Dublin Core
Titre
Cinq aperçus géographiques de la démographie japonaise.
Sujet
Japan ; Population ; Rural Outmigration ; Ageing ; Suicide ; Foreign Immigration
Vieillissement ; Immigration étrangère ; Suicide ; Population ; Japon ; Exode rural
Description
Bien que la démographie japonaise ait suscité des commentaires inquiets ou excessifs chez les observateurs occidentaux, son évolution n'échappe pas à la plupart des processus connus dans le Monde, comme en témoignent cinq aperçus à des périodes différentes. La transition démographique fut relativement précoce, bien entamée dès les années 1920, et le baby-boom de l'après-guerre ne la remit pas en cause. Malgré une amorce de stabilisation dans les années 1970, l'exode rural a repris dans les années 1980 au profit de la Mégalopole, et du grand Tokyo en particulier. Le vieillissement que connaît actuellement la population japonaise n'est pas un problème démographique au sens strict, mais social ou géographique. Répondant à un certain besoin de main-d'oeuvre dans la Mégalopole et à l'attraction de l'eldorado japonais en Asie, l'immigration asiatique se développe au Japon. Malgré les lieux communs, le taux de suicide n'est pas très élevé au Japon, et il concerne d'abord les régions rurales reculées.
Five Geographical Surveys of the Japanese Demography.
Although the Japanese demography has aroused worrying or excessive comments among Western observers, its evolution is largely similar to those usually known in the World, as we can see through five cases. The demographic transition took place quite early, almost achieved during the 1920's, and the post-war baby boom did not challenge it. Although a stabilization was engaged during the 1970's, a rural depopulation started again during the 1980' s towards the Megalopolis and especially the Great Tokyo. Today the ageing of the Japanese population is not a stricto sensu demographic problem but a social and geographical one. Because of a need of workforce in the Megalopolis and of the attraction of the Japan's eldorado myth in Asia, an immigration of Asians is growing in Japan. Despite stereotypes, the suicide rate in Japan is not too high, and it concerns first the deep rural areas.
Although the Japanese demography has aroused worrying or excessive comments among Western observers, its evolution is largely similar to those usually known in the World, as we can see through five cases. The demographic transition took place quite early, almost achieved during the 1920's, and the post-war baby boom did not challenge it. Although a stabilization was engaged during the 1970's, a rural depopulation started again during the 1980' s towards the Megalopolis and especially the Great Tokyo. Today the ageing of the Japanese population is not a stricto sensu demographic problem but a social and geographical one. Because of a need of workforce in the Megalopolis and of the attraction of the Japan's eldorado myth in Asia, an immigration of Asians is growing in Japan. Despite stereotypes, the suicide rate in Japan is not too high, and it concerns first the deep rural areas.
Pelletier Philippe. Cinq aperçus géographiques de la démographie japonaise.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1995-2. Les populations d'Asie orientale. pp. 159-180.
Créateur
Philippe Pelletier
Éditeur
PERSEE
Date
1995
Langue
fre
Type
article
Identifiant
http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1995_num_13_2_1687
doi:10.3406/espos.1995.1687
Couverture
159-180