed.), Jeannée Emile (ed.).  Urbanisation et santé dans le Tiers Monde : transition épidémiologique, changement social et soins de santé primaires. Paris : ORSTOM, 1989, p. 177-180. (Colloques et Séminaires). Séminaire International de Pikine, Pikine (SEN), 1986/12/02-06</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>ORSTOM</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>URBANISATION</text>
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                <text>MILIEU URBAIN</text>
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                <text>AUTOMEDICATION</text>
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                <text>Paludisme et urbanisation en Afrique centrale</text>
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                <text>Urbanisation et santé dans le Tiers Monde : transition épidémiologique, changement social et soins de santé primaires</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>text</text>
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