Dublin Core
Titre
Les frictions spatiales entre la population et l'emploi
Sujet
Lorenz curve ; Shift-share analysis. ; Counter-urbanization
Unités urbaines ; Analyse structurelle-géographique. ; Péri-urbanisation ; Courbe de Lorenz
Description
Spatial frictions between population and employment.
With census data, we examine whether the distribution of jobs and that of people over the French territory display a greater degree of « harmony » in 1990 than they did in 1982. Counter-urbanization around the cities is still going on. But since the excess of births over deaths is larger in towns than it is in the rural parts of the country, there has been virtually no change in the degree of concentration of people over the territory. The increase of employment, however, benefited more to cities (especially the larger ones) than it did to the country. This widening gap between the distribution of people and that of jobs has resulted in an increase of commuting.
With census data, we examine whether the distribution of jobs and that of people over the French territory display a greater degree of « harmony » in 1990 than they did in 1982. Counter-urbanization around the cities is still going on. But since the excess of births over deaths is larger in towns than it is in the rural parts of the country, there has been virtually no change in the degree of concentration of people over the territory. The increase of employment, however, benefited more to cities (especially the larger ones) than it did to the country. This widening gap between the distribution of people and that of jobs has resulted in an increase of commuting.
II s'agit de voir si la répartition des hommes et celle des emplois sur le territoire métropolitain sont plus « harmonieuses » en 1990 qu'en 1982 (ou l'inverse), et d'interpréter les évolutions constatées, à partir des données des deux derniers recensements de la population. Il apparaît ainsi que les migrations des villes vers les zones périurbaines se poursuivent. Mais comme l'excédent naturel est plus fort dans les villes qu'en zone rurale, le degré de concentration des hommes sur le territoire est resté stable. La hausse de l'emploi, en revanche, a profité davantage aux villes (surtout les grandes) qu'aux zones rurales ; ce fossé croissant entre la localisation des hommes et celle des emplois s'est traduit par un accroissement sensible des déplacements domicile/travail.
Jacquot Alain. Les frictions spatiales entre la population et l'emploi. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1993-2. La population française dans son espace - The French population within its own space. pp. 177-187.
Créateur
Alain Jacquot
Éditeur
PERSEE
Date
1993
Langue
fre
Type
article
Identifiant
http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1993_num_11_2_1572
doi:10.3406/espos.1993.1572
Couverture
177-187