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                <text>Orléans</text>
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                <text>France</text>
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                <text>Verdier, Nicolas</text>
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                <text>Le 26 septembre 1926, le décret-loi Poincarré-Sarraut, amène la disparition de 2/5e des arrondissements français. Ceux-ci, créés par la loi du 28 pluviôse an VIII (17 février 1800), ont connu de nombreuses attaques depuis le lendemain de leur création. Mais il faut cependant attendre le lendemain de la Première Guerre mondiale pour voir leur nombre significativement diminué. À la veille de la réforme, les jeux n'étaient pas pour autant faits. Au contraire, les idées de régionalisation d'une part avec ou sans valorisation des cantons, et l'option d'une disparition pure et simple des arrondissements, d'autre part, avaient été imaginées. Un relatif affaiblissement du rapport aux circonscriptions territoriales de l'époque explique pour partie la réforme. Mais, au-delà, c'est par une politique de long terme qu'elle a été rendue possible. En effet, le territoire de l'arrondissement s'est progressivement vu déposséder de ce qui faisait son existence : la relation intime entre acteurs et territoire. Les choix finalement effectués, semblent avoir été élaborés entre 1923 et 1926. Nous tenterons pour finir de tester les critères officiels de façon à mieux comprendre la nature des décisions prises.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00467770</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/46/77/70/PDF/Verdier_La_reforme_des_arrondissements.pdf</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Les territoires de l'administration. Départir, décentraliser, déconcentrer</text>
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                <text>Les territoires de l'Administration, départir, décentraliser, déconcentrer</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
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                <text>Circonscription</text>
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                <text>réforme administrative</text>
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                <text>politique publique</text>
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                <text>territoire</text>
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                <text>histoire</text>
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                <text>arrondissement</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>La réforme des arrondissements de 1926</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>conference proceeding</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Verdier, Nicolas</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Les sciences sociales françaises ont connu depuis le début des années 1980 une mise en relation à la mémoire dont les marqueurs forts sont le choix de faire de l'année 1980 comme année du patrimoine, et la publication, à partir de 1984, d'un ouvrage-phare de l'historiographie : Les lieux de mémoire. Ce mouvement, pour être compris doit être analysé en tenant compte de l'évolution des relations qu'entretiennent l'histoire et la géographie, disciplines quasi-siamoises de l'enseignement secondaire français. L'examen des histoires de France successivement publiées montre la récente séparation des deux approches : la géographie qui avait longtemps introduit l'histoire de France, véritable moule de la nation française est presque intégralement exclue de ces ouvrages au profit des mentalités et d'une culture commune, nouveau creuset français. Dans le même temps, la référence à l'histoire dans la géographie se trouve réduite à la portion congrue, au profit d'une étude du temps présent qui s'appuie souvent sur l'analyse spatiale. Aussi, au moment du surgissement de la mémoire dans les sciences sociales, ces deux disciplines universitaires sont-elles probablement arrivées à l'un des moments de plus forte méconnaissance de l'autre discipline. De là vont naître des usages pour le moins dissemblables de la mémoire et des lieux. Certains historiens acceptent une idée de lieu sans attache topographique. Les géographes qui s'intéressent à la mémoire et aux lieux le font principalement, d'une part dans le cadre de la mise en place du concept renouvelé de territoire, et d'autre part dans celui d'une renégociation des rapports aux temporalités.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00418709</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="513280">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/41/87/09/PDF/Verdier_Memoire.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Mémoire, Contre mémoire, Pratique historique</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="513284">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="513285">
                <text>interdisciplinarité</text>
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                <text>géographie</text>
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                <text>histoire</text>
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                <text>épistémologie</text>
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                <text>mémoire</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>La mémoire des lieux : entre espaces de l'histoire et territoires de la géographie</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>HAL</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Palermo</text>
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                <text>Italy</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Verdier, Nicolas</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2006-03-30</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>L'enquête présentée ici vise à déterminer les rythmes et les moments d'intérêts pour les villes chez les historiens français. Elle s'appuie sur l'analyse exhaustive des 400 articles relatifs à la ville dans trois grandes revues françaises entre 1876 et 1968. Les conclusions principales sont qu'après une première phase de recherche (jusque vers 1928) qui se caractérise par sa diversité, une seconde phase, principalement constituée autour des productions des Annales, organise la recherche autour de deux questions : l'économie et la société. Autrement dit, le développement de la recherche sur la ville grâce aux Annales s'accompagne d'un appauvrissement des thématiques.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00104278</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="518985">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/10/42/78/PDF/VerdierQuelquesapercus.pdf</text>
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                <text>I saperi della città, a cura di Enrico Iachello</text>
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                <text>I saperi della città, a cura di Enrico Iachello</text>
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                <text>I saperi della città, a cura di Enrico Iachello</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518991">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="518992">
                <text>Histoire urbaine</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="518993">
                <text>historiographie</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Quelques aperçus sur l'histoire des villes</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>conference proceeding</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Verguet, Celine</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2013-02-13</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>" C'est mon/notre patrimoine ", cette expression est caractéristique de la relation que la société actuelle entretien avec le passé. Qu'y a-t-il derrière cette énonciation et la pensée patrimoniale d'aujourd'hui ? Cette étude part de l'idée d'une actualisation du sens de la notion de patrimoine. Elle serait le résultat d'une nouvelle prise en charge par le monde social. Il semble exister une conception patrimoniale partagée par les personnes ordinaires sur laquelle elles fondent leur compétence " profane " à caractériser des objets de l'espace urbain. Chacun fabrique du patrimoine dans le quotidien de son rapport au petit monde qui l'entoure et, ainsi, lui donne sens. Ces bricolages sont des pratiques qui se différencient de la patrimonialisation en ce qu'ils ne relèvent pas des institutions. Les expressions d'une telle fabrique ont été observées auprès des pratiquants du quartier de la Libération à Nice, dans le moment propice d'un projet d'aménagement, sur fond de conflit patrimonial. Il a fallu dépasser les mobilisations pour accéder à la conception patrimoniale ordinaire et la saisir à partir de différents processus, à la charnière entre vision du monde et acte quotidien d'habiter. D'abord, celui de la représentation spatiale et temporelle du quartier propre à l'expérience que chacun en fait. Puis celui de la démonstration du caractère patrimonial de certains éléments par le biais de l'authentification et du plaidoyer. Enfin, celui de l'épreuve c'est-à-dire d'un ressenti patrimonial conduisant à qualifier des objets de l'environnement immédiat. Désormais le patrimoine de l'homme ordinaire se caractérise par la conscience de la signification qu'il a appris à lui donner.</text>
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                <text>http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839607</text>
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                <text>2013NICE2006</text>
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                <text>Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis</text>
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                <text>[SHS:ANTHRO_SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology</text>
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                <text>La fabrique ordinaire du patrimoine : étude de cas en milieu urbainle quartier de la Libération à Nice : le quartier de la Libération à Nice</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Approche comparative de l'usage de la planification spatiale dans deux agglomérations : Lyon (France) et Manchester (Grande-Bretagne)</text>
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                <text>Action publique et projet métropolitain</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SCIPO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science</text>
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                <text>planification spatiale</text>
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                <text>urbanisme</text>
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                <text>La planification territoriale au niveau des aires métropolitaines en France et au Royaume-Uni</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>10</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>
  
  Cet article entend interroger la capacité du lien territorial, quand il est médiatisé par une association de quartier, à transcender la différenciation sociale des pratiques et des sociabilités. Les associations d'habitants sont en effet volontaristes et cherchent à multiplier les occasions de « vivre ensemble » au sein de l'espace local. Cependant, les discours d'ouverture et de mixité sociale professés par les militants héritiers de la « classe d'alternative » se heurtent à des pratiques valorisant largement l'entre soi au sein même de l'association. Ce n'est qu'à l'occasion d'échanges éphémères, festifs et militants, que s'atténue, très temporairement, la ségrégation des liens sociaux.
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="424941">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424942">
                <text>Cairn</text>
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                <text>Espaces et sociétés,  126, 3, 2006-11-23, pp.53-68</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>entre-soi</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="424945">
                <text> mixité sociale</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424946">
                <text> association</text>
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                <text> gentrification</text>
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                <text> classe sociale</text>
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                <text>closed groups</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Liens territoriaux, liens sociaux : le territoire, support ou prétexte ?</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Belgeo</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Belgeo est la seule revue scientifique nationale de géographie en Belgique. Au-delà des articles thématiques ou de réflexion, la revue a pour objectif de couvrir les grandes questions géographiques, les problèmes européens et mondiaux ainsi que les problèmes nationaux. Belgeo permet également la propagation des résultats de recherches menées par des géographes belges, souvent à la jonction des approches anglo-saxonne et latine, et ouvre ses pages aux derniers développements tant en géographie humaine que physique.</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="556860">
                <text>Vermeulen, Sofie</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2009-06-30</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Urban projects are central to contemporary urban regeneration and urban visioning/imagining. However, the relationship between vision and the realisation of projects remains problematic. In most of the discipline of urban planning in Brussels -and thus part of the built environment- the vision remains largely invisible, opaque or contradictory. In this article we intend to clarify the relationship between the visionary aims and the actual design of urban spaces. A first focus lays on the imagining process through the development of an analytical framework to qualify and legitimize urban projects. Utopia and heterotopia will be used to coin the relationship between the abstract character of the impossible and more pragmatic elements of a good urban project and a powerful urban vision. The second objective of the article is an analysis of interfaces/connections between different concepts and their use in practices. These connections can be described by looking at three interfaces in the chain: utopia- heterotopia-vision-project. Three Brussels cases are evaluated on their qualitative characteristics of a good urban project as described in The century of the city. City republics and grid cities, the Flemish White Paper for Urban Policy (Boudry et al., 2003), the subject visioning process, heterotopian characteristics and underlying utopian potential. Mutual comparison of these cases showed that if an urban project responds to more qualitative criteria of a good urban project, the higher its utopian potential is. One of the most remarkable and challenging conclusions is that concepts like utopia and heterotopia comport strong elements to deploy a sustainable and powerful vision on urban (renewal) projects in Brussels. Further research includes fine tuning of these turning points and a more elaborate application on more cases from the international development zones-plan proposed by the Brussels Capital Region. </text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556863">
                <text>http://belgeo.revues.org/8753</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>nl</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Brussels</text>
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                <text>heterotopia</text>
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                <text>spatial planning</text>
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                <text>urban development projects</text>
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                <text>utopia</text>
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                <text>visioning</text>
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                <text>Brussel</text>
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                <text>heterotopie</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="556873">
                <text>ruimtelijke planning</text>
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                <text>stadsprojecten</text>
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                <text>Stadsvernieuwing en utopie in Brussel : van ideaal naar realiseerbaar ? </text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644248">
                  <text/>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369258">
                <text>SENEGAL</text>
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                <text>DAKAR</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369260">
                <text>CAP VERT</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="369261">
                <text>Vernière, Marc</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369262">
                <text>1977</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="369263">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:01144</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369265">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:01144</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="369266">
                <text>Vernière Marc. Volontarisme d'Etat et spontanéisme populaire dans l'urbanisation du Tiers-Monde : Formation et évolution des banlieues dakaroises : le cas de Dagoudane Pikine. Paris : Bibliothèque Nationale, 1977, 279 p. (Mémoires de la Section de Géographie ; 7). Th. 3e cycle : Géogr. : Paris : 1973, </text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="369267">
                <text>FR</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Bibliothèque Nationale</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Les oubliés de l'"Haussmannisation" dakaroise : crise du logement populaire et exploitation rationnelle des locataires</text>
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                <text>CONSCIENCE DE CLASSE</text>
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                <text>Anquetil N., Vernière Marc. A partir d'enquêtes en quartiers populaires dakarois : critiques d'une forme de planification urbaine. Paris : EPHE, 1975, 10 p. multigr. </text>
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                <text>Une livraison des Cahiers Ramau (N° 6, 2013) publiée sous la direction de Véronique Biau, Michael Fenker et Elise Macaire.&#13;
&#13;
De nombreux acteurs professionnels et institutionnels accordent une attention accrue à la façon dont les publics concernés sont associés à la fabrication de la ville. Cet ouvrage porte sur les transformations des pratiques des professionnels du fait de leur confrontation plus directe avec les habitants et usagers, sur les résistances au changement, les difficultés rencontrées ainsi que sur le renouvellement des questions posées.&#13;
&#13;
Les contributions sont structurées autour de quatre thèmes : la montée d’une expertise habitante, l’évolution des cultures professionnelles des acteurs publics locaux, le repositionnement des architectes et urbanistes, les pratiques et dispositifs participatifs.&#13;
&#13;
Sommaire :&#13;
&#13;
Introduction par Véronique Biau, Michael Fenker et Elise Macaire : Les métiers de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme à l’épreuve de l’implication des habitants et des usagers&#13;
&#13;
La montée d’une expertise habitante&#13;
&#13;
- Guillaume Faburel, L’habitant et les savoirs de l’habiter comme impensés de la démocratie participative&#13;
- Jeanne Demoulin, Les organismes HLM et leur personnel face à la participation des locataires&#13;
- Federica Gatta, Tactiques et formes d’engagement des acteurs non institutionnels de la transformation urbaine&#13;
- Luc Greffier, Nicolas Dandréa et Pascal Tozzi, Les professionnels de l’animation socioculturelle, activateurs de participation ? Analyses d’opérations d’écoquartiers français&#13;
&#13;
Cultures professionnelles des acteurs publics locaux réinterrogées&#13;
&#13;
- Aurélie Couture, Agents territoriaux et consultants « experts » de la participation, des acteurs stratégiques pour l’évolution d’une culture locale.&#13;
- Jeanne Cartillier, La participation citoyenne comme opportunité de mise en mouvement des cultures professionnelles&#13;
- Camille Gardesse, Les acteurs du projet urbain et la participation des habitants, entre évolution des pratiques et prégnance des codes culturels&#13;
- Héloïse Nez, Les savoirs et savoir-faire des professionnels face à la participation : entre aptitude au dialogue et communication graphique&#13;
&#13;
Architectes et urbanistes face à la participation : enjeux et repositionnements&#13;
&#13;
- Véronique Biau et Anne d’Orazio, Les architectes face à l’habitat participatif. Entre militantisme et professionnalisme ?&#13;
- Anne Debarre, L’habitat participatif : les pratiques des architectes en questions, mais des représentations résistantes de l’architecture&#13;
- Silvère Tribout, Quels freins à la participation des habitants du point de vue des concepteurs ?&#13;
- Rainier Hoddé, Inviter l’habitant dans l’enseignement : un dispositif pour apprendre à concevoir autrement&#13;
&#13;
Implication des habitants : pratiques et dispositifs&#13;
&#13;
- Jodelle Zetlaoui-Léger, L’implication des habitants dans les projets d’écoquartiers en France. Vers des démarches intégrées ?&#13;
- Gilles Debizet, Le copilotage concerté comme outil de densification de la ville par des maîtres d’ouvrage privés&#13;
- Elise Macaire et Nadine Roudil, Participation et démarches innovantes : méthodes, postures et compétences&#13;
&#13;
Synthèse : Hélène Hatzfeld, Des mutations professionnelles révélatrices d’un monde en mouvement&#13;
&#13;
Postface : Véronique Biau, Michael Fenker et Elise Macaire</text>
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